• 한국노년학
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.327-351
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• 2021

This study was motivated by the awareness that little attention has been paid to this issue both theoretically and empirically, despite the fact that financial abuse causes serious problems which are difficult for the elderly to recover from. This study intends to explore what the patterns of financial abuse targeting the elderly are, what causes and sustains these abuses, and what makes it difficult to counter such financial abuses. Data analysis was based on individual and group interviews of ten professionals expected to encounter the most financially abused elderly in social welfare institutions. The thematic analysis shows that financial abuse is often caused and maintained in a trusting relationship through care and protection. Because financial abuse was inflicted on the vulnerable elderly in a state of reinforced psychological dependence based on a long and trusting relationship, it appears that it has been made with tacit acknowledgement and consent. Despite those complex dynamics, it is noted that financial abuse can be judged as such only when the elderly claim to suffer from harm. Rather, intervention without victims' acknowledgement tends to be perceived as violating their right to self-determination. This reality naturally leads to the termination of the necessary interventions with the victims in an abusive situation. Based on these results, discussion focused on more realistic and diverse approaches to the issue of financial abuse of older adults.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.466-476
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this secondary analysis study was to examine the incidence of abuse and the contributing factors for that abuse among the Korean elderly with stroke. Methods: Data were derived from the 2008 Korean National Survey on Older Adults. The participants were 934 community-dwelling elderly with stroke. Data were analyzed using the Rao-Scott $x^2$-test, simple logistic regression and multiple logistic regression with the PASW 18.0 complex samples analysis module. Results: The prevalence of elder abuse was 13.5%. Emotional abuse (10.0%) was the most frequently reported abuse, followed by financial neglect (3.8%), caring neglect (3.3%), financial abuse (2.1%), and physical abuse (1.9%). 44.6% of the perpetrators of emotional abuse were coresidential family members. Participants without spouses (odds ratio=2.05, 95% CI=1.14~3.68), those without diabetes (odds ratio=2.24, 95% CI=1.15~4.39), and depressed participants (odds ratio=2.72, 95% CI=1.34~5.52) were more likely to be abused. Conclusion: Emotional abuse was the most frequently reported type of abuse while physical abuse was least frequent among the elderly with stroke. Nurses caring for the elderly with stroke should be aware of the types of abuse and risk factors such as lack of spouse and incidents of depression.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1047-1056
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to research how elder abuse affected the abuse results (self-esteem, depression, somatization) through coping strategies. Method: A convenient sample consisted of 499 subjects from 65 to 85 years old. Data was collected using structured questionnaires from July to August, 2002. The SPSS WIN 10.0 version was used for data analysis. Results: The pathway of elder abuse affecting elder's self-esteem was researched by passive coping, emotional abuse, financial abuse, and physical abuse as the variables that directly affected self-esteem. The pathway of elder abuse affecting elder's depression was researched by passive coping, aggressive coping, verbal abuse, and neglect as the variable that directly affected depression. The pathway of elder abuse affecting somatization was researched by neglect, emotional abuse, and aggressive coping as the variables that directly affected somatization. Conclusion: We should develop a systematized intervention program so that elders can learn positive coping in their abuse circumstance.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.109-118
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the relationship between nurses' characteristics and perception of seriousness of elder abuse. Method: A cross-sectional survey design was used to describe the perception of elder abuse by 301 nurses. Data were collected by convenience sampling. The research instruments utilized in this study were 12 scenarios adapted by Yoo & Kim from the 13 senarios to measure the perception of elder abuse developed by Moon and Williams (1993), a seven item questionnaires related to elder abuse law, and a Semantic Differential Scaling to measure attitudes toward elderly people. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation. Results: The mean score for perceptions of elder abuse was 3.07. Among the types of abuse, sexual abuse was perceived as the most severe type of abuse followed by physical abuse, neglect, financial abuse, and emotional abuse in that order. Education, job position, experience of gerontological nursing course, and education on elder abuse, exposure to elder abuse information, and attitudes toward elders were significantly related to the perception of seriousness on elder abuse. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that provision of elder abuse education is needed for nurses, to enable them to identify elder abuse and address their legal and professional responsibilities.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.79-95
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• 2008

This study investigated developmental pathways mediating effects of child abuse on peer rejection. Participants were 904 poor children aged 10-15 from 16 nationwide cities/provinces who receive financial sponsorship from Childfund in cooperation with the Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs. Structural equation modeling was employed for statistical analyses. Results showed that child abuse was directly associated with heightened risk of rejection by peers; the relationship was indirectly mediated by aggression and cognitive ability. The hypothesized partially mediated model had a better model fit than the fully mediated model. Aggression and low cognitive ability, significant effects of abuse, were associated with peer rejection. Social withdrawal, also associated with child abuse, did not account for the association between abuse and peer rejection.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2017

Purpose: The study investigated the perception, report, and education of elder abuse in 119 emergency medical technicians (EMTs) in Korea. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was distributed to 110 EMTs in K city, and 100 answers were collected from June 1 to 10, 2015. The study instrument was perception regarding elder abuse and education inventory developed by Kim and Kim. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 18.0 version. Results: The elder abuse perception score was 3.81 on a Likert 4-point scale. Physical abuse was the most common type, followed by verbal, financial, negligence, and emotional abuse. Most EMTs recognized that is important for the prevention of elder abuse, but most of them had no experience in reporting abuse. A majority of the EMTs had attended an elder abuse program and recognized the importsnce of such program. Conclusion: This study suggests the necessity of more targeted education of elder abuse prevention combined with family counseling methods and practical approach toward awareness of elder abuse.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.270-284
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• 2010

Purpose: This study examined differences in perceptions and intention to report on elder abuse between nurses and elderlies. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used. The participants were 301 nurses and 326 elderlies (>60 years) living in Seoul. Data were collected by convenience sampling. The research instrument utilized in this study to measure perceptions and intention to report were 11 of 12 scenarios adapted by Yoo & Kim from Moon and Williams(1993). Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, Chi-Square and Pearson's correlation. Results: The mean score of perceptions on elder abuse was 3.11 for nurses and 2.98 for elderlies. The most severely perceived type of abuse was sexual abuse, followed by physical abuse, neglect, financial abuse, and emotional abuse. Statistically significant group differences were evident in perceptions of elder abuse in six of the scenarios and in all scenarios for intention to report. Conclusions: Differences in perceptions and intention to report on elder abuse between nurses and elderlies should be considered in developing effective measures in prevention and intervention of elder abuse.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.341-349
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• 2011

As elder abuse has become a social problem, it has drawn a great deal of attention from researchers and policy-planers. While there have been a number of studies addressing various issues related to elder abuse, the present study aims to explain whether and how the perception of elder abuse would differ among the elderly themselves. In particular, the study focuses on the differences between urban and rural areas. Family-centered culture is believed to have a stronger influence in rural areas compared to urban areas. This cultural tradition highlights the importancy of the family compared to the individuals. Thus, the elderly who experience abuse would take it as personal matter rather than publicizing it. In addition, the information and campaigns on preventing elder abuse are less prevalent in rural areas than in urban areas due to limited communication networks. For these reasons, the study suggests a hypothesis that the elderly in rural areas are less perceptive to elder abuse. Using 6,709 persons aged 65 and over from a nationwide survey conducted by the Korean Institute for Health and Social Affairs in 2009, the study ran regression analysis on 4 types of elder abuse including psychological, financial, physical and neglect. The results show that regardless of types of abuse, the elderly in rural areas have lower levels of perception than the elderly in urban areas do. In addition, the frequency of social activities is positively related to the perception of elderly abuse. This is also true for the different types of elder abuse. The findings suggest that social effort to prevent elder abuse consider the urban-rural differences and their sources.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.506-515
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to validate abuse outcomes included Nursing Outcomes Classification(NOC) developed by Johnson and Maas at the University of Iowa. A sample of 71 nurse experts working in university affiliated hospitals participated in this study. They were asked to rate indicators that examplified the outcomes on a scale of 1 (indicator is not at all characteristic) to 5(indicator is very characteristic). A questionnaire with an adaptation of Fehring's methodology was used to establish the content validity of outcomes. The results were as follows: 1. All indicators were considered to be 'supporting' and no indicators were considered to be 'nonsupporting'. 2. 'Abuse Recovery : Emotional' attained an OCV score of 0.780 and was the highest OCV score among abuse outcomes. The highest indicator was 'demonstration of positive interpersonal relationship'. 3. 'Abuse cessation' attained an OCV score of 0.739 and was the lowest OCV score among abuse outcomes. The highest indicator was 'physical abuse has ceased'. 4. 'Abuse Protection' attained an OCV score of 0.743 and the highest indicator was 'plans for avoiding abuse'. 5. 'Abuse Recovery: Financial' attained an OCV score of 0.762 and the highest indicator was 'court-ordered benefits received'. 6. 'Abuse Recovery: Physical' attained an OCV score of 0.767 and the highest indicator was 'resolution of physical health problem'. 7. 'Abuse Recovery: Sexual' attained an OCV score of 0.768 and the highest indicator was 'expression of confidence with gender identity'. More outcomes need to be validated and outcomes sensitive to Korean culture need to be developed.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.518-530
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• 2013

Purpose: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data to develop sexual abuse prevention educational programs for elementary school students. Method: Ninety three third, fourth, fifth, and sixth grade elementary school students were interviewed for content analysis on sexual abuse. Results: The content recognized by elementary school students about sexual abuse was as follows: 1) The concepts of sexual abuse were 'compulsory contact', 'harassment', 'school violence', 'pornography', 'unpleasant sexual behavior' 'crime', and 'don't know'. 2) The causes of sexual abuse were 'intolerance of impulse', 'play', 'bullying', 'financial needs', 'home education and the environment', 'negligence of the victim', and 'don't know'. 3) The methods how to prevent and deal with sexual abuse were 'sexual education', 'avoidance of danger', 'protection', 'self-assertion', 'treat with kindness', 'strengthening of penalties', 'asking for help and notification', 'report', 'treatment and counselling', 'escaping', and 'don't know' 4) Educational needs for prevention of sexual abuse were 'more detailed sexual abuse prevention education', 'how to recognize sexual abuse', 'how to protect oneself', 'interpersonal relationship', 'practical education', and 'none'. Conclusion: These results suggest that based on elementary school students' recognition of sexual abuse, a sexual abuse prevention educational program and content should be organized.