• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.105-111
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• 1982

These studies were undertaken to elucidate the reasons for the low productivity of ginseng by comparing the rate of $CO_2$-fixation and photorespiration, variation in the amounts of intermediates and enzyme activities of glycolate oxidase and catalase in ginseng with those of potato. The ability of $CO_2$-fixation in ginseng was found to be one half of that of potato and there were significant differences between those two plants in the rate of $^{14}C$ incorporated into glutamate, aspartate, malate and 3-PGA, but little differences in P-glycolate, glycolate, serine and glycine. The ratio of photorespiration to dark respiration and the activities of glycolate oxidase and catalase in the two species were about same, but ginseng showed higher ratio in photorespiration to total $CO_2$-fixation than potato did. These results indicated that the low productivity of ginseng may resulted from the low $CO_2$-fixation ability and high rate of photorespiration.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.398-404
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 노인 여성의 약화된 천장관절 안정화를 위하여 비탄력 고정식 벨트를 적용하여 균형 능력과 낙상예방에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 노인 여성들은 출산과 폐경으로 천장관절의 약화 및 골반 주위근육들의 약화로 인하여 균형능력의 감소와 낙상위험률이 증가된다. 그러나 이와 관련된 연구는 불충분하다. 연구 대상자들은 실험군과 대조군으로 각각 20명씩 무작위로 배정하였으며, 비탄력 고정식 벨트를 실험군에게 적용한 후 균형 측정기를 사용하여 균형능력과 낙상 위험률을 평가하였다. 또한 비탄력 고정식 벨트를 적용한 실험군에서 하복부근육의 근두께를 초음파기기를 사용하여 실험 전후에 측정하였다. 통계방법은 연구대상자의 일반적 특성을 위하여 독립 t-검정, 균형 및 낙상지수를 위하여 $2{\times}2$ 반복 측정 분산분석 및 근두께를 위하여 짝비교 t-검정을 사용하였다. 두 그룹의 교호작용 효과는 안정성 지수(F1,38=47.24, p=0.001), 퓨리에 지수(F1,38=88.83, p=0.001), 체중분포 지수(F1,38=50.21, p=0.001) 및 낙상 지수(F1,38=21.59, p=0.001)에서 모두 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났다. 또한 비탄력 고정식 벨트를 적용한 결과 실험 후 복횡근(p=0.001)과 내복사근(p=0.001)의 근두께는 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다. 노인 여성들의 약화된 천장관절의 강화 및 안정화 방법으로 비탄력 고정식 벨트는 균형 및 낙상 예방에 긍정적이며 용이성, 보편성 및 경제적으로 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2000

Effect of fixation methods on the flame retardant(FR) and performance properties of MDPPA/HMM treated cotton fabrics were studied. Combination of three different fixation methods - premercerization, swelling agent treatment, pad dry cure fixation, and wet fixation - were applied to flame retardant finish of cotton with MDPPA/HMM. As a result, an increase in internal volume of cotton fiber by pre-mercerization and addition of swelling agent, and wet fixation increased %add-on of FR agent improving FR efficiency and wash fastness. Tensile strength of MDPPA/HMM treated cotton fabrics by wet fixation and swelling agent were slightly decreased, but that of premercerized cotton was improved. Wet fixated fabric showed lower bending rigidity and better compressional properties which improved fabric hand. Retention of swelling ability of cotton treated with MDPPA/HMM improved moisture absorption properties.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2009

To investigate the strong and effective sericin fixing agents and conditions, raw silk fibers were treated with the mixtures of urea-formalin, thiourea-formalin and melamine-formalin as sericin fixing agents, respectively. And the treated raw silk fibers were degummed by the degumming liquors of alkaline detergent and sodium carbonate to confirm the hardness of sericin fixation. The weight of raw silk fibers was decreased in the process of sericin fixation treating at 80$^{\circ}C$ for 60min. The effective sericin fixation was obtained by treating at $60{\sim}80^{\circ}C$ for 15min with the mixture of melamine and formalin. The mixture of melamine and formalin showed an outstanding ability of sericin fixation because the three amino groups of melamine were able to cross-link the hydroxy amino acids of sericin such as serine with the assistance of formalin.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2008

Improvement of $N_2$ fixation by symbiotic rhizobia is considered an effective means for enhancing its productivity without high input of nitrogen(N) fertilizer. Several methods to improve $N_2$ fixation have been proposed including the use of supernodulating mutants. The objective of this research was to identify the varietal difference in N and $N_2$-fixation ability among the soybean supernodulating mutants, SS2-2 and Sakukei 4, with different nodulation abilities using $^{15}N$ in field conditions in both Korea and Japan. The dry weight(DW) was higher in wild-type soybeans. The distribution rate of DW in each plant part was high in seeds of supernoduating and wild-type soybeans but high in stems and leaves of non-nodulating mutants. Although the supernodulating mutants had a low DW rate at maturity, they showed a similar $N_2$ fixation ability compared with wild-type. Supernodulating mutant plants mainly obtained N from $N_2$ fixation, while soil N was the main resource for obtaining N in non-nodulating mutants. The percentage of N derived from atmospheric dinitrogen(Ndfa) was higher in supernodulating mutants than in wild-type and relatively high in seeds between plant parts at maturity. In particular, supernodulating mutants showed higher N content in roots than those of wild-type and non-nodulating mutants. It was considered that supernodulating mutants have the advantage of saving nitrate in soil and being beneficial for N absorption of subsequent crops due to their conserving more N in the field and releasing considerable amounts of N from roots and leaves fallen to the soil.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2003

Effect of fixation methods and relaxation treatment on the flame retardant(FR) and physical properties of MDPP/HMM treated cotton weft-knitted fabrics were studied. Combination of four different fixation methods - relaxation, swelling agent treatment, pad dry cure fixation, and wet fixation - were applied to flame retardant finish of cotton weft-knitted fabric with MDPP/HMM. As the results, 1. Swelling agent and wet fixation method helps FR agent penetrate the fiber efficiently. Interlock showed relatively higher values of LOI than single jersey. 2. Interlock showed relatively higher values of bending rigidity(B), shear rigidity(G) and coefficient of friction(MIU) than those of single jersey before and after flame resistant treatment. 3. An increase in internal volume of cotton fiber by relaxation treatment increased the bending rigidity(B), shear rigidity(G) and compressional energy(WC). 4. The cotton weft-knitted fabric treated wet fixation, which crossliked FR agent efficiently, showed higher bending rigidity, shear rigidity(G) and lower compressional energy(WC). Retention of swelling ability of cotton weft-knitted fabrics treated with MDPP/HMM, which increased the internal volume of cotton weft-knitted fabric, showed lower bending rigidity.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.257-266
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• 1987

Investigation on the ability of nitrogen usage by N2-fixing Nostoc muscorum and cultured tobacco cells when they were associately cultured on nitrogen-free media was carried out. Also, effect of polyamines on the associated cultured condition was carried out. In addition, morphological changes of N. muscorum and cultured tobacco cells in associate culture were observed to detect the possibility of induction of nitrogen fixing ability on cultued plant cells. The activity of nitrogenase increased markedly when N. muscorum was grown exclusively on nitrogen-free media. When N. muscorum was cultured associately with cultured tobacco cells on nitrogen-free media containing polyamines, high activity was detected in 10-4 M spermine treated group. Investigation on the change of polyamine amounts showed two times increase in spermidine and eight times increase in spermine on a associate culture. These effects of associated culture were shown through morphological change such as dense loclization of N. muscorum around the cultured tobacco cells as well as inside the cells. These results indicate the viability of N. muscorum in cultured tobacco cells and possible induction of nitrogen fixation ability by symbiosis.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2007

Although many children with cerebral palsy have problems with their eye movements available data on its intervention is minimal. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the postural movement normalization and eye movement program on the oculomotor ability of children with cerebral palsy. Twenty-four children with cerebral palsy (12 male and 12 female), aged between 10 and 12, were invited to partake in this study. The subjects were randomly allocated to two groups: an experimental group received the postural movement normalization and eye movement program and a control group which received conventional therapy without the eye movement program. Each subject received intervention three times a week for twelve weeks. The final measurement was the ocular motor computerized test before and after treatment sessions through an independent assessor. Differences between the experimental group and control group were determined by assessing changes in oculomotor ability using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The changes of visual fixation (p<.01), saccadic eye movement (p<.01) and pursuit eye movement (p<.01) were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. These results show that the postural movement normalization and eye movement program may be helpful to treat children with cerebral palsy who lose normal physical and eye movement.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2000년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.145-149
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• 2000

We performed the geotechnical experiments of the hydraulic conductivity and compressive strength test with the stabilized soil in the laboratory, proved that it is useful to use the stabilized soil as an alternative for natural clay soil. Also, for mixing adding materials in the stabilized soil, it was determined that 1) the optimal mixing ratio of cement : bentonite : stabilizing agent was 90:60:1 of mass ratio(kg) for 1㎥ with soil, 2) it was also possible to use low quality bentonite(B\circled2) classified by swelling grade because of little difference from results of the hydraulic conductivity and compressive strength test with high quality bentonite(B\circled1). According to the results of the fixation ability of heavy metals(Pb$^{2+}$, Cu$^{2+}$, Cd$^{2+}$, Zn$^{2+}$) with soil and additives, authors can conclude that the higher pH condition had the more removal efficiency of heavy metals. B\circled1 and cement had especially high removal efficiency of heavy metals in a whole pH because of high alkalinity.alinity.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 1996

The experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of phosphate fertilizer level on growth, crude protein content and nitrogen fixation ability of alfalfa(Medicugo sariva L.) at sowing year. The experimental field was conducted using a randomized block design with three replications according to the phosphate application level (200 and 400kfia) in farm of Kongju National University. Research samples were collected at intervals of 7 days from October 7 to December 9 and nitrogen fixation activity of nodule was measured by using the acetylene reduction method (Hardy et al. 1968). The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. Number of branches, root length and dry matter weight at phosphate fertilizer level of 400kg in sowing year were more increase than those of 200kfia. The number of nodules was not significantly difference between phosphate fertilizer level, because of low temperature to be enough to nodulation of alfalfa. 2. The crude protein content of leaf, stem and root were not significantly affected by the phosphate fertilizer level. but that of leaf was increased at 400kgha on 72 days after sowing. The crude protein content of each part according to growing stages was increased at 44 days and 72 days after sowing. 3. The dry weight of root was not significantly difference between phosphate fertilizer level from 30 days to 51 days after sowing, but that was increased at phosphate fertilizer level of 400kgha from 51 days afier sowing. 4. The amount of ethylene in the samples taken 2 hours and calculated amount of nitrogen fixation were increased at phosphate fertilizer level of 400kfia from 30 days to 65 days after sowing. but there was vice versa from 58 days after sowing.