• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.625-629
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• 2013

The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene is related to the plumage color variations in chicken. Initially, the MC1R gene from 30 individuals was sequenced and nine polymorphisms were obtained. Of these, three and six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were confirmed as synonymous and nonsynonymous mutations, respectively. Among these, three selected SNPs were genotyped using the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method in 150 individuals from five chicken breeds, which identified the plumage color responding alleles. The neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree using MC1R gene sequences indicated three well-differentiated different plumage pigmentations (eumelanin, pheomelanin and albino). Also, the genotype analyses indicated that the TT, AA and GG genotypes corresponded to the eumelanin, pheomelanin and albino plumage pigmentations at nucleotide positions 69, 376 and 427, respectively. In contrast, high allele frequencies with T, A and G alleles corresponded to black, red/yellow and white plumage color in 69, 376 and 427 nucleotide positions, respectively. Also, amino acids changes at position Asn23Asn, Val126Ile and Thr143Ala were observed in melanin synthesis with identified possible alleles, respectively. In addition, high haplotype frequencies in TGA, CGG and CAA haplotypes were well discriminated based on the plumage pigmentation in chicken breeds. The results obtained in this study can be used for designing proper breeding and conservation strategies for the Korean native chicken breeds, as well as for the developing breed identification markers in chicken.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.11-27
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop highly valued fashion cultural items using Korean face and human images to enhance global competition. The methods of this study include: historical study on the face/human images which appear on the dress; design by stage according to Lamb & Kallal's apparel design process; development of products using digital textile printing technology; and case study by objective evaluation through Grant's alpha-beta model. The procedure and the results of this study are as follows: First, in the problem identification stage, the need to develop fashion cultural products of Korean face/human images which are symbolic, aesthetic, and functional was recognized in order to enhance global competition. Second, in the preliminary idea stage, the fashion cultural products and the components that meet the above 3 standards for design were determined and first design was drawn up. The source of the design was extrapolated from face/human images, which appeared on the murals of the ancient Korea, the portraits and custom paintings from the Chosun Dynasty. From these images, a total of 7 design series of T-shirts with an "ULGUL" logo, scarves, and artwalls were developed using "obangsaek" which are five Korean traditional colors including red, blue, black. white, and yellow on cottons and silks. Third, in the design refinement stage, based on the preference survey, more varying design methods were used to develop 25 new designs. Fourth, in prototype development stage, based on the preference survey conducted on fashion professionals and general public from the previous stage, which showed preference for T-shirts and scarves, 3 designs on T-shirts and 2 designs on scarves were printed and produced using the DTP (Digital Textile Printing). Fifth, in the evaluation stage, Grant's alpha-beta model was used to perform comparative evaluation on the symbolic, aesthetic, and functional criteria of the new designs over the existing ones. The new designs received excellent results in all three criteria and a special recognition was given to symbolism of the new designs.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.595-602
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the status of the utilization of internet and dietary information by elementary school dietitians (total = 201) The results were summarized as follows: All subjects used the internet regularly and the major purpose they mentioned for using it was ″data search″ (72.3％). Those having a frequency of using the internet 6 to 7 times per week were 46.7％ of the subjects and the majority indicated the duration of their use of the internet was ″〈 2 hours″ (68.5％). They mainly used the internet at ″school″ (81.8％) , and their favorite search engines were ″Daum″ (41.1％) and ″Yahoo″ (34.7％). They stated that the organization that offered reliable internet information were those ″related to society and organizations″ (36.9％) and ″educational institutions″ (33.8％). Ninety-five percent of the subjects searched for dietary information mainly ″for public affairs″ (80.0％) Their degree of satisfaction when searching for information was high (78.7％). Those dissatisfied with internet sites when searching for dietary information give the following reasons: ″poor information″ (39.1％) and ″slow updates″ (25.4％). They acquired information on nutrition and health management mainly through ″the internet″ (63.6％) The most frequently requested information about public affairs was on ″Materials for nutritional education″ (38.6％) and ″up-to-date nutritional information″ (16.0％) . The desirable update periods for websites was ″1 -3 months″ (51.8％) and ″ < 1 month″ (30.6％), and the favorite site colors were ″blue″ (37.8％) and ″green″ (37.8％). The results of this study showed that, although the internet usage was high, the dietitians were dissatisfied with the information obtained. Therefore, the information donors should find out what kind of dietary information is needed by elementary school dietitians. (Korean J Community Nutrition 8(4) : 595-602, 2003)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze external elements of 'time series table serving' and to discover any problems in the table setting. We selected two traditional Korean restaurants in five-star hotels and two representative traditional Korean style restaurants and analyzed the tableware arrangement of their table settings. The results are as follows. In restaurant A, the arrangement of different styles of tableware made from a variety of materials seemed relatively natural. However, the dessert plates were 'Buncheong' ware made with 'Bakji' method; in this case, the pattern was larger than the size of the fruits served and made the food inconspicuous. Rather than using plates made with a 'bakji' method, using plates with small patterns in the 'johwa' method would complement the food. In restaurant B, the space between the tableware, spoon and chopsticks was narrow, and the spoon and chopsticks sets would not fit on the table pads when large dishes or multiple dishes were served. In this case, changing the dishes to smaller sized dishes, considering the size of the table pad, or not using the pad at all would solve the issue. In restaurant C, too many small dishes were laid on the table, making it look disorderly. We believe that recovering tableware that is no longer in use, laying dishes and cutlery inside of the table pads or not using the table pad would be better. In restaurant D, the same style and color of dishes were provided 9 times. The lack of variety could be tedious to customers. The forms and colors of dishes should be changed in accordance with the order of the meal served. However, when using tableware created by different methods such as 'Buncheong' ware or white porcelain, the same pattern should be chosen in order to elevate the dignity of the table menu through uniformity. These issues in tableware arrangement indicate that external forms of banquet table setup should be studied so that the culture of Korean traditional cuisine can be enriched.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 1985

The author carried out experiments to find out the response of rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus (TEMMINCK et SCHLEGEL) and sea bass, Epinephelus septemfasciatus (THUNBERG) to the color nettings. The experimental water tank(180L$\times$50W$\times$55Hcm) was set up n a dark room and water level was maintained 50cm high from the bottom. The tank was devided three longitudinal sections marking 60 cm interval. The illumination systems, consisted of 20 watt fluorescent lamps and filter, were suspended adove the tank. Two different color nettings selected from five colors (red, yellow, green, blue, black) were placed in each end section of the tank. Ten fish were used in each experiment and the fish were acclimatized in the dark for 60 minutes before experiment. After the light on, the number of fish in each section of the tank was counted in every 30 seconds interval for 30 minutes. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The rock bream selected the color nettings in the order of yellow, black, blue, green and red. 2. The sea bass selected the color nettings in the order of green, black, red, blue and yellow.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.782-790
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aims to develop menu for tofu, which will satisfy a variety of needs of people by harmonizing tofu and other ingredients. Methods: In the present study, the standard recipes were made for tofu menu development by improving the existing recipes like Dubu-seon, Dubu-kimchi, Dubu-jeongol, and Sundubu-jjigae (soft tofu stew). Based on newly developed recipes, the nutritional analysis was conducted using the analyzing program of the Korean Nutrition Society (CAN-Pro 4.0). Food styling was devised considering the shape and color of plates, layout, and color harmony. Table design was devised empirically employing tablecloth, napkin, dinnerware, glasses, cutlery, centerpiece, and figures. Results: Food styling of Dubu-seon was devised by improving the visual aspect, using Korean traditional five cardinal colors. It turns out that the improvised version of Dubu-seon (prepared following the new recipe) can satisfy 15.1% of amount of recommended dietary fiber intake per day for both male and female adults. In case of Dubu-kimchi, the dish was developed as a one-dish meal by supplementing protein and improving food styling. Beef was added in a form of a meatballs which is especially preferred by children. However, the amount of salt was reduced due to the strong and spicy taste of kimchi itself, resulting in 32% of daily intake of sodium. Dubu-jeongol was also improvised by reducing protein content, and more vegetables were added. Food styling was also improved. Concerning Sundubu-jjigae, protein was supplemented by addition of mushrooms rather than the existing way of adding shellfish. The sodium content was 133.88 mg, which is merely 10% of daily intake. Conclusion: With the new developments in tofu menus, new food styling, and table design, this study aims to contribute towards the rise in sales in the food service industry in terms of being used as basic and critical data.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.70-79
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• 2015

This study was carried out to analyze deterioration characteristics of color-pigments painted Hanji to preserve and restore the cultural properties. On the traditional painting technique, glue was used with pigments in various ways for painting, but it eventually caused the deterioration of paintings. Thus, five colors were selected and analyzed for this study for investigating their characteristics of deteriration. Three kinds of glues (Wugyo, Nokgyo, and Togyo) and two kinds of pigments (Chinese and Gilsang) were painted on the Hanji for the accelerated aging test. And then color fastness of pigments and tensile strength of painted Hanji were measured for the estimation of deterioration degree. The results of SEM-EDS showed that Chinese pigments including blue, yellow, green, and red were composed of inorganic substances but the brown was organic substance. Gilsang pigments were composed mainly of Si and Ti ions. Color fastness of the Gilsang pigment blue, yellow, green, and brown were better than those of Chinese. Chinese pigment brown with organic substance showed the worst color fastness. Generally, Chinese pigments painted Hanji showed higher tensile strength than Gilsang in the accelerated aging test. Hanji treated with Chinese pigment and Nokgyo (antler glue) blends and Gilsang pigment and Togyo (rabbit pelt glue) blends showed higher tensile strength than the others. And Andong Hanji showed the highest tensile strength.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.223-230
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• 2007

Vitellaria paradoxa commonly called shea is an important agro forestry and fruit-bearing species present in four agro-ecological zones of Cameroon. The goal of this work was the morphological characterization of certain populations of V. paradoxa which will serve as a necessary step for a subsequent genetic study of the species. Morphological observations related to 20 agronomic traits, studied on 8-13 trees selected from each of the eight shea populations across four different agro-ecological zones located in four provinces of Cameroon were studied. The study showed that there was a variation between the populations, related to the traits measured on the trunk, fruit, nut, and leaf. Three shapes of the tree(ball, broom, and trained), five shapes of the fruit(round, oblong, reversed pear, ovoid, and oblong), three colors of the nut(clear brown, dark brown, and blackish brown) were identified. The principal component analysis(PCA) carried out on the quantitative characters revealed 72% of the total variance expressed on the first and second main axis. This variation was essentially explained by the traits measured on the fruits and on the nuts. The analyses showed that only the traits of the fruits and the nuts were discriminative. The shea populations studied were structured into two distinct groups using these discriminative traits.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.5 s.207
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• pp.43-55
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• 2005

This research was designed to investigate and compare the characteristics of preferred clothing textiles for slacks and skirt of college students. One hundred five subjects majoring in fashion design were surveyed and the subjects selected three favorite materials among 120 samples presented in a swatch book. The subject's weighted frequencies were added tv order of preference. The results of this study were as follows: 1. In the spring and fall seasons, black twill cotton drill was preferred foremost as a textile for slacks, and medium gray basket weaved cotton pinhead with stripe pattern was preferred as a textile for skirts. 2. In summer, dark bluish gray plain linen crash was the most preferred material for slacks, and pale yellow plain linen tropical cloth was preferred for skirts. 3. In winter, olive gray cotton corduroy was the most favorite textile for slacks, and moderate brown twill wool hound check was preferred for the skirt. 4. In thickness and weight, textiles for winter were thicker and heavier than those chosen for other seasons, and textiles for skirts showed various thicknesses and weights as compared with those of slacks. 5. In fiber content, natural fibers such as cotton and wool were preferred for an seasons. 6. In the weave of textiles, twiu we,3ve was preferred for spring, fall and winter season, and plain weave was preferred for summer. 7 The most preferred colors for slacks were B and PB, and those for the skirts were YR and PB. For color characteristics, solid fabrics were generally preferred, and patterned fabrics were preferred for skirts as compared with slacks.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.122.2-122.2
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• 2011

For more than a decade, NEA (Near-Earth Asteroid) survey teams equipped with 1 meter-class telescopes discovered thousands of NEAs in the northern sky. As of August 2011, some 8,200 NEAs have been cataloged, yet only five percent of them has been investigated for their physical and chemical properties. In order to improve current situation, we propose a deep ecliptic survey utilizing KMTNet, for detection and characterization of NEAs in the southern sky. Thanks to the wide-field capability (four square degrees) of the telescopes, we will be able to considerably expand the search volume carrying out precision photometry down to 21.5th magnitude. We plan to focus our survey on opposition and two "sweet spots" in the ecliptic belt. Since SDSS colors characterize mineralogical properties of NEAs, g', r', i', z' filters will be employed. Based on the round-the-clock observation, we will study their rotational properties; for multiple systems, mass, density and other physical parameters can be obtained. We plan to maintain a dedicated database of the physical and mineralogical properties of NEAs. With this archive, it is expected that our understanding on the population will see a drastic change. We also plan to participate in the GAIA Follow-Up Network for ground based observation of the Solar System Objects (GAIA-FUN-SSO). The follow- up astrometry will be performed upon alerts issued by the GAIA-FUN-SSO Central Node in France.