• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2023

In traditional fish farming way, the workers have to observe all of the pools every time and every day to feed at the right timing. This method causes tremendous stress on workers and wastes time. To solve this problem, we implemented an automatic detection system for feeding time using deep neural network. The detection system consists of two steps: classification of the presence or absence of feed and checking DO (Dissolved Oxygen) of the pool. For the classification, the pretrained ResNet18 model and transfer learning with custom dataset are used. DO is obtained from the DO sensor in the pool through HTTP in real time. For better accuracy, the next step, checking DO proceeds when the result of the classification is absence of feed several times in a row. DO is checked if it is higher than a DO reference value that is set by the workers. These actions are performed automatically in the UI programs developed with LabVIEW.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2011

To determine whether rearing density affects the hypermelanosis on the blind side (ambicoloration) of olive flounders Paralichthys olivaceus, we reared fry with an unpigmented non-eyed (blind) side in duplicate at densities of 150 individuals/$m^2$ (commercial production density: control) and 450 individuals/$m^2$ (high density group) for 90 days in 1-t dark-green fiberglass reinforced plastics (FRP) tank. We recorded feed intake, feed conversion efficiency (FE), growth and survival, and measured the ratios of staining blind-side area (staining area) and ambicolored fish every 30 days. Daily feed intake (DFI), feed conversion efficiency (FE), growth rate, condition factors, and survival rate were calculated at the end of the experiment. Although the FE was higher in the high-density compared to the control, the two density groups showed similar feed intakes, growth, and survival. The ratio of staining area as well as the ratio of ambicolored fish significantly were significantly higher in the high-density group than in the control from days 30 to 60, but significantly increased and evened out by the end of the experiment (P<0.05). In conclusion, we determined that rearing density is not the main cause of the blind-side hypermelanosis, but found that increasing the rearing density can accelerate the ambicoloration in olive flounders.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.255-264
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• 1996

여러 가지 종류의 단백질 원료를 혼합하여 성장이 좋고, 가격이 싼 조피볼락용 배합사료를 개발하기 위해 설계한 사료의 효과를 사육실험을 통해 조사하였다. 북양어분 간접식 $29\%$와 갈색 어분 $29\%$ 첨가구를 대조구로 정하고 원료의 필수아미노산 조성을 고려하여 대두박, 콘글루텐 밀, 육분, 혈분, 우모분, 소맥분을 각각 다른 비율로 첨가하여 어분 단백질원인 북양어분과 갈색어분을 $40\%$에서 $65\%$까지 대체한 사료 6종류와 RMP(생사료+분말사료)구를 선정하여 총 8종류의 실험사료를 제조하였다. 33 g 전후의 조피볼락을 실험사료마다 각각 3반복으로 15주간 사육 실험한 결과, 증체율은 사료 2, 3, 4구와 RMP 사료가 대조구와 유의차없이 좋은 결과를 보였다(P>0.05). 반면에 사료효율은 RMP구가 가장 높았고, 사료 7이 가장 낮았다. 어체 1 kg 증육시키는데 소요되는 사료원가는 RMP구가 1,332원으로 가장 높았고, 대조구가 539원으로 나타났으며, 그 외 사료들은 $452\~498$원으로 비슷하였다. 위와 같이 사료 $5\~7$을 제외한 사료들은 성장효과가 대조구와 유의차가 없어 30 g 이상의 어체에서는 식물성 및 동물성 원료를 적절히 혼합 첨가하면 사료중의 어분을 $55\%$까지 대체 가능하였으며, 양식 생산비를 절감할 수 있을 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2018

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementation with four phosphorus (P) additives [mono-calcium phosphate (MCP), dicalcium phosphate (DCP), tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and magnesium hydrogen phosphate (MHP)] on the growth, feed utilization and whole body mineral composition of juvenile olive flounders Paralichthys olivaceus. A basal diet without P supplementation was prepared as a negative control and four supplemental P sources were added at a level of 2%. Triplicate groups of fish (initial mean body weight 11 g) were fed one of the experimental diets to apparent satiation twice a day, at 08:30 and 18:00 for 10 weeks. The final body weights of fish fed the experimental diets ranged from 29.4 g (DCP) to 34.2 g (MCP) and did not differ significantly (P>0.05) among treatments. Similar tendencies were found for all parameters including weight gain (%), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), feed intake (FI) and survival rate (SR). The hematocrit (%), hemoglobin (g/dL), serum inorganic P and whole body mineral composition did not differ significantly different (P>0.05) among the treatments. Therefore, dietary P addition is not necessary for juvenile olive flounder fed a fish meal-based diet.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.184-191
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• 2004

A 25-week feeding trial of two dietary protein (47 and $52\%$) and three dietary lipid level (7, 12 and $17\%$) factorial design with three replications were conducted to determine effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth, feed utilization and body composition of adult starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus), average initial weight 332 g, during the winter season. Survival of fish was not affected by either dietary protein or dietary lipid level. Weight gain, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio improved with dietary protein and lipid levels except for those of fish fed the $52\%$ protein diet with $17\%$ lipid. The best growth and feed utilization were observed in the $52\%$ protein diet with $12\%$ lipid, but were not significantly different from those of fish fed the $52\%$ protein diet with $17\%$ lipid or the $47\%$ protein diets with $17\%$ lipid levels. Hepatosomatic and visceral somatic indexes were significantly influenced by dietary protein level, but not by dietary lipid level. None of moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, or glycogen contents of dorsal muscle or liver in starry flounder except for crude lipid in dorsal muscle was significantly influenced by either dietary protein or dietary lipid level. Plasma cholesterol concentration was significantly influenced by both dietary protein and dietary lipid levels. The results of this study suggest that the diets containing $47\%$ protein with $17\%$ lipid or $52\%$ protein with $12-17\%$ lipid are optimal for growth and feed utilization of adult starry flounder under these experimental conditions.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.430-437
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• 2012

The effects of low temperature and starvation on the physiochemical characteristics of the muscle of the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, were examined. Fish were deprived of feed for 28 days at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and $20^{\circ}C$ in order to establish suitable conditions for live fish transportation. Throughout most of the 4 weeks of feed restriction, the physiochemical characteristics of the muscle of olive flounder were found to be dependent on the acclimation temperature. The breaking strength of muscle did not show a significant reduction during feed restriction at 2 and $4^{\circ}C$. With increasing temperatures, however, the breaking strength of muscle differed significantly according to the individual and feed restriction period (P<0.05). The moisture content in muscle acclimated at 10, 12, and $20^{\circ}C$ increased steadily over the feed-restriction period, while the crude lipid content decreased during the same period (P<0.05). At water temperatures above $2-8^{\circ}C$, no significant differences were shown during the same period. After it reached 6, 8, 10, 12, and $20^{\circ}C$, the muscle had an accumulation of lactate, and a loss of ATP. There was no change in the lactate or ATP content during the feed restriction period at 2 and $4^{\circ}C$, although there were differences among the water temperature groups. These results clearly show that temperature can have an important influence on the of muscle of physiochemical characteristics of muscle during live fish transportation.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2016

본 연구는 능성어 부상란과 침강란의 아미노산 분석을 통하여 난의 생존에 필요한 요소를 구명하고, 사육환경 및 먹이에 따른 난질의 변화를 난의 생화학적 분석을 통하여 난질에 영향을 미칠수 있는 요소를 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 그 결과 육상수조에서 사육하는 것보다 해상가두리에서 사육할 때 난질이 우수하였고, 서로 다른 먹이를 공급한 후 배란을 유도하여 난의 특징을 조사하였다. 그 결과 배합사료만 공급하거나 배합사료와 생사료를 혼합급이한 것보다는 생사료만을 급이한 어미에게서 우수한 수정란을 얻을 수 있었다. 그리고 부상란과 침강란의 아미노산을 분석한 결과 부상란에서 유리아미노산의 함량이 높았으며, 배합사료만 급이하거나 배합사료와 생사료를 혼합 급이한 경우 보다는 생사료만을 공급한 경우 수정란의 유리아미노산의 함량이 높았다. 즉, 난질이 우수할수록 유리아미노산의 함량이 높았다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2011

본 연구는 지렁이 분말을 이용하여 음식물쓰레기 처리 후 발생되는 부산물과 혼합하여 해수류 어류 사료로 활용하여, 음식물쓰레기 염분문제, 영양소 문제 및 수입사료 대체 효과를 통하여 음식물쓰레기의 안정적 처리와 부산물의 다각도 활용도 가능성을 목적으로 행한 실험결과 음식물쓰레기 부산물 및 지렁이 분말의 조단백질(25.93%,69.72%), 조지방(16.91%,6.39%) 및 조회분(15.38%, 5.30%) 등이 각각 국내 제조어분의 함량보다 높게 나타났으며 C18:1n9c, 1n9t 및 c16:0등의 함유로 지방산 공급원으로 좋은 원료로 사용 가능 할 것으로 나타났다. 사료원료의 안정성은 검정항목의 기준치 이하로 사료원료 활용시 안정성이 높은 것으로 나타났으며 음식물쓰레기 부산물과 지렁이 분말을 각각 S1=5:5, S2=6:4, S3=9:1, S4=8:2및 S5=7:3의 비율과 음식물쓰레기:지렁이 분말:분변토의 혼합비를 각각7:1:2로 하였을때 부산물 혼합비율에 대한 성분의 함량 변화는 크지 않았으나 조회분, 조섬유 및 조지방 등의 항목에서는 분변토 혼합시료(S6)가 높게 나타나 향 후 분변토 활용도 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 전체적으로 등록성분의 조단백질, 조지방, 조회분 및 조섬유의 함량이 국내 제조 타 시료원료 보다 성분 함량이 높아 해수 사료 제조시 어분 대체 물질로 가능 한 것으로 나타나 향 후 경제성 분석 및 제조 가능 기술 등 다양한 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.97-100
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• 1992

Locally available milk mix, coconut meal, cassava root meal, cassava leaf meal, maize, meat meal, fish meal, rice bran, rice polishings, wallow, molasses and coral sand in Fiji were analysed for proximate components, gross energy and mineral contents. The results obtained indicated typical and variable amounts of nutrients in these materials. On the basis of their nutrient contents, the potential usefulness and weaknesses of the various feed materials are discussed with specific reference to the formulations of diets for livestock and poultry in Fiji based on these locally available feed materials.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1285-1293
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of various additives Solid sulfur, fucoidan, and glucan on growth performance and immune responses in Juvenile olive flounder paralichthys olivaceus. Six experimental diets supplemented with : no additives (CON); 0.5 and 1.0% solid sulfur (S); 0.2 and 0.4% fucoidan (F); 0.1% glucan (G) of these additives diet on a dry-matter basis. Fish averaging $8.2{\pm}0.17g$ were fed one of six experimental diets in triplicate groups for 6 weeks. By the end of the feeding trial, weight gain, feed efficiency, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, hepatosomatic index and condition factor of fish fed diet CON were significantly lower then those of fish fed the all additives diets (P < 0.05). In challenge test, fish were infected by intraperitonel injection of 0.1 ml bacterial suspension with Edwardsiella tarda per fish after the feeding trial. As a result fish fed All additive diet showed a lower cumulative mortality then did fish fed CON diet throughout the challenge test. In conclusion, these results indicated that solid sulfur, fucoidan and glucan enhanced the growth, feed efficiency and non-specific immune activity of juvenile flounder and protect the fish against microbial infections.