• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.724-743
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• 2000

One of the biggest clinical problems of osseointegrated implant prosthesis is the excessive stress caused by bite forces which are transfered directly into the bone through the osseointegrated implant fixtures. So several biodynamic problems occur when there is an excessive fatigue stress. The factors of stress distribution are the number, kind, position, arrangement of the implants, and the distance between the implants, and the kind, quality of superstructure prosthesis and connection type between the rest implant and the superstructure. Recently, a distal short additional implant, socalled rest implant, is employed to reduced the stresses in conventional cantilevered prostheses. This study was undertaken to analyze the stresses transfered by osseointegrated implant cantilevered prostheses depending upon the number and the position of implants, the presence of rest implant, and the type of their connection. Three dimensional finite element analysis was attempted using ANSIS ver. 5.3 program under IBM INDIGO computer. The results were as follows : 1. The rest implant influenced on the pattern of stress distribution on the anterior area of the mandible and the superstructure. 2. In the group employing the rest implants, the fixed type of connection between the rest implant and the superstructure was more stable than the ball attachment type on the stress distribution. 3. In the group employing the ball attachment between the rest implant and the superstructure, the case with 4-implants(on canine, premolar) was little more stable than the case with 6-implants and the case with 4-implants(on incisor, premolar) on the stress distribution. 4. In the cantilevered group, the case with 4-implants(on incisor, premolar) and the case with 6-implants were more stable than the case with 4-implants(on canine, premolar) on the stress distribution. 5. In all of the group, the case with 6-implants and the fixed type of connection was the most stable and the case with 4-implants (on canine, premolar) was the most unstable on the stress distribution.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2003

Dispersion pattern for adult citrus red mite (CRM), Panonychus citri (McGregor) using by Taylor's power law (TPL) and Iwao's patchiness regression (IPR) was determined to develop a monitoring method on citrus orchards, on Jeju, in Autumn season, during 2001 and 2002.CRM population was sampled by collecting leaves and fruits. The relationships of CRM adults between leaf and fruit were analyzed by different season. The regression equation for CRM adults between leaf (X) and fruit (Y) was ln(Y+1) : 1.029 ln(X+1) ( $r^2$ : 0.80). The density of CRM was higher on fruit than on leaf according to fruit maturing level. TPL provided better description of mean-variance relation-ship for the dispersion indices compared to IPR. Slopes and intercepts of TPL from leaf and fruit samples did not differ between sample units and surveyed years. Fixed-precision levels (D) of a sequential sampling plan were developed using Taylor's power law parameters generated from adults of CRM in leaf sample. Sequential sampling plans for adults of CRM were developed for decision making CRM population level based on the different action threshold levels (2.0,2.5 and 3.0 mites per leaf) with 0.25 precision. The maximum number of trees and required number of trees sampled on fixed sample size plan on 2.0,2.5 and 3.0 thresholds with 0.25 precision level were 19, 16 and 15 and their critical values T$_{critical}$ at were 554,609 and 659, respectively. were 554,609 and 659, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.13-24
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• 2013

With the increase of visitors to rural tourism villages, the direct selling at sites is getting vitalized. Accordingly, their display stores is getting more important. Therefore, this study has selected 30 domestic rural tourism villages as study objects for the attitude survey of 200 farming suppliers and the site examination for the designs of those display stores in order to analyze their status and classify the types of necessity. Such operation status as sale item, sale method, method of supply and demand, major customer, sales scale, manager, opening hour, and operation cost were examined, to identity and for design factors the pattern, material quality and color were investigated. For the attitude of farming suppliers, the tactics of sales, the reason for being positive or negative, the functionality and the features of display stores were examined through brainstorming. IBM SPSS Statistics 20 Program was employed for Frequency, which indicated that village chiefs and store managers with the sales scale of 1 to 20 million won are dealing with female customers in their 40's and 50's and that those stores are open at the time of experience or year round without any operation expense. Permanent type and Fixed type were found to be the design factors of the display-case type with the material and the color of wood and orange respectively. The result of investigation analysis of farming suppliers' attitude showed the followings: the need of display stores is quite high, structure type and permanent type have high fitness and from the viewpoint of display-on-table type as a standard moving type was very convenient. The analysis of significant items at the characteristics of those display stores revealed that their locations, quality conservation, sanitation, users' convenience, designs and promotion are very important. The result of status analysis revealed that though there is a correlation among the types of display stores depending on the visiting season of tourists their installing is not desirable. Three types have been analyzed: Type 1 is a structure type only in the villages with continuous visitors, Type 2 a moving-table type only in the villages with temporary visitors and Type 3 is a fixed display-case type.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.142-156
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze observation characteristics through eye movement according to cognitive style. For this, developed observation task that can be shown the difference between wholistic cognitive style group and analytic cognitive style group, measured eye movement of university students who has different cognitive style, as given observation task. It is confirmed the difference between two cognitive style groups by analysing gathered statistics and visualization data. The findings of this study were as follows; First, Compared observation sequence and pattern by cognitive style, analytic cognitive style group is concerned with spider first and moving on surrounding environment, whereas wholistic cognitive style group had not fixed pattern as observing spider itself and surrounding area of spider alternately or looking closely on particular part at first. When observing entire feature and partial feature, wholistic cognitive style group was moving on Fixation from outstanding factor without fixed pattern, analytic cognitive style had certain directivity and repetitive investigation. Second, compared the ratio of observation, analytic cognitive style group gave a large part to spider the very thing, wholistic cognitive style group gave weight to surrounding area of spider, and analytic group shown higher concentration on observing partial feature, wholistic cognitive style group shown higher concentration on observing wholistic feature. Wholistic cognitive style group gave importance to partial features in surrounding area, and wholistic feature of spider than analytic cognitive style group, analytic cognitive style group was focus on partial features of spider than wholistic cognitive style group. Through the result of this study, there are differences of observing time, frequency, object, area, sequence, pattern and ratio from cognitive styles. It is shown the reason why each student has varied outcome, from the difference of information following their cognitive style, and the result of this study help to figure out and give direction to what observation fulfillment is suitable for each student.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.218-224
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• 2004

We compared rest perfusion PET with redistribution perfusion SPECT to investigate the concordant rate between PET and SPECT images and analyze the discordant pattern. Materials and Methods: Rest N-13 ammonia and F-18 FDG PET were performed on 18 patients with old myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction whose dipyridamole - 4hr redistribution TI-201 SPECT showed one or more severe fixed defects. Regional perfusion and metabolism were evaluated visually and quantitatively with 5-segment myocardial model. Results: There were high concordant rate in uptake pattern (80/90 segments, 88.9%) and high correlation coefficient on quantitative analysis (R=0.81, p<0.001) between redistribution TI-201 SPECT and N-13 ammonia PET images. Nine of 18 patients had SPECT-PET concordant pattern (Group I). Ten segments (9 in inferior wall, 1 in apex) from the remaining 9 patients showed SPECT-PET discordant pattern with abnormal TI-201 defect and near normal N-13 ammonia uptake (Group II). The diastolic and systolic left ventricular dimensions were significantly increased in Group II compared to those of Group I. When attenuation uncorrected N-13 ammonia PET images were reconstructed in Group II, it resulted in PET images with severe inferior wall defects nearly identical to those seen in redistribution TI-201 SPECT images. Conclusion: Redistribution TI-201 SPECT images showed high concordant rate and correlation with rest N-13 ammonia PET images. Most of discordant segments had fixed thallium defects in inferior wall with nearly normal N-13 ammonia uptake, which may result from severe left ventricular dilatation and attenuation by the left hemidiaphragm and cardiac blood pool.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.5
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• pp.96-107
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• 2012

In ancient times, immigrants from Baekje wore various kinds of costumes that provided technological and aesthetic guidance for the Japanese costume, which has been modified and changed in Japan. The clothing and ornaments were strongly influenced directly by costumes of the Baekje period; therefore, many of the Japanese costumes at that time were crafted in the Baekje style. Through the antique records, paintings of tombs and bequests, we were able to find similarities between Baekje and Japan costumes in these categories: clothes, headgear, belt hooks and belt plaques, bronze shoes, and ornaments. (1) Clothes : They wore high-shaped hat and jacket and trousers(;袴) tied the bottom. (2) Headgear : There was a gilt bronze Conical Cap attached to the long tube with terminals in the shape of a hemisphere. (3) Belt hooks and belt plaques: There were horse-shaped belt hooks in mane styles and a checkered pattern on the lower part of the haunch and a belt Plaque shaped like the face of an animal. (4) Gilt bronze shoes: They were made with the style that had two side plates fixed in the instep side and heel-side. (5) Ornaments : They were made with flower-shaped plaques and spiral-shaped decorations. One earring was made with a three-winged pendent that were connected in a chain style and the others were in unique forms that were made by connecting narrow rings and a heart-shaped pendent.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.946-952
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• 2014

Mobility prediction is one of hot topics using location history information. It is useful for not only user-level applications such as people finder and recommendation sharing service but also for system-level applications such as hand-off management, resource allocation, and quality of service of wireless services. Most of current prediction techniques often use a set of significant locations without taking into account possible location information changes for prediction. Markov-based, LZ-based and Prediction by Pattern Matching techniques consider interesting locations to enhance the prediction accuracy, but they do not consider interesting location changes. In our paper, we propose an algorithm which integrates the changing or emerging new location information. This approach is based on Active LeZi algorithm, but both of new location and all possible location contexts will be updated in the tree with the fixed depth. Furthermore, the tree will also be updated even when there is no new location detected but the expected route is changed. We find that our algorithm is adaptive to predict next location. We evaluate our proposed system on a part of Dartmouth dataset consisting of 1026 users. An accuracy rate of more than 84% is achieved.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.333-348
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• 2013

Mobile authentication/identification has grown into a priority issue nowadays because of its existing outdated mechanisms, such as PINs or passwords. In this paper, we introduce gait recognition by using a mobile accelerometer as not only effective but also as an implicit identification model. Unlike previous works, the gait recognition only performs well with a particular mobile specification (e.g., a fixed sampling rate). Our work focuses on constructing a unique adaptive mechanism that could be independently deployed with the specification of mobile devices. To do this, the impact of the sampling rate on the preprocessing steps, such as noise elimination, data segmentation, and feature extraction, is examined in depth. Moreover, the degrees of agreement between the gait features that were extracted from two different mobiles, including both the Average Error Rate (AER) and Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICC), are assessed to evaluate the possibility of constructing a device-independent mechanism. We achieved the classification accuracy approximately $91.33{\pm}0.67%$ for both devices, which showed that it is feasible and reliable to construct adaptive cross-device gait recognition on a mobile phone.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.175-183
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• 1991

To examine the Royal evening party in the Man Kyoung Jeon, the authors studied“Jin Chan Eui Gue”, which is a historical record published in 1887(King Go-Jong) The results obtained from the study were as follows. 1. The dining tables were divided into two : fixed arranging tables(7) and taking-away tables. 2. There were no distribution of food and flowers to the attendants in the evening party. 3. Tables used in the evening party were all round tables. 4. According to the status or class of the attendant, the pattern or size of table settings were differentiated in the kinds of food, hights of food, flowers china ware etc. 5. All of the arrangements in the evening party were the same as those of the main party. 6. In the arrangements of tables for the King's Grand Mother, the hights of food on the dishes were as following levels, 1 dish : 9 chon(촌) 7 dishes : 7 chon(촌) 4 dishes : 6 chon(촌) 3 dishes : 5 chon(촌)

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.15 no.1 s.45
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• pp.61-76
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• 2006

The stage is ceremonial and legendary space unlike the ordinary world. Performance is not simply scrip-staged, but spatial art based on tempo that transmits extreme condition. The stage art is a visual art combined with stage settings, lighting, customs and the like. I exemplify the stage of Middle Age and Renaissance in the history of the art of public performance and so I review that what meditative functions each stage perform and that as what pattern of media it can be conceptualized. In this thesis, I divide the places of public performance Into the spaces of proscenium and polygon and also set up the concepts of hot and cool that McLuhan presents for each space. So, the degree of participation could be different according to the distinction of quantity of information, which is communication following the patterns of spaces. The basis of public performance might be the communication between co-actors and audiences. Since the sense of the art of public performance is the art in the process of establishing the meaning based on the communication with co-actors, it is not a confirmed and fixed one, but rather a reflexive one that can be created and changed continuously. Therefore, audiences should be regarded as the subjects, who are making the art of public performance with co-actors.