• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권8호
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• pp.1031-1039
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• 2018

If large-scale PV systems are continuously interconnected to distribution system, customer voltages could violate the allowable voltage limit($220{\pm}13V$) according to reverse power flow of PV system. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes flexible adoption evaluation algorithm of PV system in distribution system which estimates proper introduction capacity and location of ESS(energy storage system) for keeping customer voltages within allowable voltage limit based on various operating scenarios related with connecting point and capacity of PV system. And also this paper proposes modeling of ESS, SVR(step voltage regulator) and PV system using PSCAD/EMTDC S/W and analyzes characteristics of customer voltages and the adoption ability of PV system in distribution system. From the simulation results, it is confirmed that proposed algorithm is useful for large-scale adoption of PV system in distribution system to maintain customer voltages within allowable voltage limit.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.173-196
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• 2012

Object : From the ancient times, the importance of childbirth has been well recognized by Korean Traditional Medicine. Numeral methods have been developed to ease the labor process and keep the mother and child healthy from conception to labor. Bulsusan(佛手散) is one of the main remedies to healthy labor in KTM, both widely known and applied as well. Method : This paper examines the labor theory and practice of KTM focused on Bulsusan which is composed of Angelica gigas Nakai(當歸) and Cnidium officinale MAKINO(川芎). Result : 1. From the ancient times until the Q$\bar{i}$ng period, much attention was placed to the handling of the placenta, as it was conceived as bearing much relation to the health of the mother and her fate, and thus included in the labor process. 2. There was a recognition of the 'birth pulse[離經脈]', an intense change in the pulse that presents itself prior to somatic signs of labor. 3. There were numerous prescriptions that were administered beforehand to ease the process. They are mostly constituted with medicinals that nurture Gi(氣) and stimulate its flow, which in turn makes the fetus firm and reduces the volume, easing the labor process. 4. The medical practice of labor-induction was called 'Choesaeng(催生)'. The prescriptions which functioned as such were mostly constituted with blood medicinals such as Angelica gigas Nakai and Cnidium officinale MAKINO, those which nurture both Gi(氣) and blood, and medicinals that physically lubricate the labor pathway such as honey, oil and Talcum(滑石). Conclusion : Bulsusan can be used in most problems concerning pregnancy and labor, and cases of emergency blood loss due to injury. The term 'bulsu(佛手)' infers to the medical ability of the great doctor who takes care of major blood-loss situations resulting from discharge of dead fetus, cesarean delivery, etc. The prescription name takes after this meaning, as it deals with similar conditions in its effect.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1169-1177
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• 2007

The main objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of process variables which were forming ability, flow displacement, effective stress, effective strain, fluid vector and products defects on manufactured artificial lightweight aggregate made of both incinerated sewage sludge ash and clay by means of the numerical analysis of a rigid-plastic finite element method. CATIA (3D CAD program) was used for an extrusion metal mold design that was widely used in designing aircraft, automobile and metallic molds. A metal forming analysis program (ATES Co.) had a function of a rigid-plastic finite element method was used to analyze the program. The result of extrusion forming analysis indicated clearly that a shape retention of the manufactured artificial light-weight aggregate could be maintained by increasing the extrusion ratio (increasing compressive strength inside of extrusion die) and decreasing the die angle. The stress concentration of metal mold was increased by increasing an extrusion ratio, and it was higher in a junction of punch and materials, friction parts between a bottom of the punch and inside of a container, a place of die angle and a place of die of metal mold. Therefore, a heat treatment as well as a rounding treatment for stress distribution in the higher stress concentration regions were necessary to extend a lifetime of the metallic mold. A deformity of the products could have made from several factors which were a surface crack, a lack of the shape retention and a crack of inside of the products. Specially, the surface crack in the products was the most notably affected by the extrusion ratio.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.609-614
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• 2014

소뇌 운동실조는 점차 진행되는 신경퇴행질병이며 운동 조절을 위한 기능의 상실을 동반하기에 환자의 삶을 심각하게 저하시킨다. 소뇌 운동실조 환자는 운동제어 과정에서 부적절한 폐회로 소뇌 반응으로 인해 운동 명령이 제한된다. 본 논문에서는 최근 뇌-컴퓨터 인터페이스 기술을 이용하여 소뇌의 이상으로 인한 운동실조 환자들이 외부기기를 제어할 수 있도록 운동상상 기반의 뇌파의 특성을 분석하고 이를 이용한 뇌-컴퓨터 인터페이스 기법을 제안한다. 뇌파 기반의 뇌-컴퓨터 인터페이스의 효용성을 검증하기 위하여 소뇌 운동실조 환자와 정상인 그룹에서 운동상상에 따른 뮤밴드 파워를 조절하는 능력을 비교하였다. 이를 통하여 소뇌 운동실조 환자에의 뇌-컴퓨터 인터페이스의 가능성을 보여준다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2006

${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$에 담지한 Cu-Mn 산화물 촉매에서 톨루엔 완전산화 반응을 $160{\sim}280^{\circ}C$의 온도 범위에서 고정층 반응기로 조사하였다. BET, SEM, TPR, TPO, XPS 및 XRD를 이용하여 촉매 특성분석을 하였다. 톨루엔의 완전산화 반응은 $280^{\circ}C$ 이하에서 이루어졌으며, 적절한 Cu-Mn 담지량은 15.0 wt％Cu-10.0 wt％Mn인 것으로 나타났다. TPR/TPO 및 XPS 분석 결과, 15 Cu-10 Mn 촉매의 산화환원 봉우리가 낮은 온도로 이동하였으며 결합에너지가 높은 값으로 이동하였다. XRD 결과, 고분산된 Mn 산화물과 CuO 보다 $Cu_{1.5}Mn_{1.5}O_4$의 촉매활성 인자로서의 역할이 더욱 우수한 것으로 추측되며, 촉매의 활성은 촉매의 산화환원 능력과 촉매의 높은 산화 상태에 기인하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제39C권3호
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• pp.209-222
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• 2014

현대전의 전쟁 개념은 정보 통신 기술의 발전과 함께 지휘 통제 과정을 네트워크로 연계하여 전투 수행 능력을 향상시키는 네트워크 중심전 (NCW, Network Centric Warfare)으로 변화하고 있다. 이에 따라, 네트워크를 통한 정보의 우위를 점유하는 NCW의 구현에 있어, 감시 정찰 체계로부터 획득한 정보정찰감시 (ISR, Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance) 정보의 고속 전송을 위해 개발된 공용데이터링크 (CDL, Common Data Link) 기술이 핵심 요소로 고려되고 있다. 세계 각국에서는 CDL의 전송속도 및 네트워킹 기능을 향상시키기 위한 기술 개발에 주력하고 있으며, 우리 군도 자립적인 CDL 기술 개발의 필요성을 인식하고 MPI-CDL (Multi-Platform Image and Intelligence Common Data Link)을 개발하였다. 하지만 다수 체계 간 대용량 ISR 정보를 신속하게 수집 제공하기에는 최대 전송속도 및 네트워킹 기능 성능이 해외 장비 대비 미흡한 상황으로, 전체적인 성능을 향상시킨 차세대 CDL 개발이 필요한 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 차세대 한국형 CDL 개발을 위해, 현재까지의 CDL 개발 흐름과 해외 선행 장비의 기술 동향을 살펴보고, 향후 지향해야 할 차세대 CDL 개발 방향에 대해 제시한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.44-56
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• 1974

Very few studies regarding the effects of preoperative nursing intervention on children's welfare after surgery have been conducted. The purpose of this study was 1) to evaluate the effects of preoperative nursing instructions on children's physical recovery and emotional state after surgery and 2) to analyse the relationship between the effects of preoperative nursing instructions and the age and general anxiety of child. The study was conducted flow: August 15th to October 30th at Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea. A total of 41 Pediatric surgical Patients, between the age of 4 to 14, participated in the study. Twenty patients, randomly selected, were visited by the experimenter in the evening before, surgery and received specific preoperative nursing instructions. These instructions were designed to alleviate emotional stress and were adopted to the age of child. The postoperative recovery of these patients were then compared with a randomly selected control group of 21 patients who received only the routine preoperative care by the staff in the hospital Dependent variable were vomiting, pain medication, ability to void, elevation of temperature, infection, the between surgery and hospital discharge and postoperative emotional stress which was measured by the vital signs. Because of the limitation of the sample size it was difficult to obtain valid statistical results. However, the analysis of the raw data indicates that: 1) the preoperative nursing instructions appears to promote physical recovery and it seems especially effective in preventing elevation of temperature and shortening the length of the hospital stay, 2) the preoperative nursing instruction also seems to be effective in relieving the child's emotional stress(situational anxiety) after surgery, 3) the patient's general anxiety level preparatively seems to be a predictor of postoperative problems, 4) the preoperative nursing instructions were an effective means of promoting physical recovery in every age group as long as the child understood the instructions. The above data would seem to indicate that all preoperative pediatric patients four years of age or older, if they can understand, should have preoperative nursing instruction in order to alleviate postoperative stress and enhance physical recovery. The level of general anxiety preparatively deserves special attention since the amount of nursing instruction needed seems to vary with tile level of anxiety.

• 플랜트 저널
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2017

본 논문은 시스템엔지니어링기법을 이용하여 해양플랜트 산업의 소형 유틸리티 장비의 입찰단계에서 사용가능한 FEED 검증 수행모델에 대한 연구이다. 현재 국내 해양플랜트 기자재산업계는 해양플랜트에 진출하면서 프로젝트 수행에 따른 재정적 위험에 직면한 상태이며, 그 주요한 원인으로 기자재업체의 발주처(COMPANY 또는 EPC: Engineering, Procurement and Construction) 로부터 제공받은 FEED 결과물에 대한 검증능력부족으로 조사되었다. 이에 요구사항 분석, 기능, 성능분석 및 물리적아키텍처 구축프로세스를 순차적으로 적용하는 시스템 엔지니어링 기법을 간략화 한 FEED 설계 검증방법을 제안하고 이를 소형 유틸리티 장비(Air Compressor)를 대상으로 기존의 경험에 의존한 검증방법과 개발한 FEED 검증 모델을 적용한 결과를 비교함으로써 개발된 모델의 사용적정성을 검증하였다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.398-405
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• 1998

We investigated the effects of triterpene acids (TAs), ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA), on the induction of proliferation and differentiation of normal rat mammary epithelial cells (RMEC) or organoids cultured in Matrigel or primary culture system. To elucidate the effects, we tested their differentiation inducing activities with intercellular communication ability, cell cycle patterns, induction of apoptosis, and morphological differentiation in the three dimensional extracellular culture system. To study the changes of RMEC subpopulation in culture, the cultured cells were isolated, immunostained with peanut lectin (PNA) and anti-Thy-1.1 antibody and then analyzed with flow cytometry. Four different subpopulations, such as PNA and Thy-1.1 negative cells (B-), PNA positive cells (PNA+), Thy-1.1 positive cells (Thy-1.1+), PNA and Thy-1.1 positive cells (B+), were obtained and the size of each subpopulation was changed in culture with time in the presence of TAs. Intercellular communication was observed in culture for 7 days in TAs-treated cells, but not in culture for 4 days with scrape-loading dye transfer technique. $G_2$/M phase cells and the number of apoptotic population were increased in TAs-treated groups in cell cycle analyses. S phase fractions were reduced and the change of $G_1$ phase cells was not observed. The colonies with distinct multicelfular structures, such as stellate, ductal, webbed, squamous, lobulo-ductal colonies, were observed in Matrigel culture and the frequencies of each colony were changed in the presence of TAs. These results suggest that UA and OA have differentiation inducing effects on rat mammary epithelial cells in primary or in Matrigel culture.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2018

본 연구는 고강도, 고유동의 성질을 갖고, 시공 후 수축현상이 저감되어 균열발생을 저감시킬 수 있는 바닥모르타르 배합선정에 관한 연구로서, 최적배합을 선정하기 위한 배합시험과 선정된 배합의 압축강도, 휨강도, 플로, 길이변화성능 및 염화물침투 저항성, 내화학성 등의 성능시험을 실시하였다. 시험결과, 유동성과 조기강도 발현이 가능하며, 수축저감을 통하여 균열발생 위험성을 개선시킬 수 있을 것이라 판단되는 배합을 선정하였으며, 선정된 배합은 자기수평모르타르 규격에 만족하는 성능을 확보하는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통하여 우수한 재료성능과 경제성, 시공성을 갖는 고성능, 고유동의 바닥모르타르 시공기술을 확보할 예정이다.