• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2000

Amyloid golfer is a rare disease entity that is defined as a symptomatic mass or clinically detectable thyroid enlargement because of amyloid deposition. We present a case of amyloid golfer diagnosed in the fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) in a 73-year-old Korean woman presented with nephrotic syndrome and thyroid enlargement. The thyroid function was in normal range. Thyroid scan showed a nodule, $4{\time}2cm$ in the right lobe with underlying diffuse golfer. Aspirates revealed benign looking follicular cells and scattered eosinophilic material. The sections of the cell block showed nodular deposit of eosinophilic hyalinized material in the interfollicular area. It showed apple-green birefringence under polarization with Congo red stain. The renal biopsy also exhibited deposition of eosinophilic materials in the glomeruli and interstitial vascular wall, which were confirmed as amyloidosis. This material was morphologically distinct from the colloid.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2000

Cathepsin D is a protease which is known to facilitate invasion and metastasis of breast carcinoma. Overexpression of cathepsin D is associated with poor clinical outcome and biologic aggressiveness of the breast cancer. We underwent immunocytochemical assay(ICA) for cathepsin D in fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) specimens from the breast carcinoma and benign breast diseases. In FNAC specimens cathepsin D was expressed in 21(42.9%) out of 49 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma, whereas negative result was observed in all 15 cases of benign breast diseases including 7 fibroadenomas, 6 fibrocystic diseases, and 2 benign ductal hyperplasias. Among the 11 FNAC specimens from ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS), cathepsin D was expressed in 3 cases(27.3%). In FNAC specimens immunocytochemistry for cathepsin D showed positive result in 24 out of 60 carcinomas(sensitivity, 40%) and negative result in 15 out of all 15 benign breast diseases(specificity, 100%). No significant correlation was noted between cathepsin D expression in FNAC specimen and clinicohistological characteristics of the breast carcinoma, such as hormone receptors and cell differentiation. In conclusion, ICA of cathepsin D in FNAC specimens thought to be a good adjunct to differentiate malignancy from benign breast diseases.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.76-82
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• 1997

Two cases of pulmonary atypical carcinoid tumor were diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. Although the cytologic features of atypical carcinoid tumor have been relatively well described, it is easy to confuse atypical carcinoid tumor with typical carcinoid tumor, small cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung. Atypical carcinoid tumor has been recognized as a distinct variant of pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma, with characteristic histopathologic and clinical features that separate it from both carcinoid and small cell carelnoma. The distinction of atypical carcinoid tumor from small cell carcinoma has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. The cytologic characteristics of atypical carcinoid tumor included polygonal to fusiform cells with a variable amount of lacy cytoplasm, oval nuclei with coarsely dispersed chromatin and frequent nucleoli, and mild pleomorphism. The malignant cells were arranged either in acinus-like clusterg or in epithelial sheets.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.56-59
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• 2004

Development of an invasive squamous cell carcinoma within a branchial cleft cyst (branchiogenic carcinoma) is very rare and this case is the first description of cytologic findings in Korea. A 62-year-old man presented with a 5-month history of an enlarged right neck mass. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the mass showed low cellularity and the background containing proteinaceous debris, inflammatory cells, and histiocytes suggested a cystic nature. Abundant lymphocytes, a few anucleated squames, and rare atypical squamous cells with pyknotic nuclei and abnormal keratinization were also noted. After excision of the mass, histologic findings were consistent with a branchiogenic carcinoma. We recommend to raise the possibility of carcinoma (primary or metastatic) when we observe a few dyskeratotic cells in a cystic mass within the neck area, especially in an old male.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 1992

Apocrine carcinoma is a rare form of breast malignancy and is composed of entirely or predominantly of apocrine type epithelial cells. Apocrine metaplastic cells are frequently noted in fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) of breast lesions, especially fibrocystic disease. These apocrine cells may occasionally be atypical, to make a diagnostic difficulty. Two cases of apocrine carcinoma of the breast diagnosed by FNAC are described, and differential cytologic points between apocrine metaplasia and apocrine carcinoma are discussed. The first case is a right breast mass of a 37-year-old woman for 20 days. The smears show many single or sheets of large cells on bloody background. Each cell has a large vesicular nuclei with multiple macronucleoli and abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. The second case is a left breast mass of a 35-year-old woman for one month. The smears show similar findings as seen in the first one. Histopathologic findings of both cases are typical of apocrine carcinoma. Electron microscopy demonstrates variable numbers of large osmiophilic granules in diameter of $200\sim600nm$ in both cases.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2001

Primary malignant lymphoma of the thyroid gland is uncommon malignancies. Its fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings are rarely described in the literature. This article highlights the FNAC diagnosis of primary malignant lymphoma of the thyroid gland. A 70-year-old female presented with a rapidly enlarging thyroid mass of five months' duration. FNAC smears showed low cellularity consisting of predominantly atypical enlarged lymphoid cells admixed with a few small lymphocytes, plasma cells, and oncocytic cells. Some disrupted lymphoid cells were also present. The tumor cells infiltrated into the thyroid follicular epithelium forming lymphoepithelial lesion, The cytologic appearance showed a diffuse mixture of cell types with only a few small, mature lymphocytes and many enlaraed lymphoid cells. The enlarged lymphoid cells were atypical and pleomorphic with nuclear clefting and irregularities. Grossly, the left lobe of the thyroid was nearly replaced by a diffuse firm to soft solid mass with smooth tan fish-flesh homogeneous cut surface. Histological diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with areas of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.127-130
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• 2001

Solid papillary carcinoma of the breast is a distinctive form of intraductal papillary carcinoma frequently associated with both mucinous carcinoma and infiltrating ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specific. To our knowledge, this case is the first description of the cytologic aspects of solid papillary carcinoma of the breast in the Korean literature. We experienced a case of solid papillary carcinoma of the right breast diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) in a 70-year-old female. FNAC from the right breast showed high cellularity consisting of mostly tight clusters of tumor cells and a few scattered tumor cells. The nuclei were monotonously round to oval in shape with inconspicuous nucleoli. The cytoplasm was abundant and finely granular. Scant amount of mucinous material was present on the background. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically and immunohistochemically.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.45-48
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• 2001

Acinic cell carcinoma(ACC) is the third common malignancy in major salivary gland. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a useful tool for the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. However, some low grade malignancies, such as ACC and mucoepidermoid carcinoma show relatively high false negative rate, mainly due to deceptively benign cytomorphologic appearance. We experienced a papillary-cystic variant of ACC, having different cytopathologic features compared with those of classic ACC. Our case showed monolayered sheets and papillary clusters without any acinic structures or naked nuclei of the tumor cells. Foamy proteinaceous material was seen in the background. The tumor cells had a large amount of granular cytoplasm and eccentric nuclei. Many vacuolated or clear cells were also noted.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.99-104
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• 1998

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma(ALCL) is an uncommon type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL) populated with anaplastic, often bizarre cells that express CD30 (Ki-1) antigen. The unusual histologic and cytologic features may cause confusion with other neoplasms, such as poorly differentiated carcinoma, melanoma, Hodgkin's disease, or true histiocytic lymphoma. Although the cytologic features of ALCL have been well described, there are few reports about cytologic findings of the sarcomatold variant of ALCL. We experienced a case of fine needle aspiration(FNA) cytologic findings of ALCL which mimicks malignant fibrous histiocytoma. FNA cytology of chest wall mass in a 62-year-old female with a history of peripheral T-cell lymphoma(Lennert lymphoma) revealed a heterogeneous population of single cells and poorly cohesive cells with large, pleomorphic nuclei and spindle cells gathering around vascular structures within an inflammatory background. Additional features of the neoplastic cells were eccentric, multilobated nuclei with occasional 'wreath-like' configuration; abundant cytoplasm with vacuolization; and prominent nucleoli. The cytologic features suggested sarcoma, especially malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The diagnosis was made retrospectively with an aid of immunocytochemical staining.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.241-244
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• 1998

Lipoblastoma is a rare benign neoplasm occurring exclusively in children below the age of three years. It affects chiefly the upper and lower extremities, and less commonly head and neck area, trunk, mediastinum, mesentery, and retroperitoneum. We present two cases of lipoblastoma occurring in the mediastinum of a 21-month-old boy and in the back of a 15-month-old boy. The characteristic features of Fine needle aspiration cytology smears were the presence of immature fat cells in the form of spindle-shaped cells, stellate cells and vacuolated lipoblasts along with lipocytes against a myxomatous background. Two tumors were histologically confirmed to be lipoblastomas. Lipoblastoma can be cytologically diagnosed by considering the cytologic findings and the age of the patient.