• 아태비즈니스연구
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.42-48
• /
• 2012

This paper examined structural changes in export specialization of Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and China at different levels of technological intensity. The study found significant differences across these Asian economies, with most pronounced changes for exports with high technological intensity. To account for the changing export specialization, the study applied the classical Ricardian model of comparative advantages to export patterns of Japan and South Korea. We found that the export specialization of Japan was mainly determined by differences in fixed effects across industrial sectors, with changes in relative labor productivity much less important. In contrast, changes in productivity turned out an essential factor for explaining the recent export specialization of South Korea.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.383-392
• /
• 1990

이 연구(硏究)에서는 경험적인 사용강도(便用强度) 방법(方法)과 파생수요(派生需要)의 경제적이론을 초월대수(超越代數) 수요(需要) 모델을 사용(使用)하여 결합하였다. 첫번째 단계로서 한 인구당 GDP와 사용강도(使用强度)의 실험적인 패턴인 비대칭(非對稱) 생명곡선(生命曲線)을 고려하였으며, 두번째 단계로서는 이러한 비대칭(非對稱) 생명곡선(生命曲線)이 수학적으로 단순한 초월대수(超越代數) 사용강도(使用强度) 모델로 바꿀수 있다는 것을 보여 주었으며, 마지막 단계로서 전통적인 수요이론(需要理論)이 가격(價格), 대체효과(代替效果), 기술(技術)의 변화(變化)를 포함한다는 것에 근거하여 초월(超越) 대수(代數) 수요(需要) 모델을 연장한 결과 전통적인 수요(需要)모델이나 사용강도(使用强度) 모델보다 더 정확하게 광물자원(鑛物資源) 수요(需要)를 예측(豫測)하였으며 사용강도(使用强度) 방법(方法)으로서도 자원(資源)의 수요(需要)를 예측(豫測)할 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.118-122
• /
• 2000

An extensive investigation has been made for the possible utilization of polypropylene spunbonded fabrics in rice seedling nursery. Considering the cropping systems available in southern part of Korea, sowing dates were fixed at April 5 and April 20 for single cropping and May 6 and May 26 for double cropping. Nursery period was fixed to 35 days for each sowing date. Four different thickness of polypropylene spunbonded fabrics, 40, 60, 80, 100 g/$m^2$, were tested in rice seedling nursery. The temperature and light intensity were not significantly different among the thickness of polypropylene spunbonded fabrics. Light intensity was significantly reduced in polypropylene spunbonded fabric (72.2 Klux) compared with polyethylene mm (85.5 Klux), however, the reduced light intensity was enough for seedling growth. The temperature in the polypropylene spunbonded fabric covering during low air temperature was higher than that in polyethylene mm tunnel. At transplanting, the rice seedlings grown in polypropylene spunbonded fabric condition was shorter (17cm) but healthier than those in polyethylene mm (23cm). The estimated possible nursery periods using the polypropylene spunbonded fabric covering may start from April 1 at Chinju (plain area in Southern Korea, 20m altitude) and April 15 at Susang (mountainous area, 430m altitude). Labour hours and cost were reduced by about 28% and 48%, respectively.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권9호
• /
• pp.293-304
• /
• 2020

The study reveals the extent of changes in selective financial numbers caused by fixed asset revaluation (FAR) and explores whether there was a management motive for playing the financial numbers game through using the FAR model. The data set consists of a sample of 142 listed companies purposively selected from 13 industries. The study found a significant impact of FAR on the net asset value (NAV), fixed asset intensity (FAI), and debt-to-equity ratio (DER). These findings are supported by the political cost and the debt covenant hypotheses. The study also observed a high growth of fixed assets by 9.5% to 14,603.8% resulting from FAR. More revealing is that FAR increased NAV in revaluer companies by an average of 427.20% as compared to 6.86% in non-revaluer companies. Even some companies with negative NAV took resort on FAR to show positive NAV. Besides, revaluer companies managed to reduce their DER by 70.45% as opposed to an increase of 8.45% in non-revaluer companies. Hence, the study concludes that most of the publicly-listed companies are involved in financial numbers game by the use of the FAR model. To build confidence among investors, companies should practice FAR rightly and disclose related information to help reduce information asymmetry.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.219-224
• /
• 1997

The cloging phenomenon in the fixed film reactor Is shown when biomass growth Is excessive for long operating time. In addition, effluent water Quality gets worse because of detachment of biomass. In this study, we conducted air-backwashing to sustain biomass In reactor to complement these defects. The results of experimental are showed In the following conclusion. The detachment rate was 19.5 - 38.0% when the organic loading rate was 0.40 - 1.32 kg COD/$m^3$/day, the k - backwashing Intensity was 2 L/min(6.7 $m^3$/$m^2$/hrl and the backwashing time was 15 - 19 seconds. And the detachment rate was 32.2 - 58.6 % when the organic loading rate was 1.37 - 2.27 kg COD/$m^2$/day, the backwashing time was 1 - 12 minutes. As orgnic loading rate and backwashing time ale Increased, detachment of fixed biomass Is Increased. The detachment equation with detachment rate(DR, %), backwashing time(BWT, min), fixed biomass concentration(FB. mg/L), and organic leading rate(OLR, kg COD/ms/day) through multiple linear regession was given by the following equation: DR : 17.964 $BWT^{0.1407} FB^{0.0597} OLR^{0.1946}$

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지진공학회 2001년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall 2001
• /
• pp.331-338
• /
• 2001

Seismic performances of the base isolated model of Five Story Stone Pagoda were studied through shaking table tests. Friction pendulum system (FPS), Pure-friction system with laminated rubber bearing (LRB) and Ball with rubber bearing were selected fur the comparison of performances. Performances of specially designed isolation systems were tested dynamically using shaking table. The test results of isolated model are compared with those of fixed base model. Compared with fixed base model, the isolated model showed that it could withstand much higer intensity of earthquake motion. The Effective Peak Ground Acceleration (EPGA) value of isolated model when the top component tipped over was above twice of that value in case of fixed base model. According to the additional test results, the lower value of coefficient of friction than that of common frictional base isolation systems is more effective to protect the piled multi-block system of Pagoda against moderate intesity of ground motion.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제49권4호
• /
• pp.697-706
• /
• 2022

The effect of varied light intensities on the growth of daughter plants during propagation and after transplant to raised beds were examined in 'Sulhyang' strawberry. To this end, four treatments in controlling solar radiation inside a plastic house were made: 55% retractable shading and 35, 55, and 75% fixed shading. The plastic house was shaded only from 11:00 to 16:00 in June and 10:00 to 16:00 in July to September for the treatment of 55% retractable shading. The mean solar radiation inside the plastic house in the retractable 55% shading treatment was 317 W·m^-2 and those in the 35, 55, and 75% fixed shading treatments were 183, 165, and 116 W·m^-2, respectively, at 10 o'clock in the morning. The 55% and 75% fixed shading resulted in taller daughter plants with wider leaf areas than 55% retractable shading. The retractable shading also showed higher leaf numbers, crown diameters, root weights, and fresh weights compared to fixed shading treatments. Regarding the inorganic element contents, daughter plants grown under 75% fixed shading had 1.35% total nitrogen content followed by 1.19% in 35% fixed shading, 1.14% in 55% fixed shading, 1.14% in open culture, and 1.10% in 55% fixed shading. After 54 days following the transplant of daughter plants to a raised bed, the fresh weight of the aboveground part was the heaviest in the 55% retractable shading and non-shading treatments. The 75% fixed shading treatment had the lowest fresh weight of the aboveground plant parts. The results of this study could be used for the production of high-quality daughter strawberry plants.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제17권12호
• /
• pp.3105-3114
• /
• 1993

previously, several basic studies in the experimental analysis of stress intensity factors of cracks by slab analogy have been presented by authors. But, for the application of above mentioned method to the analysis of the arbitrarily distributed cracks, there still is several bottlenecks to be overcome in terms of its experimental process and data treatment. Moreover, authors recently proposed an improved experimental method to use the fixed slab analogy device which has promised more accurate measurement of S.I.F. of small cracks. In this paper, for the completion of slab analogy analysis of distributed cracks, a grating imaginary rotation method is introduced. And, to prove its validity, this combined method is applied to the determination of stress intensity factors of theoretically known distributed cracks. The results show good agreement with the existing theoretical solutions and physical crack propagation tendencies.

• 소음진동
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.761-768
• /
• 1999

This paper presents an NVH test of Automotive power steering system performed at a half-car Test-rig. The test was done for neutral and full turn(or relief) conditions in steering wheel at a fixed rpm first, then followed by the same conditions for the rpm run-up. The sound intensity measurement verified the results from the frequency and order analysis, especially about the identification of major noise sources and their dominant frequencies. The results from thie study can be utilized in the system noise tuning when a new steering component is installed. In particular, the noise and vibration reduction at the relief condition will be accomplished through the knowledge obtained from this study and from the on-going research on the hose tuning techniques usign silencers and tuning cable inserted in the pressure hose.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
• /
• 한국자기학회 2002년도 동계연구발표회 논문개요집
• /
• pp.50-51
• /
• 2002

최근 실온에서 약 40％ 이상의 높은 자기저항(magnetoresistance, MR)을 나타내는 자기 터널 접합(magnetic tunnel junction, MTJ)이 보고되면서 비휘발성 자기메모리로의 응용을 눈앞에 두고 있다.[1]. 이에 본 실험에서는 Substrate / Ta (base electrode) / NiFe / PtMn (AF pinning layer) / CoFe (pinned) / Ru / CoFe (fixed) / Al-O/ CoFe (free) / NiFe (free) / Ta & Ru (Capping Layer)과 같은 MTJ 증착 구조를 사용하여, MTJ의 보다 향상된 특성을 확보하기 위한 노력으로서 Al-O 두께, 어닐링 조건(Field Intensity ＆ Sequence)변화 등을 시도하였다. (중략)