• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.66 no.7
• /
• pp.34-49
• /
• 2016

The ancient 'sacred cloths' of Indonesia have diverse characteristics. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of ancient Indonesian textiles, focusing on 'sacred cloths.' The research is divided into two parts. The first part analyzes the creation period, religious importance, region where the cloths are found, and color of the 'sacred cloths.' The second part focuses on the textile-making techniques and the ritual patterns of the 'sacred cloths.' This research is the second paper. This research analyzes 225 Indonesian sacred cloth examples chosen for their religious function in ceremony, and reviews 10 books and 8 research papers. Field research was done in the Museum of Bali, the Indonesian Museum of Textiles, and nine weaving production houses in eastern Bali. Indonesian sacred cloths express their cultural philosophy and function through production techniques, colors, techniques, and visual patterns. The 'sacred cloth'-making techniques are classified as Batik, Prada, and Ikat. The regions that contribute to the textile production determine what patterns show up on the cloths. Sumatran patterns are philosophical, lavish, and prestigious. Bornean patterns are barbaric and prestigious. Balinese patterns are complex, decorative, warm, festive, calm, and aristocratic. Javanese patterns are symbolic and repetitive. Celebes patterns are artistic and simple. Nusa Tenggara patterns are symbolic and narrative. The forms shown on the textiles, whether geometric, human and animal, natural objects, or abstract patterns, determine how to classify the varied patterns. As a result, ancient Indonesian sacred cloths characteristics portray Indonesian identity as Bhinneka Tunggal Ika(Unity in Diversity).

• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.60 no.2
• /
• pp.229-247
• /
• 2021

Students' mathematical thinking is represented via various forms of outcomes, such as written response and verbal expression, and teachers could infer and respond to their mathematical thinking by using them. This study analyzed 39 elementary teachers' competency to notice students' problem-solving strategies containing mathematical errors in fraction addition and subtraction with uncommon denominators problems. Participants were provided three types of students' problem-solving strategies with regard to fraction addition and subtraction problems and asked to identify and interpret students' mathematical understanding and errors represented in their artifacts. Moreover, participants were asked to design additional questions and problems to correct students' mathematical errors. The findings revealed that first, teachers' noticing competency was the highest on identifying, followed by interpreting and responding. Second, responding could be categorized according to the teachers' intentions and the types of problem, and it tended to focus on certain types of responding. For example, in giving questions responding type, checking the hypothesized error took the largest proportion, followed by checking the student's prior knowledge. Moreover, in posing problems responding type, posing problems related to student's prior knowledge with simple computation took the largest proportion. Based on these findings, we suggested implications for the teacher noticing research on students' artifacts.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.34 no.2 s.115
• /
• pp.80-98
• /
• 2006

This study originated from following questions. What can we understand the conception of deconstruction, which has been the core idea of new discourses developed in various ways since modernism? How can this question be interpreted in landscape design? What is the conceptional frame of integration the prominent hybrid post-genre movements and phenomena? The frame can be epitomized with the deconstruction phenomenon. 'Deconstruction' is the core conception appeared in late or post-modern ages in the embodiment of modernity and can be viewed as an integrating or a hybrid phenomenon between areas or genres in formative arts. Therefore, the author regards the hybrid movements widely witnessed in the post contemporary formative arts as one of the most important indicators of de-constructive signs. It is safe to say that the phenomenon of this integration or hybridism, of course, does not threaten the identity of landscape design but serves as an opportunity to extend the areas of landscape design. One of the consequences of this integration or hybridism is the voluntary participation of users who have been alienated in the production of the meanings of design works and hybrid landscape design with the hybridization of genres that is characterized with transformation in forms. This view is based on the distinction between hybridization of interactions between the designer (the subject) and the user (the object), and hybridization of synesthesia. Generally speaking, this is an act of destroying boundaries of the daily life and arts. At the same time, it corresponds to vanishing of modern aesthetics and emerging of post-contemporary aesthetics which is a new aesthetic category like sublimeness. This types of landscape design tries to restore humans' sensibility and perceptions restrained by rationality and recognition in previous approach and to express non-materialistic characteristics with precaution against excessive materialism in the modern era. In light of these backgrounds, the study aims to suggest the hybrid concept and to explorer a new landscape design approach with this concept, in order to change the design structure from 'completed' or 'closed' toward 'opened' and to understand the characteristics of interactions between users and designs. This new approach is expected to create an open-space integrating complexity and dynamics of users. At the same time, it emphasizes senses of user' body with synesthesia and non-determination. The focus is placed on user participation and sublimity rather than on aesthetic beauty, which kind of experience is called simulacre. By attaching importance to user participation, the work got free from the material characteristics, and acceptance from the old practice of simple perception and contemplation. The boundaries between the subject and object and the beautiful and ordinary, from the perspective of this approach, are vanished. Now everything ordinary can become an artistic work. Western dichotomy and discrimination is not effective any more. And there is 'de-construction' where there is perfect equality between ordinary daily life and beautiful arts. Thus today's landscape design pays attention to the user and uses newly perceived sensitivity by pursing obscure and unfamiliar things rather than aesthetic beauty. Space is accordingly defined to take place accidentally as happening and event, not as volume of shape. It's the true way to express spatiality of landscape design. That's an attempt to reject conventional concepts about forms and space, which served as the basis for landscape design, and to search for new things.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.18
• /
• pp.7891-7895
• /
• 2014

Background: Tobacco products continue to be used in large quantities in India despite the mandatory inclusion of pictorial health warnings (PHWs) on all tobacco packaging. The circumstances as to how people could continue the use of tobacco to the point of developing head and neck cancer despite enhanced awareness about the ill effects of tobacco is the main focus of this study. Materials and Methods: This study concerned patients with least 5-years history of tobacco use, having been diagnosed with histopathologically proven malignancies of the hypopharynx, larynx, oropharynx and oral cavity presenting at the Government Medical College-Haldwani, Nainital, India. A total of 183 patients were eligible for inclusion during July 1 2013 - June 30 2014. Of these, 59 patients used smoked tobacco exclusively, 22 patients used smokeless tobacco exclusively, and 102 patients used both forms of tobacco. Among users of smoked forms, 75.2% (n=121) were beedi users, and 24.8% (n=40) were cigarette users. Patients were asked direct questions as to whether they had noticed the presence of PHWs upon tobacco products. The reasons as to why PHWs were not effective in stopping the patients from tobacco use were investigated. Results: Of the 183 patients, 146 reported being aware about the presence of PHWs, and when they were asked reasons as to why they continued tobacco despite being aware of ill-effects, the commonest reason chosen (by 53.4%) was that patients had not regarded themselves as using tobacco heavy enough to cause cancer. Among the 36 patients who reported as being oblivious to the presence of PHWs on tobacco products, 63.9% reported that the products they used never displayed any PHWs, and 36.1% reported never having paid attention to the packaging. The awareness about PHWs was higher among cigarette smokers in comparison to beedi smokers (100% vs 76.1%, p=0.0002). Conclusions: Locally produced and marketed tobacco products such as beedis and oral tobacco often fail to display PHWs. The presence of PHWs without doubt enhances awareness about the carcinogenic risks of tobacco. However, enhanced awareness alone may not be enough, and as elucidated by this study, some persons continue to use tobacco to the point of developing malignancies. The need of the hour is the implementation of legal and economic sanctions discouraging the use of tobacco products.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.12
• /
• pp.363-373
• /
• 2018

In today's diversified society, it is hard to know which building style represents the architectural style of the time. The simplicity found in monolithic-style buildings forms a symmetrical point with fairly complex structure, and its value can be acknowledged. This study analyzes buildings made of insulating lightweight aggregate concrete in the early 21st century, defines the concept of monolithic expression, and examines how these characteristics are expressed in the space, forms, and structural methods in construction. Unlike a multi-layered exterior wall system, which features multiple layers composed of a variety of materials, the exterior walls built with insulating lightweight aggregate concrete comes in a lump form with a mold form that is tightly filled with concrete as a single material and is monolithic. This is attributed to the creation of spaces characterized by the homogeneity of inner and outer spaces with the use of the same material, continuity of the surface as solidity, spatial characteristics of the stereotomic construction, expression of materiality with the use of exposed concrete, and the contrast of the lump and the space. This not only reveals formal characteristics that expose a discourse about monolithic architecture in contemporary architecture but also provide an opportunity to extend the range of discussion to structures and materials and even to their effects on space.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.78-85
• /
• 2012

The relevance between organisms and their external environment covers everything including humans, natural and artificial surroundings, regarding which academic and scientific understanding has continued. Relevant elements established by inter-dependence between humans and environment and the unity of life should be translated from the perspective of a whole, not of unit elements or reduction. That is, a space is formed by its own program and assumes sustainable relevance based on interactions between internal and external spaces, not building an independent system. The present study aims to present the feasibility of a potential mutant space formed by invisible arenas between individuals and evolutionary space formation based on an ecological paradigm Accordingly, this study suggested that evolutionary attributes as the major power source of biological changes could verify the virtual multiplicity of a new space formation, and that the potential form generation of hybrid mutant space of emergence and infinite formative capability could be supported. The suggestions made here will hopefully contribute to extending applicability of evolutionary space generation in the field of space design. To derive the potential mutant forms from biological space, a preliminary study was conducted regarding the characteristics of evolutionary form generation. For the purpose of this study, three evolutionary perspectives of reproduction, mutation (variation) and selection were taken. First, the theory of evolution was defined and characterized. Also, the relevance between the characteristics generated and hybrid mutant space was analyzed to consider relevant characteristics. The present study helped to understand that the hybrid mutant space had an evolutionary space structure based on a biological paradigm. It was also found that the mutant space structure built by mutant polymorphism assumed a systematic correlation between space and environment.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.109-124
• /
• 2020

In 2012, Psy's music video 'Gangnam Style' spread through parodies, and gained explosive popularity. In 2016, there was a case so-called as 'baseball ground cheering song' in which a author(songwriters) claimed an infringement of the 'right of integrity' related to cheering songs used by professional baseball teams. In response, the court denied violating the right of integrity in 2019. These cases have different effects depending on whether or not the 'right of integrity' is claimed. This study attempted an economic analysis in addition to a legal analysis of the right of integrity. Korean copyright law regards even simple changes that go against the author's will as a infringement of the 'right of integrity' even if they do not harm honor or reputation. Such legislation is one of the most strongly protected forms in the world, so it cause many problems. Meanwhile, we analyzed the cost-benefit analysis of Psy's 'Gangnam Style' case and the 'baseball ground cheering song' case. As a result of the analysis, the right to integrity is inefficient in quantitative and qualitative aspects. Therefore, the right of integrity should be reconsidered with the focus on 'popular music'. In particular, considering the development of information communication technology and changes, a revision direction is needed to meet the purpose of the copyright act. Furthermore, in order to solve the legal issues under the Copyright Act, the requirement for infringement of the right of integrity should be relaxed. Then, we proposed the establishment of a proviso clause on the right of integrity.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.475-489
• /
• 2011

The purposes of this study were to inform the exemplary models of integrated science and mathematics and to analyze and discuss their similarities and differences of the models. There were two steps to select the exemplary models of integrated science and mathematics. First, the second volume (Berlin & Lee, 2003) of the bibliography of integrated science and mathematics was analyzed to identify the models. As a second step, we selected the models that are dealt with in the School Science Mathematics journal and were cited more than three times. The findings showed that the following four exemplary theoretical models were identified and published in the SSM journal: the Berlin-White Integrated Science and Mathematics (BWISM) Model, the Mathematics/Science Continuum Model, the Continuum Model of Integration, and the Five Types of Science and Mathematics Integration. The Berlin-White Integrated Science and Mathematics (BWISM) Model focused an interpretive or framework theory for integrated science and mathematics teaching and learning. BWISM focused on a conceptual base and a common language for integrated science and mathematics teaching and learning. The Mathematics/Science Continuum Model provided five categories and ways to clarify the extent of overlap or coordination between science and mathematics during instructional practice. The Continuum Model of Integration included five categories and clarified the nature of the relationship between the mathematics and science being taught and the curricular goals for the disciplines. These five types of science and mathematics integrations described the method, type, and instructional implications of five different approaches to integration. The five categories focused on clarifying various forms of integrated science and mathematics education. Several differences and similarities among the models were identified on the basis of the analysis of the content and characteristics of the models. Theoretically, there is strong support for the integration of science and mathematics education as a way to enhance science and mathematics learning experiences. It is expected that these instructional models for integration of science and mathematics could be used to develop and evaluate integration programs and to disseminate integration approaches to curriculum and instruction.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.55-65
• /
• 2014

This study analyzes music visualization characteristics in modern fashion based on Wassily Kandinsky's music visualization theory. Alexander McQueen's 2014 Spring Ready-to-wear Collection (as inspired by Mondrian's paintings) was selected as the research subject. First, an analysis of Mondrian's paintings based on Wassily Kandinsky's theory shows that music visualization characteristics can be categorized into spatiality, mobility, and duality. Second, McQueen applied Mondrian's paintings to the overall design, structured the model's shape in the painting, or created patterns using colors and lines that introduced them in clothes; symbolic forms were also introduced as part of or a decorative factor of the clothes. Third, spatiality refers to the creation of a feeling of space through emptiness or fill using lines, colors, and shape. Musical atmosphere such as dissonance were expressed in clothing through the application of color contrast, lines and silhouette dynamics, and symbolic format and patterns by Mondrian. Fourth, mobility generally refers to motion caused by a certain stimulus. Mondrian expressed vibration, internal resonance, sound level in music that emphasized color irregularity, primary color contrast, and rough brush touches as well as free and organic patterns. McQueen expressed this with primary color contrast using different materials, rough touch based on texture, and pattern repetition through transformation. Fifth, duality generally refers to the artistic effect caused by overlap. Mondrian created a resemblance of dissonance and music through line and color as expressed through the duality of clothing design components based on the artistic sense of the designer.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.107-116
• /
• 2012

Planning a major change in the domestic residential complex 'complex' in the 'city' to the influx of urban space. So, considering a set of self-environmental complex of openness and connectivity between cities inflow from residential urban housing is formed. Complex-oriented development approach and apartment high-rise and high-density regions of space and social disconnection that causes a uniform methodology that can solve the problem of housing plan, however, a recent New Urbanism New Urbanism has been introduced. And intravenous forms of communal life that occurred in the United States prior to World War II, this value is based on the main form. Design reorganizes This modern lifestyle factors (such as housing, jobs, shopping, leisure space) to go back to the traditional lifestyles while Neotradiotional Planning exercise. New Urbanism in the late 20th century, some literature refers to a postmodern approach adopted in the field of urban planning, the specific case. Actually important feature of post-modernism in the New Urbanism has been expressed. Problem is very confusing, and the principles of New Urbanism, New Urbanism, even those who claim that have different social and design views. Therefore, this study explores the postmodern tendencies of the New Urbanism, and based on this, the possibilities for the development of new towns in Korea mainly affected on the theory of New Urbanism in South Korea in Eunpyeong examine.