• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.135-143
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• 2000

Purpose: As vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) could lead to renal functional deterioration when combined with urinary tract infection, we need to decide whether operative anti-reflux treatment should be performed at the time of diagnosis of VUR. Predictive value of radioisotope voiding cystography (RIVCG) for renal outcome was tested. Materials and Methods: In 35 children (18 males, 17 females), radiologic voiding cystoure-thrography (VCU), RIVCG and DMSA scan were performed. Change in renal function was evaluated using the follow-up DMSA scan, ultrasonography, and clinical information. Discriminant analysis was performed using individual or integrated variables such as reflux amount and extent at each phase of voiding on RIVCG, in addition to age, gender and cortical defect on DMSA scan at the time of diagnosis. Discriminant function was composed and its performance was examined. Results: Reflux extent at the filling phase and reflux amount and extent at postvoiding phase had a significant prognostic value. Total reflux amount was a composite variable to predict prognosis. Discriminant function composed of reflux extent at the filling phase and reflux amount and extent at postvoiding phase showed better positive predictive value and specificity than conventional reflux grading. Conclusion: RIVCG could predict renal outcome by disclosing characteristic reflux pattern during various voiding phases.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.170-179
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• 2000

The rh-BMP-4 is a subgroup of TGF-${\beta}$ superfamily. The application of rh-BMP in alveolar bony defect was reported to new alveolar bone and new cementum formation. For minimized complications following tooth replantation, a operator must replant a tooth fast at the pertinent position. This study was to evaluate the effect of rh-BMP-4 on periodontal regeneration and root resorption following tooth replantation in rats. The 50 Sprague-Dawley rats weighting about 130gm were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups. Group 1 ; immediate replantation after extraction : Group 2 ; replantation stored teeth extraction of first molar, the removal of periodontal ligament with collagenase, and etching with citric acid : Group 3 ; replantation stored teeth with treated rh-BMP-4 in mesial root. Experimental animals were sacrificed 3, 7, 14 days after replantation by heart infusion. The maxillae were removed, fixed, demineralized, dehydrated, infiltrated and embedded with JB-4 mixture. For light microscopic observation, 5 micron sections were cut and stained with toluidine blue. The results of this study were as follows : 1. After experimental 3 days, all groups were observed dead space between periodontum and root. 2. After experimental 7 days, group 1 and group 3 were observed filling periodontal fibers between alveolar bone and root but group 2 were not. 3. After experimental 7 days, group 3 were observed appearance of attached cementoblast like cell on root surface. Group 1 were observed regular arrangement of fibroblasts and collagen fibers at ${\times}400$ observation. 4. After experimental 14 days, all group were observed filling periodontal fibers between alveolar bone and root. Group 1 were observed normal arrangement of periodontal fibers. Group 3 were observed less abnormal arrangement of periodontal fibers. Group 2 were not observed functional normal arrangement of periodontal fibers. 5. After experimental 14 days, group 2 and 3 were observed several root resorption and irregular root surface but group 1 were not. These results suggest that the rh-BMP-4 can stimulate cementogenesis and enhance to attach collagen fibers.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.207-215
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the long term bone healing after horizontal ridge augmentation using auto block bone graft for implant installation timing. Materials and Methods: Five Beagle dogs(which were 14 months old and weighted approximately 10kg). In surgery 1(extraction & bone defect), premolars(P2, P3,P4) were extracted and the buccal bone plate was removed to create a horizontally defected ridge. After three months healing, in surgery 2(ridge augmentation). Auto block bone grafts from the mandibular ramus were used in filling the bone defects were fixed with stabilizing screws. The following fluorochrome labels were given intravenously to the beagle dogs: oxytetracycline 1week after the surgery, alizarin red 4 weeks after the surgery, calcein blue 8 weeks after the surgery. The tissue samples were obtained from the sacrificed dogs of 1, 4, 8, 12, 16 weeks after the surgery. Non-decalcified sections were prepared by resin embedding and microsection to find thickness of $10{\mu}m$ for the histologic examination and analysis. Results: 1. We could achieve the successful reconstruction of the horizontal bone defect by auto block bone graft. The grafted bone block remained stable morohologically after 16 weeks of the surgery. 2. In the histologic view. We observed osteoid tissue from the sample $4^{th}$ week sample and active capillary reconstruction in the grafted bone from the $12^{th}$ week sample. Healing procedures of auto bone grafts were compared to that of the host bone. 3. Bone mineralization could be detected from the $8^{th}$ week sample. 4. Fluorochrome labeling showed active bony changes and formation at the interface of the host bone and the block graft mainly. Bony activation in the grafted bone could be seen from the $4^{th}$ week samples. Conclusions: Active bone formation and remodeling between the grafted bone and host bone can be seen through the revascularization. After the perfect adhesion to host bone, Timing of successful implant installation can be detected through the ideal ridge formation by horizontal ridge augmentation.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2011

The optimum mold design and the optimum process condition were constructed upon executing process simulation of rubber injection molding with the commercial CAE program of MOLDFLOW (Ver. 5.2) in order to solve the process-problems of K company relating to cracks, which occurs at the inner cavity wall of C. V. joint boots. As a result it was confirmed that the real cracks occurs at the exactly same position of the cavity as exhibits the defects of weld and meld line and unsatisfactory curing according to the result of simulation. In order to prevent the occurrence of weld and meld line at the defect-position, the location of gate was altered to the optimum position of the cavity. Consequently the filling pattern was established to minimize the degree of the melt-fronts confronting or the melt-flows melding to prevent the occurrence of weld and meld line at the defect-position. It was observed that both gate-positions to maximize the degree of the formation of weld and meld line and air traps are located, respectively, in opposite direction each other with reference to the optimum gate position. In addition, the temperature of mold was raised by $10^{\circ}C$ and maintained at $170^{\circ}C$ for satisfactory curing.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.265-273
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• 1992

Rest gated blood pool scan (Rest GBP scan) and dipyridamole $^{99m}Tc-MIBI$ SPECT were Performed in 34 patients with or suspected coronary artery disease. Both studies were performed within $2\sim32$ days (mean 8.1 days). A significant correlation was present between left ventricular ejection fraction (r= -0.7356, p<0.001) and peak ejection rate and peak filling rate in rest GBP scan and perfusion defect in MIBI SPECT. And there were acceptable correlations (0.05$26.2{\pm}10.8%$, severe hypokinesia, akinesia or dyskinesia in 16 regions: $78.2{\pm}23.7$, p<0.001). These data indicate there is a significant coupling between the degree of myocardial perfusion and the myocardial functional change in coronary artery disease.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.221-226
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• 2013

Purpose: This study is to evaluate the efficacy of the autogenous tooth bone graft material, clinically and radiologically, as related to implant installation. Methods: In oral and maxillofacial surgery department of Ajou University Hospital, guided bone regeneration (GBR), implant placement combined with GBR, sinus graft, implant placement combined with sinus graft, and defect filling were performed in 46 patients, using autogenous tooth bone. Among these, 66 implants were inserted with autogenous tooth bone. Implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured by Osstell Mentor (Integration Diagnostics, Goteborg, Sweden) on 39 implants on the operation date and 4 months later, and on 21 implants 9months on the average at the final setting of restoration. Twenty-eight implants with GBR and sinus graft (GBR group: n=14, sinus graft group: n=14) were evaluated radiologically to measure the resorption of grafted autogenous tooth bone after loading. Results: The average initial stabilization of the installed implants was 67 ISQ, and the average secondary stabilization at 4 months later was 76. The average bone loss of GBR group as measured 8.0 months after application of prosthesis loading was 0.29 mm and the average bone loss of the sinus graft group as measured 7.6 months after application of prosthesis loading was 0.66 mm, respectively. In the histological assessment, formation of the new bone and continuous trabecular bone pattern was identified around autogenous tooth bone. Conclusion: Based on these results, we concluded that autogenous tooth bone is an excellent bone graft material that can substitute the autogenous bone.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.705-715
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• 2003

Procedures for treatment of molar furcation invasion defects range from open flap debridement, apically repositioned flap surgery, hemisection, tunneling or extraction, to regenerative therapies using bone grafting or guided tissue regenerative therapy, or a combination of both. Several clinical evaluations using regenerative techniques have reported the potential for osseous repair of treated furcation invasions. Regenerative treatment of maxillary molars are more difficult due to the multiple root anatomy and multiple furcation entrances therefore, purpose of this study was to evaluated histologically compomer and Ketac Silver as a barrier in the treatment of a bi-furcated maxillary premolar. Five adult beagle dogs were used in this experiment. With intrasulcular and crestal incision, mucoperiostcal flap was elevated. Following decortication with 1/2 high speed round bur, furcation defect was made on maxillary premolar. 2 month later one premolar was filled with compomer and the other premolar was filled with Ketac Silver. After 4, 8 weeks, the animals were sacrificed by vascular perfusion. Tissue block was excised including the tooth and prepared for light microscope with H-E staining. Results were as follows. 1. Compomer & Ketac Silver restoration were encapsulated fine connective tissue. 2. In 4 weeks, compomer & Ketac Silver restoration slightly infiltrated inflammatory cells but not disturb the new bone or new cementum formation. 3. In 8 weeks, compomer & Ketac Silver restoration were less infiltrated iflammatory cell and encapsulated fine connective tissue. 4. Therefore, compomer & Ketac Silver filling to the grade III maxillary furcations with multiple root anatomy and multiple furcation entrances is possible clinical method and this technique is useful method for maxillary furcation involvement but it is thought that periodic maintenance should be needed

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.4 no.1 s.9
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• pp.9-15
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• 2000

In order to investigate the structural defects of a cylindrical-type toluene storage tank, we carried out the acoustic emissions. The storage tank was manufactured with high strength steel in 1978 and its's first and second courses from bottom were entirely repaired, recently. Acoustic emissions were monitored with real time according to load sequences in the $75{\~}84\%$ level range of maximum allowable load. Our results show a non-genuine acoustic emissions as well as a genuine characteristics. The pseudo emissions considered as valve noises were transiently occurred on shut-off processes of inlet valve regardless of water loading. The acoustic emission events occurred during water filling phase were estimated due to defects, and in the $75{\~}84\%$ test load level no evidences of defect growth were observed. Those defects were ascertained as weld cracks and porosities through the post radiography testing conducted near active sensors.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.165-170
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• 2008

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as obstructive jaundice is 0.7~9%. The mechanisms of obstructive jaundice include bile duct invasion by tumor, tumor thrombi, blood clots, direct bile duct compression by tumor, and intraductal tumor growth. We report a rare case of hepatocellular carcinoma with intraductal growth. A 46-year-old woman was admitted due to colicky right upper abdominal pain and jaundice for 4 days. Computed tomography showed dilatation of the left intrahepatic duct, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography showed a filling defect in the left main intrahepatic duct. We performed a left lobectomy with a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. The tumor was diagnosed as a hepatocellular carcinoma with intraductal growth.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.168-176
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of current study is to evaluate the response of the patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) or hepatic vein thrombosis (HVT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT). In addition, survival of patients and potential prognostic factors of the survival was evaluated. Materials and Methods: Forty-seven patients with PVT or HVT in HCC, referred to our department for radiotherapy, were retrospectively reviewed. For 3D-CRT plans, a gross tumor volume (GTV) was defined as a hypodense filling defect area in the portal vein (PV) or hepatic vein (HV). Survival of patients, and response to radiation therapy (RT) were analyzed. Potential prognostic factors for survival and response to RT were evaluated. Results: The median survival time of 47 patients was 8 months, with 1-year survival rate of 15% and response rate of 40%. Changes in Child-Pugh score, response to RT, Eastern cooperative oncology group performance status (ECOG PS), hepatitis C antibody (HCVAb) positivity, and additional post RT treatment were statistically significant prognostic factors for survival in univariate analysis (p = 0.000, p = 0.018, p = 0.000, p = 0.013, and p = 0.047, respectively). Of these factors, changes in Child-Pugh score, and response to RT were significant for patients' prognosis in multivariate analysis (p = 0.001 and p = 0.035, respectively). Conclusion: RT could constitute a reasonable treatment option for patients with PVT or HVT in HCC with acceptable toxicity. Changes in Child-Pugh score, and response to RT were statistically significant factors of survival of patients.