• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.511-522
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• 2005

This paper aims at analyzing the current status, characteristics and problems of housing development project finance firstly, and secondly, examining the policy measures in order to enhancing the housing development project finance systems. The main results of this paper are as follows. Project finances are very activated in the housing development projects, especially, apartment development, since 2001. But most of housing development project finance are not virtual project finance, but conditional corporate finance, because most of project finance didn't uses bankruptcy remote. Therefore, the main policy measures in order to activate effective growth of project finance are, first, institutionalizing of project finance, second, enhancing the feasibility study capabilities of finance companies, third, using the real estate funds effectively, and forth, networking housing development project finances with long-term mortgage finances.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.127-137
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• 2014

Project Financing (PF) development project is the type which influences national economy and building industry largely because it is exerted by using borrowed money from many kinds of investors and huge amount of financial raising. Many domestic PF projects are focused mainly on the profit maximization lacking in a sufficient feasibility study. Nowadays many projects are suspending due to the global finance debacle and stagnation of real estate industry. Therefore, in this paper, risk factors of PF project are deducted and Key Success Factors (KSFs) are derived through Factor-Analysis and qualified using Fuzzy-AHP method. And through the evaluation of the derived success factors in real projects, a strong correlationship has been identified between the score of each PF success factor and the level of success and/or expected rate of return (ROR). So, the result of this paper can help decision makers of the PF projects make a better decision and give a meaningful guidance in achieving successful PF projects.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.285-294
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• 2012

Current urban stream conditions and their restoration projects were investigated by surveying the urban stream management experts in 29 cities with high population density (more than 1,000person/$km^{2}$). The survey results showed that the ratio of covered urban streams decreased by 1.4% (from 14% to 12.6%) in the last 5 years through steady river restoration projects promoted by governments. Nonetheless, 36.3% of 369 urban streams surveyed still report stream depletion problems; therefore, more efforts to alleviate the problems caused by distorted water circulation of urban streams are still necessary. Water depletion in many local urban streams, unlike national rivers, is accelerated due to negligence in stream management, budget shortage, and other reasons. To prevent stream depletion, the use of reclaimed water is suggested as one of the prevention plans. When available amounts of reused sewage are estimated through actual available nationwide sewage discharges of each watershed and instream flow of stream, annual instream flow supply of 780 million $m^{3}$ is expected; 4.8% reduction in the pollution load of public sewer treatment facilities is expected; and the creation of new value through water reuse service is expected. Thus, it is important for the reviews of feasibility and alternatives of water reuse projects for flow augmentation to consider not only investment budget reductions, but also environmental aspects. Also it is necessary to provide the financial support of unified government with strict water quality management policy.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.22 no.2 s.55
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• pp.84-97
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• 1983

Under the limited arable land, the enhancement of agricultural productivity is indispensable to provide the food demand which is concomitant with the rapid increase in population. From this viewpoint, the upbringing and dissemination of high-yielding varieties has been promoted continuously and several modifications in cultural practices, including heavy fertilization, dense planting, and early transplanting, also have been gradually developed. However these changes in cultivation have led to the increased outbreak of insect pests and diseases. And this unexpected results have accelerated the number and complexity of pesticides employed as well as their consumption. Even though pesticides are essential materials contributing to the steady production of agricultural crops, large scale consumption of them has given rise to several adverse impacts, such as mammalian hazard and/or environmental contamination. In this respect, recent development of new pesticides has been concentrated on 'safe pesticide', as it were, that has the highly selective properties without unfavorable side influences on other ecosystem. According to literature cited up to now, feasibilities of safe pesticide development would be summarized as two categories. One of them is the development of chemical pesticides, which include the molecular structure modification of established pesticides for increased safety and synthesis of new safe chemicals which can attack the vulnerable point of physio-ecological characteristics in insect pests and diseases. The other is the biological pesticides which comprise natural enemies and microorganisms to act selectively on confined insect pests and diseases, In addition, improvement of physico-chemical properties of available pesticide formulations would be one of the desirable means for safe pesticide development in view of efficacy enhancement and minimization of hazardous properties or safe pesticide development, various approaches are feasible and needed to study, however, long period and much financial outlay are necessary to develop a new item. And under the present situation in Korea, there are many difficulties for performing research on all the possible routes. Therefore, combined pesticides by the reasonable combination of already registered resticides evaluated as the fairly safe pesticides and safe formulation based on their physico-chemical properties would be developed primarily. And many efforts would be given gradually for the development of new chemical and biological pesticides.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.558-576
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• 2020

Purpose: This study wanted to empirically study the effects of ISO 22301 and ISMS certification requirements on Business Performance. Method: For research, a survey was conducted on ISO 22301 and ISMS-certified companies to collect data and use SPASS18 and AMOS18 for statistical analysis. Results: Verification of the hypotheses through the questionnaire demonstrated that BCP, BCM operation, management, and access control of ISO 22301 and ISMS certification requirements, including BIA, risk assessment, BCP, BCM, BCM operation, management, and access security requirements, affect the enterprise's performance (quality improvement, customer satisfaction, financial performance) through the intermediation of the enterprise culture, and the feasibility of the survey paper is high. Conclution: This study has derived the impact of ISO 22301 and ISMS certification requirements on business performance, and based on this, it is deemed necessary to present improvements to ISO 22301 and ISMS certification, and to study future ISO 22301 certification activation and domestic certification, BCMS.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.31-38
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• 2020

Purpose: At a time when the distribution industry is dominated by capital and technology, win-win growth among businesses groups (BGs) in wholesale market is becoming a social issue. Therefore, through analysis of market growth, market concentration (MC) and market power (MP), we want to identify the structure of the wholesale market and the competitiveness of the BGs in terms of market share (MS), sales-profit ratio (SPR), and labor productivity (LP) to explore the possibility of win-win growth. Market situation: Wholesale and Retail sales ratio (W/S) continues to increase, which also means inefficiency in distribution channels or opportunities in wholesale markets. Wholesale sales have grown 8.3 percent annually over the past 15 years, while the number of companies and workers has declined since 2017, which is why some restructuring is believed to begin in the wholesale industry. In terms of MC and MP, the growth potential of SBG can be found in FCB, ARM, FBT and CME BTs. Methodology and data: Through ANOVA and Regression Analysis, the 2015 Economic Census Data of KOSTAT was analyzed. Results: The results of ANOVA show that statistically significant SBG has a larger MS than LBG. The SPR was not different among BGs. LP is higher for LBG than for other BGs. Regression results show that the employment weight (EW) and the company size (SC) have positive effects on the MS, but the company weight (CW) and employment size (SE) have negative effects. In the case of SPR, the CW is positive and the EW is negative. In addition, LP appears to be more positive as SC in the BGs is larger. Conclusions: Although there is sufficient potential for SBG in the wholesale market, there is a problem that needs to increase LP. Therefore, the SBG needs to restructure in terms of number of companies and SC to improve the efficiency of employment. In terms of MC and MP, the SBG looks for possibilities in FCB, ARM, FBT and CME BTs. In addition, SBG that seeks higher returns with human services rather than simple sales is found to be competitive in the HHG, MES and CME BTs.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.12-20
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• 2015

Construction industry pays attention to modular construction recently which based on factory production not on labor intensive site production. Since modular construction has high time shortening effect and easiness of demolition and recycling, it has been applied to the temporary residential building. Domestic modular construction market are not activated yet, however, due to the high initial cost to realize modular construction. This study proposes demand-sensitized movable modular building in order to reduce the financial burden. The study compares between RC method building and Modular building which moves building when the demand falls off from Life-Cycle Cost's viewpoint. As a result of the economical evaluation, RC method achieved profits faster than Modular model, but Modular model's gross earnings during the life-cycle are much bigger than RC method. In other words, the result means that the market-sensitized movement of the modular building would be an economci choice in Life-Cycle Costing aspect.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.161-189
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• 2007

The purposes of this dissertation are to identify various factors affecting the outcomes of feasibility analysis and investment decision makings of new IT project plans and empirically analysis the relationships among them. 9 variables which have been drawn from prior studies and industry practices are the amount of the necessary resource such as development budget and time, the expect financial benefits, the degree of alignments between IT projects and the business strategy, the estimated risk, and the investment priority as the dependent variable. Data from 125 IT projects of K bank, the leading commercial bank in Korea, have been collected and Regression Analysis and ANOVA have been performed. As results, 5 out of 8 hypothesis have been accepted partially or totally.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.340-350
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• 2014

Recently, TMDL has been implemented to estimate the amount of pollutant loads and to establish proper mitigation strategy to decrease the pollutant loads by the Ministry of Environment. To estimate the amount of pollutant loads with reasonable accuracy, securing landcover map with periodically updating is essential. However, in reality, due to the technical and financial difficulties, the landcover map has not been updated annually. Hence, this study mainly aims to suggest an effective GIS-based updating method in order to promote utilization of landcover map in the estimation of pollutant loads. Bupyeong-gu at the City of Incheon with the total area of $31.98km^2$ was chosen for this study and spatial data including digital topographic maps, ortho aerial photo, and satellite images were collected and utilized. A total of 7,235 feature entities were newly produced through the updating process of five steps and it was revealed that the classification of landcover with the total area of $3.34km^2$ was to be changed. The validity and feasibility of the suggested method were proved with the accuracy of 97.9% from the field verification. Further study needs to be made for devising more automated method to update landcover map to facilitate TMDL for individual local governments.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 2001

In the process of GIS implementation, various unexpected problems could be uncovered. If neglected, these problems would make GIS implementation much more difficult. In order to improve GIS implementation along with alleviating these problems, the following are recommended. First, in establishing GIS master plans the Korean government has to have a better understanding not only on financial and technological feasibilities, but also on organizational culture, employees' experience and perception on new technology, etc. Second, to avoid overlapping investments and technical problems such as discrepancies between digital maps drawn by different agencies and between traditional parcel maps and digital maps, a unified and/or coordinated GIS map-making system and departmental coordination are required.