• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.938-950
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• 2008

This study was to investigate if there were any significant relationships between cultural destination selection attributes and travel satisfaction according to segmented groups of cultural destination attributes. Survey questionnaire was developed based on the previous study and data were collected from on site survey, which was one of the famous cultural tourism destination in Korea such as Booyoe and Kongjoo. Six dimensions of cultural destination attributes were identified from factor analysis and three different segmented groups were determined from cluster analysis. Then, Multiple regression analysis conducted with six destination attributes as independent variables and one travel satisfaction as dependent variable, while Fisher's Z score for three segmented groups were considered as moderator's variable. The results showed that cultural destination attribute affected respondents' level of travel satisfaction and there was differences among segmented groups in terms of their affecting factors to the travel satisfaction. These findings suggested that there were different segmented groups of cultural destination selection attributes and each group pursued different cultural travel products and services.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.235-245
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• 1996

In this paper, we studied about several methods of testing hypothesis of correlation, specially Approximate method, Empirical method and Bootstrap method. The Approximate method is based on the Fisher's Z-transformation and the Empirical and Bootstrap methods approximate the distribution of the sample correlation coefficient by Monte Carlo simulation and Bootstrap technique, respectively. In order to compare how good these tests are, we computed powers under various alternatives. Consequently, we see that the Approximate test performs very well even if in small sample and all tests have almost the same power in large sample.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.44-55
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• 2019

This study was undertaken to examine changes in the performance of nurses before and after initial cardiac arrest, and compare the performance, confidence, and satisfaction between two groups: group 1, Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice simulation method; group 2, traditional simulation method. The participants were 122 nurses (group 1: 62, group 2: 60). Data were collected from March 18 to 29, 2019 and analyzed using the SPSS Version 23.0 program, by applying descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Wilcoxon sign rank test, and Mann-Whitney U-test. Comparing the educational effects of the traditional simulation training vs. RCDP simulation training, some items of performance were significantly different (z=-2.02, p=0.044 / z=-2.42, p=0.015 / z=-3.03, p=0.002), but no difference was observed in the levels of confidence (z=0.388, p=0.699) and satisfaction (t=0.72, p=0.476) between the two groups. This study confirms that both training methods are effective teaching modules for enhancing the nurse's ability to perform resuscitation with confidence. Hence, we suggest applying the appropriate simulation method, according to the subjects included during education, and contents in the training of Advanced Life Support for nurses. Effectiveness of the modules can be ascertained by applying the RCDP simulation training method in various fields.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.143-153
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• 1982

Distributional pattern of vascular plant species in terms of species-area relationship and distances from their species pool on the 53 islands selected in the South Korea were studied. From the relationship between vascular plant species and area the equation of species-area was established as the follow: S=cA2 c=135.52 z=0.226 S; number of species A; area of island In the equation the Z value 0.226 is lower than those of any other localities reported in the world. Z value increased with the increasing distance from the species pool while C value decreased. The relationships of Z and/or C and distance from species pool, D, were established; Z=0.002D+0.176 C=-39.5logD+178.5 The tendency of common species decrease of them with the increasing islands was fifted to the Fisher's logarithm series. Common species 50% above was 39 species, including the most common species, Pinus thunbergii. Quotient of Similarity value by Sorensen (1948) on common species was relatively low i.e. 0.27∼0.47. It is noticeable for their vegetation conditions that the naturalized plant as a indicator of disturbance, for example Erigeron canadensis, was widely distributed.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.220-231
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• 2021

Purpose: This study is a pseudo-experimental study of design before and after the non-equivalent control group, which was attempted to verify that the application of the ukulele to the elderly has the effects of reducing depression, improving self-efficacy, strengthening social bonding, and improving cognitive function. Methods: 46 (23 in the experimental group and 23 in the control group) participants were selected. The experimental group was provided with three sessions of a music program using eight Ukuleles for the elderly, while the control group was provided with three sessions for the elderly. IBM SPSS 25.0 was used for data analysis, and the independent t-test, 𝑥²-test, and Fisher's exact probability test were performed to verify the homogeneity of the subject's general characteristics. The effect verification after the experimental treatment was analyzed by Fisher's exact probability test, Friedman test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Depression showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (F=39.88, p<.001), self-efficacy showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (z=-4.96, p<.001), social bonding showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (z=-5.19, p<.001), and cognitive function showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (z=-3.98, p<.001). Conclusion: It was found that the 'Music Program using the Ukulele' was effective in reducing depression of the elderly, improving self-efficacy, reinforcing social bonding, and improving cognitive function. We hope that the Music Program using the Ukulele can be used in the elderly nursing curriculum in the future, and we suggest it should be applied as a nursing intervention to those who are experiencing cognitive decline.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.127-136
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• 2002

In this paper we obtain some fixed points theorems of expansive mappings and several necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of common fixed points of families of self-mappings in metric spaces. Our results generalize and improve the main results of Fisher [1]-[5], Furi-Vignoli [6], $Is\'{e}ki$ [7], Jungck [8], [9], Kashara-Rhoades [10], Liu [13], [14] and Sharma and Strivastava [16].

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.303-312
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• 2020

Background: Lidocaine is the gold standard local anesthetic (LA) for UK pediatric dental treatment. Recent reports suggest frequent Articaine use in Europe and Canada, with evidence indicating more profound anesthesia. The aim of this study was to examine pediatric dentistry specialist experiences and practices relating to Articaine administration in the UK. Methods: A literature review was followed by a survey using an anonymous 15-item electronic questionnaire, which was sent to 200 registered British Society of Pediatric Dentistry (BSPD) specialists. Descriptive analyses, Z score, chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and Spearman's correlation test were performed. Results: Sixty-one (30.5%) participants responded, and 12 (19.7%) indicated Articaine as their first line anesthetic. Articaine was used daily or weekly by 38 (62.3%) respondents, depending on the clinical context. Articaine was commonly used to avoid inferior alveolar nerve blocks and gain more profound anesthesia in abscessed or hypomineralized teeth. Participants reported significantly more adverse effects with lidocaine (Fisher's exact test, P < 0.0001) than with Articaine. Articaine was most often administered in children aged > 4 years via infiltration techniques. Only 15 (24.6%) respondents reported awareness of guidelines for Articaine use in pediatric patients. Conclusions: Articaine use in pediatric dentistry is common; however, evidence supporting its practice is limited. Several specialists follow conventions based on anecdotal evidence. Formulating guidance to aid decision-making when treating pediatric patients under LA would be beneficial.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.251-272
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among the beliefs of parents and children, children's cognitive and emotional behavior based on cognitive and interreactionary approach models. The Subjects were 138 children (68 eight-year-olds and 70 eleven-year-olds) and their parents. Instruments used in this study were the modified Family Belief Interview Schedule(Alessandri & Wozniak, 1987), the Standard Achievement Test, and Harter's Perceived Competence Scale. Data analysis was by Pearson's r product moment correlation, two-way ANOVA, Fisher-Z test and Student-Newman-Keuls post-hoc test. The major findings are as follows: (1) The beliefs of parents and children has a significant influence children's perception of competence. (2) The congruence of parents' and children's beliefs was hightest in "assumed similarity". (3) Mother's positive view of their children and congruence of mother's and father's beliefs were correlated with children's academic achievement. Parents' positive beliefs and congruence of beliefs were also correlated with children's self-perception of competence.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.147-157
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Tai Chi exercise program (Sun style 12 forms) on anxiety, powerlessness, self-esteem in community-dwelling elderly women. Methods: With a quasi-experimental design, a nonequivalent control group pretest-post test was used. Elderly women who agreed to participate in the study were assigned into an experimental group (n=23), or a control group (n=23). The experimental group participated in Tai Chi exercise program for 50 minutes per session, 2 times a week for 11 weeks. Tai Chi exercise program consisted of 10 minutes for warm-up, 35 minutes for main session, and 5 minutes for cooling down exercises. Anxiety, powerlessness, and self-esteem were measured with questionnaires to evaluate the effect of Tai Chi exercise program. The data were analyzed by using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Mann-Whitney test by a SPSS WIN 12.0 program. Results: The experimental group showed significant improvement for self-esteem (z=-3.130, p=.002), powerlessness(z=-3.267, p=.001), and anxiety (z=-2.932, p=.003) when compared to control group, Conclusions: Tai chi exercise program may be an effective nursing intervention to improve self-esteem and to reduce powerlessness and anxiety in community-dwelling elderly women.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.40-47
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• 2019

The purpose of this study aimed to develop the misutkaru water drink intake program that was possible to compare the effects of misutkaru drink on relieving constipation and physiological measurementson relieving constipation of the patients with hemodialysis. This study was non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design with 42 patients in a general hospital in S city, Korea. During the experiment, the participants had to drink misutkaru water in the morning and past the 7 days after intake as constipation assessment scale, potassium and phosphorus were measured. The data were examine using t-test, Fisher's exact test, paired t-test. After misutkaru drinking intervention, constipation (z=-2.66, p=.002) decreased significantly improvement. This suggests that misutkaru water drinking intervention improved constipation in patients with hemodialysis.