• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.398-406
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• 2015

Culture-dependent ARDRA and culture-independent DGGE were employed to investigate the bacterial community associated with the marine sponge Halichondria panicea collected from Jeju Island. A total of 120 bacterial strains associated with the sponge were cultivated using modified Zobell and Marine agar media. PCR amplicons of the 16S rRNA gene from the bacterial strains were digested with the restriction enzymes HaeIII and MspI, and then assigned into different groups according to their restriction patterns. The 16S rRNA gene sequences derived from ARDRA patterns showed more than 96% similarities compared with known bacterial species, and the isolates belonged to four classes, Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes, of which Alphaproteobacteria was dominant. DGGE fingerprinting of 16S rRNA genes amplified from the sponge-derived total gDNA showed 14 DGGE bands, and their sequences showed 100% similarities compared with the sequences available in GenBank. The sequences derived from DGGE bands revealed high similarity with the uncultured bacterial clones. DGGE revealed that bacterial community consisted of seven classes, including Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteira, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, and Chloroflexi. According to both the ARDRA and DGGE methods, three classes, Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, were commonly found in H. panicea. However, overall bacterial community in the sponge differed depending on the analysis methods. Sponge showed more various bacterial community structures in culture independent method than in culture-dependent method.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.275-283
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• 2012

Culture-dependent RFLP and culture-independent DGGE were employed to investigate the bacterial community associated with the marine sponge Asteropus simplex collected from Jeju Island. A total of 120 bacterial strains associated with the sponge were cultivated using modified Zobell and MA media. PCR amplicons of the 16S rDNA from the bacterial strains were digested with the restriction enzymes HaeIII and MspI, and then assigned into different groups according to their restriction patterns. The 16S rDNA sequences derived from RFLP patterns showed more than 94% similarities compared with known bacterial species, and the isolates belonged to five phyla, Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes, of which Gammaproteobacteria was dominant. DGGE fingerprinting of 16S rDNAs amplified from the sponge-derived total gDNA showed 12 DGGE bands, and their sequences showed more than 90% similarities compared with available sequences. The sequences derived from DGGE bands revealed high similarity with the uncultured bacterial clones. DGGE revealed that bacterial community consisted of seven phyla, including Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Actinobacteira, Chloroflexi, and Nitrospira. Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were commonly found in bacteria associated with A. simplex by both RFLP and DGGE methods, however, overall bacterial community in the sponge differed depending on the analysis methods. Sponge showed more various bacterial community structures in culture-independent method than in culture-dependent method.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1971-1982
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• 2017

Piliated Lactobacillus rhamnosus (pLR) strains possess higher adherent capacity than non-piliated strains. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize probiotic pLR strains in human fecal samples. To this end, mouse polyclonal antiserum (anti-SpaA) against the recombinant pilus protein (SpaA) of L. rhamnosus strain GG (LGG) was prepared and tested for its reactivity and specificity. With the anti-SpaA, a method combining the de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) agar plating separation and colony immunoblotting (CIB) was developed to isolate pLR from 124 human fecal samples. The genetic and phenotypic characteristics of the resultant pLR isolates were compared by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting, and examination of adhesion to Caco-2 cells, hydrophobicity, autoaggregation, and in vitro gastrointestinal tolerance. Anti-SpaA specifically reacted with three pLR strains of 25 test strains, as assessed by western blotting, immunofluorescence flow cytometry, and immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) assays. The optimized MRS agar separation plus anti-SpaA-based CIB procedure could quantitatively detect $2.5{\times}10^3CFU/ml$ of pLR colonies spiked in $10^6CFU/ml$ of background bacteria. Eight pLR strains were identified in 124 human fecal samples, and were confirmed by 16S RNA gene sequencing and IEM identification. RAPD fingerprinting of the pLR strains revealed seven different patterns, of which only two isolates from infants showed the same RAPD profiles with LGG. Strain PLR06 was obtained with high adhesion and autoaggregation activities, hydrophobicity, and gastrointestinal tolerance. Anti-SpaA-based CIB is a rapid and inexpensive method for the preliminary screening of novel adherent L. rhamnosus strains for commercial purposes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

In this study, an WiFi fingerprinting method based on the k-nn algorithm was applied to improve the accuracy of location tracking of a moving train on a platform and evaluate the performance to minimize the estimation error of location tracking. The data related to the position of the moving train are monitored by the control center for trains and used widely for the safety and comfort of passengers. The train location tracking methods based on WiFi installed by telecom companies were evaluated. In this study, a simulator was developed to consider the environments of two cases; in already installed WiFi devices and new installed WiFi devices. The developed simulator can simulate the localized estimation of the position under a variety of conditions, such as the number of WiFi devices, the area of platform and entry velocity of train. To apply location tracking algorithms, a k-nn algorithm and fuzzy k-nn algorithm were applied selectively according to the underlying condition and also four distance measurement algorithms were applied to compare the error of location tracking. In conclusion, the best method to estimate train location tracking is a combination of the k-nn algorithm and Minkoski distance measurement at a 0.5m grid unit and 8 WiFi AP installed.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.737-750
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• 2015

This study was carried out to construct a DNA profile database for 102 watermelon cultivars through the comparison of polymorphism level and genetic relatedness using genomic microsatellite (gMS) and expressed sequence tag (EST)-microsatellite (eMS) markers. Sixteen gMS and 10 eMS primers showed hyper-variability and were able to represent the genetic variation within 102 watermelon cultivars. With gMS markers, an average of 3.63 alleles per marker were detected with a polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.479, whereas with eMS markers, the average number of alleles per marker was 2.50 and the PIC value was 0.425, indicating that eMS detects a lower polymorphism level compared to gMS. Cluster analysis and Jaccard's genetic distance coefficients using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) based on the gMS, eMS, and combined data sets showed that 102 commercial watermelon cultivars could be categorized into 6 to 8 major groups corresponding to phenotypic traits. Moreover, this method was sufficient to identify 78 out of 102 cultivars. Correlation analysis with Mantel tests for those clusters using 3 data sets showed high correlation ($r{\geq}0.80$). Therefore, the microsatellite markers used in this study may serve as a useful tool for germplasm evaluation, genetic purity assessment, and fingerprinting of watermelon cultivars.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.65-81
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• 1997

For the purpose of evaluating the appropriateness of AP-PCR as a facile, rapid and reproducible method for genotyping Streptococcus mutans, and selecting the discriminant primer for it, a DNA fingerprinting was performed on the microorganisms isolated from caries-free children and children with rampant caries, respectively. In the course of selecting appropriate primer for S. mutans genotyping, we chose S2 primer from 6 different primers which shows highest resolution on the agarose gel as well. Nineteen kinds of fingerprint patterns were observed in caries-free children and children with rampant caries which were produced by combination of 7 different fragments. Interestingly, the number of types observed in caries-free children was greater than that in children with rampant caries. And we observed Type 2 was predominant in children with rampant caries (about 80%) and relatively even distribution of each types in caries-free children. Furthermore, it was appeared that the major types in normal control were not or rarely found in children with rampant caries. In conclusion, we could establish simple, rapid and highly reproducible AP-PCR method for genotyping S. mutans. We also found differences in distribution of S. mutans between normal and patient, which suggested that cariogenicity is also dependent on qualitative aspects which is caused by the difference in genotypes of S. mutans in oral cavity.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.379-387
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• 2015

In recent years, copyright violations from illegal copying and distribution of e-comic contents have become an important issue. Fingerprinting techniques have been emerged to provide a fast and reliable identification method of identifying e-comic contents. When illegally scanned or camera captured comic contents are distributed, they suffer from distortions. So the fingerprint differs from the original version. This paper presents a restoration framework for correcting geometric distortions in distorted comics to improve the comic content identification.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.303-307
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• 2010

Stellantchasmus falcatus is a minute intestinal fluke in the family Heterophyidae. Metacercariae, the infective stage, were reported in a marine fish, mullet Liza subviridis, and a fresh water fish, Dermopgenus pusillus, in Thailand. Adults were found in chicks, rats, cats, and humans. Morphological studies were done for comparing Stellantchasmus sp. worms found in 2 different fish hosts; their shapes and organ arrangements were very similar except for the prepharynx length. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare their DNA fingerprints using the HAT-RAPD method for both types of Stellantchasmus and several other related species. Ten arbitrarily selected primers (OPA-04, OPA-09, OPN-02, OPN-03, OPN-09, OPN-12, OPP-11, OPR-15, OPX-13, and OPAD-01) were used. It was found that OPA-09, OPN-03, and OPAD-01 were able to generate S. falcatus specific fragments in mullets which consisted of 200, 760, and 280 bp, respectively. In addition, the results of morphologic, DNA fingerprinting, and phylogenetic analyses strongly suggest that the fresh water and marine specimens of Stellantchamus may be different species.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.247-254
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• 2013

Collected germplasms of five representative dandelion species (Taraxacum ohwianum, T. platycarpum, T. platypecidum, T. officinale, and T. coreanum) were 104 lines from different habitates in Korea and China. Their genetic diversity was analyzed by genomic fingerprinting method using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). AFLP results of 6 primer combinations were revealed 1,176 total DNA fragments and 523 polymorphic bands with a 44.4% ratio of polymorphism. On the basis of similarity coefficient analysis by unweight pair group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA), 104 dandelion germplasm lines were ranged from 0.64 to 0.99 and clustered distinct five group depending on the species. Furthermore, a principal coordinate analysis (PCA) by the application of multi-variate analysis indicated significantly greater differences among species than geographical origins.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.202-205
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• 2011

The Angelica root has been used as a medicinal herb in many Asian countries including Korea, China, and Japan. Angelica gigas, A. sinensis, and A. acutiloba have been considered as Angelicae radix in Korean, Chinese, and Japanese Pharmacopoeia, respectively. Since the origins of Angelicae radix differ from country to country, there is a need to develop an efficient analytical method to identify the origin of the Angelica root. In order to obtain chemical fingerprints, three different Angelicae Radices were analyzed by direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). Significantly different DART-MS spectra were observed from three different species of Angelicae Radix. Strong peaks of decursin or decusinol angelate, and its dimer were exclusively found from A. gigas. Ligustilide and linoleic acid were detected as the major component from A. acutiloba. The strongest ligustilide peak was observed from A. sinensis. DART-MS fingerprinting is a promising method for the rapid identification and/or quality control of Angelicae Radix.