• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.799-806
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• 2012

Approximately 80 species of bacteria were isolated from the fermented mushroom first and the HJ-57 antibacterial micro-organism was selected to the final isolation bacteria. It has a high degree of CMCase, amylase, and protease activity as well as high antibacterial activity against mushroom pathogenic bacteria without affecting the growth and development of Flammulina velutipes and Lentinus edodes mushrooms. The finally selected HJ-57 antibacterial micro-organism was identified as Bacillus sp. HJ-57. The initial pH for culture was pH7 and its optimum culture temperature was $35^{\circ}C$. The antibacterial material produced by Bacillus sp. HJ-57 showed a little antibacterial activity even in the 12 hr of culture, but showed the highest antibacterial activity in the 36~48 hr of culture. The HJ-57 antibacterial micro-organism also showed a high antibacterial activity against mushroom pathogenic bacteria and molds in the corn cob contained culture medium is used in Flammulina velutipes cultivators.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 1983

To find antitumor components with low toxicity in the Basidiomycetes of Korea, the carpophores of Flammulina velutipes (Fr.) Singer were extracted with hot water for eight hours. The extract was purified by dialyzing through Visking tube and a protein-bound polysaccharide fraction was obtained as pale brownish amorphous powder after freeze-drying. The fraction was examined for antitumor activity against sarcoma 180 implanted subcutaneously in the left groin in ICR mice. The inhibition ratio of this fraction against the tumor was 62.3% at the dose of 10mg/kg/day for the period of ten days. The tumors in three of the ten treated mice were completely regressed. The chemical analysis of the antitumor component by anthrone and Lowry-Folin methods showed that it consisted of a polysaccharide (42.4%) and a protein (24.5%). The hydrolysis of the polysaccharide moiety with 3% HCl-MeOH and trimethysilylation of the hydrolyzate yielded five monosaccharides which were identified by G.L.C. Several amino acids were identified by an amino acid autoanalyzer in the acid hydrolyzate of the protein moiety.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 2015

'Heukhyang', a new variety with dark brown color, short cultivaltion period, and good taste in Flammulina velutipes, was bred by crossing between monokaryons isolated from 'Garlmoe' and wild strain 'CBMFV-10'. In bottle cultivation, the period of mycelial growth, primordia1 formation, and growth of fruit body was required 23 days, 6 days, and 17 days, respectively. Total culvivation period was 46 days, showing 8 days shorter than that of 'Garlmoe'. Pileus diameter and thickness were greater than those of 'Garlmoe', and pileus color showed dark brown. Fruit body production per 850 ml bottle was 135 g, which was 10% lower than that of 'Garlmoe'. However, the overall acceptance was most excellent in sensory evaluation, and 'Heukhyang' has an advantage to target a niche market of white ones due to differentiated color and taste.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.92-96
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• 2015

'Geumhyang', a new variety with short cultivation period and yellowish ivory color in Flammulina velutipes, was bred by crossing between monokaryons isolated from 'Garlmoe' and wild strain 'CBMFV-33'. In bottle cultivation, the period of mycelial growth, primordia1 formation, and growth of fruit body was required 23 days, 7 days, and 17 days, respectively. Total culvivation period was 47 days, showing 7 days shorter than that of 'Garlmoe'. Pileus diameter was greater than that of 'Garlmoe', and pileus color showed yellowish ivory. Fruit body production per 850 ml bottle was 160 g, which was 8% higher than that of 'Garlmoe'. The taste, derived from 'Garlmoe' and wild strain, was excellent because of better chewing feeling than white ones. 'Geumhyang' with differentiated color and taste, has an advantage to target a niche market of white ones.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2000

We isolated genomic clone of FVFD16 and FVFD30 gene specifically expressed during fruit body formation of Flammulina velutipes [(Curt: Fr.) Sing] and determinated the sequences. The FVFD16 gene is including two introns in open reading frame, and FVFD30 gene is including four introns. The introns were matched GT/AG rule. The FVFD16 and FVFD30 genes contained CAAT box with similarity arrange and TATA box. CT-rich region was presented before the transcription start point. FVFD30 gene is investigated that expected the most activity of CCACC arrange. The result of FVFD16 gene analysis showed 80% homology by cDNA clone that is gene family. From the results of genomic southern blot analysis, we presumed more than two copy number gene family of FVFD16 and FVFD30 gene.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 1985

Isolates of the different species groups of Trichoderma from the mushroom culture beds were identified according to Rifai's classification and influence of antibiotics produced by them against the oyster mushroom was examined. Trichoderma islolates were identified as Trichoderma hamatum, Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma koningii. Among the Trichoderma isolates, fungistatic action of Trichoderma viride was found to be most remarkable. Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajor-caju were the most susceptable of the edible mushrooms tested, followed by Lentinus edodes, Flammulina velutipes and Auricularia auricula. A needle-shaped crystal gained from the chloroform extract of the culture filtrate of Trichoderma viride repressed distinctively the mycelial growth of the oyster mushroom. The grade of repression of the crystal at 500ppm and 1/10 aequ­ous solution of the chloroform extract against the oyster mushroom, seemed equal to that of cycloheximide at $100{\sim}200ppm$.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 2006

To develop environmentally friendly bio-materials for animal feed, the potential of using mushroom was studied. Adding Flammulina velutipes cultivation media wastes (FCMW) has shown beneficial effects on broiler meat quality and production cost because of the $10{\sim}20%$ saving in feeds for broiler chicken. However, differences proximate composition between FCMW and commercial broiler chicken feed were observed. FCMW had higher contents of crude fat (6.2%) and crude fiber (13.7%) than the commercial broiler feed which had crude fat and crude fiber of 4.0%, and 6.0%, respectively. But FCMW crude protein contents were lower (12.2%) than those in commercial broiler (19.0%). Adding $5{\sim}10%$ of FCMW to broiler chicken feed increased amino acid concentration upto $33{\sim}38%$ in the meat, but adding more than 20% decreased amino acid concentration.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.1 s.84
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• pp.20-24
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• 1998

The effects of liquid spawn to sawdust substrate on the growth of Flammulina velutipes were conducted for two years. The duration of optimal incubation for preculture and main culture of liquid spawn was 4 days and 6 days, respectively. When using liquid spawn, the application time for the first pinhead formation was similar with sawdust spawn, and incubation time of sawdust substrate was variable with liquid spawn and inoculum quantity. But, the overall yield of mushroom fruitbody was increased by using liquid spawn, excepting sesame hull extract medium.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1013-1017
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• 2002

Functional activities of Flammulina velutipes extract including electron donating ability, nitrite-scavenging effect, and tyrosinase inhibition activity was examined. Extraction were carried out by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) under different conditions including solvent and microwave power. Tyrosinase inhibition activity and nitrite-scavenging effect increased as microwave power increased during extraction. Total phenol content and electron-donating ability reached maximum at the microwave power of 90 W. Total polyphenol content and electron-donating ability increased as extraction time extended up to 15 min, with the highest tyrosinase inhibition obtained after 5 min extraction. Significantly higher tyrosinase inhibition activity was found in 99% ethanol extract, whereas greater nitrite-scavenging effect was observed in the water extract. The maximum nitrite-scavenging effect was found at pH 1.2 and decreased as pH increased.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.287-292
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• 2018

'Yeoreumhyang1ho' - a new variety of Flammulina velutipes, light brown in color and adaptable to high temperature - was bred by mating two monokaryons isolated from 'Garlmoe' and 'Konkuk1ho'. It exhibited better quality compared to 'Geumhyang' and 'Garlmoe' under conditions where temperature was maintained at $16^{\circ}C$, without exposure to low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$), during the cultivation period. Bottle cultivation at $16^{\circ}C$ required 22, 6, and 10 days for mycelial growth, primordia formation, and growth of the fruit body, respectively. The total cultivation period for 'Yeoreumhyang1ho' was observed to be 38 days, which is 3 and 7 days shorter than that for 'Geumhyang' and 'Garlmoe', respectively. The primordia formation showed remarkable uniformity and the pileus color was observed to be light brown, an intermediate between yellowish ivory of 'Geumhyang' and medium brown of 'Garlmoe'. The yield was 138 g per 850 ml bottle, which was 10% higher than that of 'Geumhyang'.