• 한국연소학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2002

Combustion performance of an internally cycloned circulating fluidized bed for paper sludge was discussed through a series of batch type experiments. Operation parameters such as water content, feeding mass of sludge and secondary air injection rate were varied to find out the effect on the combustion performance, which was examined with carbon conversion rate and pollutant emission such as CO and NOx. A conventional solid fuel reaction was observed in the experiments of varying water content and feeding mass of the sludge, which is characterized with kinetic limited reaction zone, diffusion limited reaction zone and transition zone. Secondary air injection with swirl enhances the mixing of the gas phase as well as the solid phase, and improves combustion efficiency accompanied with higher carbon conversion rate and lower pollutant emission rate.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2004년도 제28회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.165-172
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• 2004

Co-incineration of coal and wastewater sludge was r;erfonn:rl in a O.lMWth bench scale circulating fluidized bed combustor(CFBC) Sludge was received from a wastewater treatment plant in a dye industrial complex in Busan. Metropolis. Moisture content of received sludge was 80%. Coal and sludge mixture was prepared with weight ratio of 90/10, 85/15 and 80/20. Co-combustion characteristics of the coal and sludge mixture demonstrated stable combustion conditions. Component analysis, incineration characteristics, boiler performance was measured before and after the test and application for commercial 59MWth CFBC boiler. The release of hazardous components such as $SO_2$ and Cl was suppressed by the presence of inherent minerals of Ca, Na, K in coal and sludge mixture. Pre-drying was not essential but it was recommended for the benefits of manageability of sludge.

• 에너지공학
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.289-301
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• 2003

매체순환식 가스연소기의 개발을 위해 산화반응기와 환원반응기가 연계된 2탑 가압순환유동층 조건의 50kWth 매체순환식 가스연소기에 대해 물질수지와 에너지수지를 통한 개념설계를 수행하였다. 매체순환식 가스연소기의 물질수지를 통해 산화반응기는 상승관 형태의 고속유동층 조건으로, 환원반응기는 기포유동층 조건으로 반응기 형태를 결정하였다. 물질수지와 에너지수지에 의해 계산된 층내 고체량, 고체순환량 및 반응기 크기는 장치제작 및 실제조업에 적당한 범위의 값을 나타내었으며 산소공여입자의 반응속도는 만족할 만한 수준에 도달하는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 개념설계 결과에 의하면 매체순환식 가스연소기의 조업조건은 상용 순환유동층의 조업조건과 유사하였으며 실제공정에 적용하기에 무리가 없는 것으로 사료되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 설계 tool을 이용하여 시스템의 용량, 조업압력, 산소공여입자 중의금속산화물의 함량, 수증기 주입량, 기체유속 및 고체층 높이 등의 변화에 따른 설계 값의 변화를 해석하였으며 이를 통해 조업조건 변화에 따른 시스템의 성능변화를 예측할 수 있었다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.243-248
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• 1993

A Circulating Fluidized-Bed (CFB) with an internal nozzle and a partition wall was proposed. The technique of fluidization is related to operations first used commercially in the fields of metallurgical and mechanical engineering such as the heat treatment of metals and power station combustors. In the modified CFB, an internal nozzle and a partition wall were additionally set in the main bed. This cold mode CFB apparatus made of acrylic resin; the main bed is 1,500mm high and 100mm in the inner diameter, the internal nozzle is 130mm high and 10mm in the inner diameter, and the partition wall is 7mm thick and 100mm in the diameter. Glass beads of $89{\mu}m$ in the mean diameter were employed as bed materials.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.436-447
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• 2019

The circulating fluidized bed boiler has an advantage that can burn a variety of fuels from low-grade fuel to coal. In this study, for the design of a circulating fluidized bed boiler using wood pellets, a circulating fluidized bed combustion test device using no external heater was manufactured and used. According to the increase of co-combustion rate with wood pellet, combustion fraction and heat flux by combustor height were measured and pollutant emission characteristics were analyzed. In terms of combustibility, the effect on primary and secondary air ratio were also studied. In addition, as a result of analysis of the effect of corrosive nanoparticles on the combustion of coal with wood pellets, it was confirmed that coal is mostly composed of Ca and S, whereas wood pellets are mostly composed of K, Cl, and Na.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.101-109
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• 1999

This study attempts to analyse the solid mixing in the feeder and the packing effect for pressure fluctuations in the fluidized bed. To study the mixing characteristics of solid in vibrating feeder for the stable operations of fluidized combustion, the system consisted of two groups of particles such that fine particles were located on the top of the coarse particles before vibratory mixing had started. The effects of packing materials on the pressure fluctuations in a fluidized bed were analysed by using a statistical method to interpret the behavior of fluidized bed. The experiments were carried out in a fluidized bed of 6.7cm-ID, and the experimental variables were particle sizes, of 115 to 1,015$\mu\textrm{m}$ in diameter and the multi-sized particles haying Rosin-Rammler and Gaussian distributions. The settled bed heights of particles to diameter ratios (L/D) were ranged from 0.5 to 2.0. And fluidizing of particles was carried out by air. The packing materials used were screen packing, and the properties of the pressure fluctuations in the fluidized bed were measured by a differential pressure transducer. The properties of the pressure fluctuations calculated were the mean, the standard deviation, and the major frequency of the power spectral density functions. From the characteristics of fluidizing, it was found that the standard deviation of pressure fluctuations could be effectively used to explain the fluidized phenomena, and the packing materials affected severely the properties of the pressure fluctuations. As a result, from the interpretation by spectral analysis, the effects of measuring radius of pressure fluctuations on standard deviation were constant in the case of the fluidized bed with and without packing materials. However, the effects of measuring the height of pressure fluctuations on standard deviations were linear increasing for the fluidized bed with packing materials, but were constant for the fluidized bed without packing materials at 4.5cm above the gas distributor. The major frequency of pressure fluctuations was found to be nearly independent of fluidized system. Also, the major frequency of pressure fluctuations decreased with increasing packing size, and it had maximum value at 10% of the packing amount.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2002

We have studied that the prediction of desulfurization efficiency by limestone in fluidized-bed coal combustor. The results were presented as follows : Firstly, the bed temperature had a great deal of effect on the desulfurization and the optimum temperature of limestone was 85$0^{\circ}C$~90$0^{\circ}C$. Secondly, as the velocity and temperature increased, $K_{s}$, K and the desulfurization efficiency increased. So, $k_{s}$, $k_{d}$ highly depended on the air velocity and bed temperature, and $k_{s}$, $k_{d}$ were 82.53 mm/sec, 0.0041/sec at 0.2 m/sec, 85$0^{\circ}C$, $k_{s}$, $k_{d}$ were 125.62 mm/sec. 0.00532/sec at 0.3 m/sec, 80$0^{\circ}C$ respectively. And $k_{s}$, $k_{d}$ were 143.78 mm/sec, 0.00568/sec at 0.3 m/sec, 85$0^{\circ}C$. Thirdly, as a result of desulfurization modeling, there was good agreement between theory and experiments as anthracite fraction increased. At 3.0 of optimum Ca/S molar ratio, there was very good agreement between theory and experiments.riments.riments.s.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2002년도 제24회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.199-203
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• 2002

In this paper, the effects of water contents on combustion characteristics of paper sludge and capacity of fluidized bed combustor(FBC) were investigated using 0.26m diameter, 1.75m height pilot-plant scale combustor. Combustion tests of paper sludge containing water contents between 40wt% and 50wt% were performed. The temperature and emission variation, the pressure inside combustor were measured to monitor the fluidization quality. The experimental results showed that 30kg/hr feeding rate of sludge containing water up to 45wt% was preferable for this system. Sludge loading rate, heat release rate were calculated from experimental data as major parameters showing FBC capacity. Comparsion with sludge loading rate from other source was also performed

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1996

An effective scale-up methodology of fluidized bed incinerators for low calorific value industrial wastes such as paper sludge and sewage sludge has been developed based on the similarity rules. Conventional scale-up theories are briefly reviewed and a new simple theory defining the diffusion Fourier number is established taking account of the lateral mixing of fuels in the fluidized bed. From the design and the operating conditions of the pilot FBC plant at Inchon, important design data for the full-scale incinerators are calculated and discussed.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제39권11호
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• pp.861-869
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 서로 다른 항력 모델이 원추형 유동층 연소기 내의 수력학적 특성과 열전달 현상에 미치는 영향에 대해, 입자상 유동에 대한 분자운동론을 적용한 오일러-오일러 모델을 사용하여 수치 해석적으로 연구하였다. Gidaspow 항력 모델과 Syamlal-O'Brien 항력 모델에 대해 유입 공기의 속도와 입자의 크기를 변화시키면서 연소기 내의 압력강하나 베드 팽창률 및 벽과 베드 사이의 열전달 계수의 변화를 조사하였다. 그 결과 베드의 팽창률은 속도가 증가함에 따라 커졌으며 압력강하는 속도의 증가에 따라 감소하였다. 벽과 베드 사이의 열전달 계수는 유입 속도가 증가하면 증가하고 입자의 크기가 증가하면 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 베드의 팽창률이나 압력 강하와 같은 수력학적 특성은 항력 모델에 큰 영향을 받지 않았으나 열전달 계수는 항력 모델에 따라 차이가 나타났다.