• 제목/요약/키워드: flow chart

검색결과 260건 처리시간 0.027초

CCD Image Sensor with Variable Reset Operation

  • Park, Sang-Sik;Uh, Hyung-Soo
    • JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.83-88
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    • 2003
  • The reset operation of a CCD image sensor was improved using charge trapping of a MOS structure to realize a loe voltage driving. A DC bias generating circuit was added to the reset structure which sets reference voltage and holds the signal charge to be detected. The generated DC bias is added to the reset pulse to give an optimized voltage margin to the reset operation, and is controlled by adjustment of the threshold voltage of a MOS transistor in the circuit. By the pulse-type stress voltage applied to the gate, the electrons and holes were injected to the gate dielectrics, and the threshold voltage could be adjusted ranging from 0.2V to 5.5V, which is suitable for controlling the incomplete reset operation due to the process variation. The charges trapped in the silicon nitride lead to the positive and negative shift of the threshold voltage, and this phenomenon is explained by Poole-Frenkel conduction and Fowler-Nordheim conduction. A CCD image sensor with $492(H){\;}{\times}{\;}510(V)$ pixels adopting this structure showed complete reset operation with the driving voltage of 3.0V. The resolution chart taken with the image sensor shows no image flow to the illumination of 30 lux, even in the driving voltage of 3.0V.

국제표준에 따른 건축전기설비의 접지시스템 설계순서 (The Design Flowchart of Earthing System for Building Electrical Installations in Accordance with International Standards)

  • 이주철;염진근;정승현;변철균;김재철
    • 조명전기설비학회논문지
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    • 제28권8호
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 2014
  • In this paper, designing of an earthing system in accordance with international standards with regard to 22.9kV-y multi-grounded neutral system is discussed and confirmed that the consumer's earthing system can be a part of a global earthing system by interconnecting its earthing system with the neutral conductor of 22.9kV-y multi-grounded system. Further, it is proposed that some modification of the earthing system design flowchart given in the international standards are necessary when considering the equipotential bonding, lightning protection, and telecommunications facilities as well as the basic safety requirements.

An Improved Central 60° Synchronous Modulation for High Transient Performance with PMSM Stator Flux Control Used in Urban Rail Transit Systems

  • Fang, Xiaochun;Lin, Fei;Yang, Zhongping
    • Journal of Power Electronics
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.542-552
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    • 2016
  • Central 60° synchronous modulation is an easy pulse-width modulation (PWM) method to implement for the traction inverters of urban rail trains at a very low switching frequency. Unfortunately, its switching patterns are determined by a Fourier analysis of assumed steady-state voltages. As a result, its transient responses are not very good with over-currents and high instantaneous torque pulses. In the proposed solution, the switching patterns of the conventional central 60° modulation are modified according to the dynamic error between the target and actual stator flux. Then, the specific trajectory of the stator flux and current vector can be guaranteed, which leads to better system transients. In addition, stator flux control is introduced to get smooth mode switching between the central 60° modulation and the other PWMs in this paper. A detailed flow chart of the control signal transmission is given. The target flux is obtained by an integral of the target voltage. The actual PMSM flux is estimated by a minimum order flux state observer based on the extended flux model. Based on a two-level inverter model, improved rules in the α-β stationary coordinate system and equations of the switching patterns amendment are proposed. The proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results.

공정제어에서 선택시퀀스를 위한 효율적인 리모트 콘트롤 제어방법 (An Efficient Method of Remote Control for Select Sequence in Process Control)

  • 공헌택;김치수;유정봉
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.107-112
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    • 2010
  • PLC를 사용한 제어시스템에서 SFC 언어를 사용하면 전체 공정의 흐름을 이해하기 쉽고 유지보수가 용이하다. SFC 언어는 단일 시퀀스, 선택 시퀀스, 병렬 시퀀스로 나누어지고, 여러 조건에 맞게 처리하는 선택시퀀스로 프로그램 할 때 선택분기 스텝에 에러가 발생하면 전체 공정이 정지하게 된다. 이 에러스텝이 전체 공정에 크게 영향을 안주는 공정이라면 전체 공정을 정지시키지 않고 에러를 처리하면 손실은 줄어들게 된다. 본 논문에서는 선택시퀀스에서 리모트 콘트롤을 사용하여 선택시퀀스를 효율적으로 제어하는 방법을 제시하고 적용 예를 통해 그의 타당성을 확인하였다.

Eddy Loss Analysis and Parameter Optimization of the WPT System in Seawater

  • Zhang, Ke-Han;Zhu, Zheng-Biao;Du, Luo-Na;Song, Bao-Wei
    • Journal of Power Electronics
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.778-788
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    • 2018
  • Magnetic resonance wireless power transfer (WPT) in the marine environment can be utilized in many applications. However, energy loss in seawater through eddy loss (EL) is another consideration other than WPT in air. Therefore, the effect of system parameters on electric field intensity (EFI) needs to be measured and ELs calculated to optimize such a system. In this paper, the usually complicated analytical expression of EFI is simplified to the product of frequency, current, coil turns, and a coefficient to analyze the eddy current loss (ECL). Moreover, as the calculation of ECL through volume integral is time-consuming, the equivalent eddy loss impedance (EELI) is proposed to help designers determine the optimum parameters quickly. Then, a power distribution model in seawater is conceived based on the introduction of EELI. An optimization flow chart is also proposed according to this power distribution model, from which a prototype system is developed which can deliver 100 W at 90% efficiency with a gap of 30 mm and a frequency of 107.1 kHz.

SFC언어에서 인터럽트 프로그램 시간개선에 관한 연구 (Study on the Time Improvement of Interrupt Program by SFC)

  • 유정봉
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제14권10호
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    • pp.5134-5139
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    • 2013
  • 복잡한 현대의 제어시스템 설계에 PLC를 사용하면 프로그램은 LD언어나 SFC언어를 사용한다. 대부분은 LD 언어를 사용하지만 최근에는 SFC 언어의 사용빈도수가 높아졌다. SFC 언어는 제어의 흐름을 이해하기가 쉽지만, 조합논리를 표현하는데는 단점을 가지고 있다. SFC언어에서 인터럽트를 처리할 때 인터럽트 요인이 발생하게 되면 메인프로그램을 중지하고 인터럽트 프로그램을 실행하여 프로그램이 종료된 후 메인프로그램으로 복귀하게 된다. 그러면 인터럽트 프로그램이 복잡할수록 메인프로그램 정지시간은 그만큼 길어지게 된다. 본 논문에서는 SFC언어에서 메인프로그램의 휴지시간이 없는 인터럽트 처리방법을 제안하고, 시뮬레이션을 통해 그의 타당성을 확인하였다.

Prediction of Aerodynamic Loads for NREL Phase VI Wind Turbine Blade in Yawed Condition

  • Ryu, Ki-Wahn;Kang, Seung-Hee;Seo, Yun-Ho;Lee, Wook-Ryun
    • International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.157-166
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    • 2016
  • Aerodynamic loads for a horizontal axis wind turbine of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Phase VI rotor in yawed condition were predicted by using the blade element momentum theorem. The classical blade element momentum theorem was complemented by several aerodynamic corrections and models including the Pitt and Peters' yaw correction, Buhl's wake correction, Prandtl's tip loss model, Du and Selig's three-dimensional (3-D) stall delay model, etc. Changes of the aerodynamic loads according to the azimuth angle acting on the span-wise location of the NREL Phase VI blade were compared with the experimental data with various yaw angles and inflow speeds. The computational flow chart for the classical blade element momentum theorem was adequately modified to accurately calculate the combined functions of additional corrections and models stated above. A successive under-relaxation technique was developed and applied to prevent possible failure during the iteration process. Changes of the angle of attack according to the azimuth angle at the specified radial location of the blade were also obtained. The proposed numerical procedure was verified, and the predicted data of aerodynamic loads for the NREL Phase VI rotor bears an extremely close resemblance to those of the experimental data.

웹기반 다차원 민군겸용 인터액티브 디지털 콘텐츠의 효과적인 구현 방안 (An Effective Implementation Method for Dual Use of Web-based Multidimensional Interactive Digital Contents)

  • 강석훈;김대청
    • 안보군사학연구
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    • 통권3호
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    • pp.197-242
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    • 2005
  • Active catalog is a kind of digital content that enables consumers to test the functions and features of products from their PCs as if they were using it in real life, by simulating the actions and responses of the product. This new type of interactive digital content can be used extensively to make sales personnel training manuals, sales tools, user manuals and user trouble shooting documents. With active catalogs, companies will be able to compare different designs, show actions according to different functions, and evaluate user reaction to new products without having to produce a single physical prototype or mock-up. At the same time, consumers will be able to understand and 'operate' the product and make well-informed purchase decisions. In this paper, we present a visual event-driven modeling tool, PlayMo, for creating active catalogs, analyze the advantages of using PlayMo, describe the event-driven method used by PlayMo and also introduce two enhanced characteristics of the Event Flow Chart with which the events in PlayMo are structured. Interactive digital content by using the PlayMo3D makes easy, simple and effective design for e-learning, e-catalogue, e-marketing/sales, e-prototyping, customer support, etc. Through its application-ready 3D function visualization solution, engineers and designers can rapidly turn a CAD design model into a 3D interactive virtual product, and the effective function prototyping job can be also completed within a minute.

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7구역진단기의 임상응용에 대한 고찰 (2) - 각 제품에 따른 원리와 판독의 비교 - (A Study on the Clinical Use of 7-zone-Diagnostic System (2) - the Comparative Analysis of the Rule and the Decipher for each Equipment -)

  • 송범용
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제23권5호
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    • pp.11-21
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    • 2006
  • The 7-zone-diagnostic system(ABR-2000, BIO MEDIC 700Plus, CP-6000A, OMD 3000, VEGA-DFM 722) is a diagnostic device which applies pulse signals to predetermined bodily locations. Applying alternating positive and negative stress to tissues with positive and negative pulses first manifests itself as negative and positive wave forms. This system make a diagnosis of functional disorder or some typical organic diseases include stress of the mind or the body, and the energetic situation, reserves. We are known a disorder or disease throw the result charts. And these result represents various characteristic signals are assisted diagnosis and care. These result chart contains disorder flow wave forms and some valuable diagnostic hints or marks. But we have several various products for the 7-zone-diagnostic system. I think that we need the comparative analysis of the general rule and the decipher for each equipment. Because these letters(marks) each product are different, we necessary various plentiful research and suitable statistics in these points. And we must carry out many various research in the future.

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비동기 순차회로 파형의 흐름도 변환에 의한 VHDL 코드 생성 알고리즘에 관한 연구 (A Study on the VHDL Code Generation Algorithm by the Asynchronous Sequential Waveform Flow Chart Conversion)

  • 우경환;이용희;임태영;이천희
    • 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국시뮬레이션학회 2001년도 춘계 학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.82-87
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    • 2001
  • 본 논문에서는 IP(Intellectual Property)와 IP 간의 핸드쉐이킹 신호를 비동기 논리회로로 대체 하도록 할 수 있는 인터페이스 논리의 생성 방법에 대하여 기술한다. 특히 핸드쉐이킹 을 위하여 레벨형 입력과 펄스형 입력이 혼합된 비동기 타이밍 파형만 제시되었을 경우 이 파형을 흐름도로 변환시키고 변환된 흐름도에 의하여 VHDL 코드로 대체하는 새로운 \"파형 변환 알고리즘:Wave2VHDL\"을 제안한다. 또한 제안된 알고리즘으로부터 추출한 VHDL 원시 코드를 기존의 국내외 CAD 툴(Tool)에 적용함으로서 IP 인터페이스를 위한 비동기식 전자회로가 생성됨을 확인하고 시뮬레이션 결과와 제시된 타이밍도가 일치함을 증명한다.일치함을 증명한다.

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