• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.163-170
• /
• 2011

Analysis of load on major parts of the tractor power drive line is critical for efficient and optimum design of a tractor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate severeness of the tractor PTO driving axle during rotary tillage operation. First, S-N (stress vs. number of cycle) curve of a PTO driving gear was obtained through the fatigue life test using a PTO dynamometer. Second, PTO severeness was evaluated during rotary tillage operation. Torque measurement system was constructed with strain-gauge sensors to measure torque of a PTO axle, an I/O interface to acquire the sensor signals, and an embedded system to calculate severeness. The severeness of PTO was analyzed using measured torque data during rotary tillage. In the PTO gear life fatigue test, breakage time and bending stress of the gear were measured by tooth widths and torque change during the fatigue life test. The S-N curve showed a good linear relationship between bending stress and number of cycle (life) with a coefficient of determination of 0.97. For PTO severenss evaluation, rotary tillage operations were conducted at two PTO rotational speeds (level-1, level-2) under different paddy and upland field sites with different soil conditions. Results of averaged relative severeness for PTO level-1 and PTO level-2 were 1.96 and 3.34, respectively, at paddy field sites, and they were 1.36 and 2.51, respectively, at upland field sites. The results showed that the PTO driving axle experienced more severe load during rotary tillage at paddy fields than at upland sites, and relative severeness was greater at the higher PTO rotational speed under all of the soil conditions.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2015년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.183-184
• /
• 2015

Recent structural approach of the House of Commons has been an increase in demand for dry wall light due to a change in load bearing composite structure of a flat plate type structure under the name of long-life housing, attach the attachment to the wall as the needs of the residents of reserved space increases things that are on the rise. However, depending on the strength of collapse accidents is shown wall and recent wall deposits are required, a load resistance evaluation method of the deposit of the need is the situation. Therefore, in this study, for the evaluation of the evaluation of dry lightweight wall as widely used gypsum board and ALC lightweight wall of two types of laboratory the wall through the previous studies to be installed in direct co-housing to the target and field experiments I want to evaluate the different points.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제15권7호
• /
• pp.4588-4594
• /
• 2014

본 연구에서는 연약지반에서의 경량콘크리트포장을 적용할 때의 안전성 평가를 위해 실제 포장체 사이즈의 1/30으로 축소한 모형을 이용하여 모래지반에서 실험을 실시하였다. 모형토조를 이용하여 지반을 조성하였고, 표준 말뚝재하시험(완속재하시험방법)을 이용하였다. 수직하중이 적용되는 말뚝기초의 슬래브의 중심에서 가까운 순으로 Case A, Case B, Case C로 구분하였고, 각각의 말뚝의 간격은 8cm로 하였다. 말뚝기초 모형시험결과 사질토지반에서 수직하중을 1.5kg에서 12kg로 증가시킬 때 포장체가 전체적으로 침하하였고, 최대 침하량은 0.4mm로 측정되었다. Case A의 경우 압축력을 받는 것으로 나타났으며, Case B는 수직하중이 증가함에 따라 말뚝에 압축력과 함께 인장력도 같이 받는 것으로 보이며, Case C는 하중단계가 증가할수록 인장변형이 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 2009

본 논문에서는 도로를 보강하는 토목섬유 중 지오셀을 이용하였을 때의 보강효과를 알아보기 위해서 실내시험과 현장시험을 실시하였다. 실내 시험은 실대형 직접전단시험기와 모형토조 직접전단시험기를 이용하여 수직응력에 따른 전단응력 곡선을 산정하고 이를 통해 지오셀이 점착력과 내부마찰각을 증가하는 효과를 볼 수 있었다. 실내시험의 결과값을 Terzaghi 공식과 Meyerhof의 공식을 이용하여 극한지지력값을 계산하고 현장시험에서 확인한 극한 지지력값과 비교하여 지오셀의 보강효과를 확인하였다. 분석결과, 직접전단시험을 통해 지오셀의 보강효과가 내부마찰각의 증가에 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 셀의 개수가 커질수록 내부마찰각이 커짐을 확인하여 보강면적이 넓을수록 보강효과가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 지지력에 미치는 영향요소중 내부마찰각을 증가시키는 지오셀을 도로저부에 시공할 경우 내부마찰각의 증가로 지지력 또한 증가하는 것을 확인하였으며, 평판재하시험의 결과값을 통해 지오셀보강이 극한지지력값의 증가효과에 2배정도의 보강효과를 확인하였다. 수치해석을 통해 변형의 분포와 침하량을 확인한 결과, 침하량은 지오셀에 의해 줄어드는 결과를 보여 침하에 대한 보강효과를 확인하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2018

In this paper, I purpose one of the development methods for portable Automatic field Test Equipment(ATE) with VME form factor. Almost portable ATE have not used to standards form factor and they are connected by mechanical non-rigid general connectors and wire harnesses among the components. Furthermore, it is hard to reuse developed board. So, it decreases to reusability of developed board and it is hard to maintenance of ATE. Even those things have weakness for vibration and drop test especially in portable ATE. The XK9A1 ATE using VME form factor has environmental reliability through vibration, drop, temperature test. It consists of 5 developed board called the control board, the wire & wireless communication board, the power supply board, the load board and the mother board. It is connected by two wire harnesses between mother board and extern circular connectors. The control board send the data and address to other board though each 16-bit data and 20-bit address line. You can develop the function board what you want to using those data & address line when it comes to needing other function board.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.211-234
• /
• 2016

A total of 99 full-scale field load tests at 22 sites were compiled for this study to elucidate several issues related to the load-displacement behaviour of belled piers under axial uplift loading, including (1) interpretation criteria to define various elastic, inelastic, and "failure" states for each load test from the load-displacement curve; (2) generalized correlations among these states and determinations to the predicted ultimate uplift resistances; (3) uncertainty in the resistance model factor statistics required for reliability-based ultimate limit state (ULS) design; (4) uncertainty associated with the normalized load-displacement curves and the resulting model factor statistics required for reliability-based serviceability limit state (SLS) design; and (5) variations of the combined ULS and SLS model factor statistics for reliability-based limit state designs. The approaches discussed in this study are practical and grounded realistically on the load tests of belled piers with minimal assumptions. The results on the characterization and uncertainty of uplift load-displacement behaviour of belled piers could be served as to extend the early contributions for reliability-based ULS and SLS designs.

• 한국기계가공학회지
• /
• 제20권8호
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2021

In this study, we installed forward and reverse rotation rotavators on a tractor to measure the load in the field and analyze the power consumed. The rotavator is attached to the rear of the tractor and transmits the power applied from the power take off (PTO) of the tractor to the rotating shaft of the rotavator, and it plows or reverses the soil according to the rotational direction of the rotating shaft. Depending on the rotational direction of the rotavator, the power consumed in the tractor engine and the power transmitted to the tractor axle and rotavator also vary, thus, research of load and power is an essential factor in designing the system. As a field test results, 84.1-93.5% power was consumed by the forward rotation rotavator, and 37.8-57.5% power was consumed by the reverse rotation rotavator. In addition, depending on the rotation direction of the rotavator, the power consumed by the tractor was in the order of PTO and axle. Based on the research results, development of reliable rotavator systems would be possible in the future research.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.17-27
• /
• 2023

Taking a subway shield tunnel in a certain section of Zhengzhou Metro Line 5 as an example, the field tests of shield cutting cement-soil monopile composite foundation were carried out. The load and internal force of the tunnel lining under the action of composite foundation were tested on-site and the distribution characteristics and variation laws of earth pressure around the tunnel under the load holding state of the composite foundation were analyzed. Five different load combinations (i.e., overburden load theory + q₀, Terzaghi's theory + q₀, Bierbaumer's theory + q₀, Xie's theory + q₀, and the proposed method (the combination of compound weight method and Terzaghi's theory) + q₀) were used to calculate the internal force of the tunnel structure and the obtained results were compared with the measured internal force results. The action mode of earth pressure on the tunnel lining structure was evaluated. Research results show that the earth pressure obtained by the calculation method proposed in this paper was more consistent with the measured value and the deviation between the two was within 5%. The distribution of the calculated internal force of the tunnel structure was more in line with the distribution law of field test data and the deviation between the calculated and measured values was small. This effectively verified the rationality and applicability of the proposed calculation method. Research results provided references for the design and evaluation of shield tunnels under the action of composite foundations.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.169-183
• /
• 2007

쇄석다짐말뚝으로 보강된 연약지반 상 기초지반의 침하특성과 하중분담효과를 구명하기 위하여 말뚝과 지반의 경계면 조건, 치환율, 형상비 및 상재하중 등을 고려하여 말뚝의 입력물성치 산정을 위한 현장재하시험과 수치해석을 수행하였고 본 연구의 해석결과와 비교, 검증하기 위하여 현장원형(prototype)시험을 진행 중에 있다. 아울러 기존의 SCP에 대한 탄성 하중전이 이론을 보정하여 수정식을 제안하였다. 해석결과 연성기초에 설치된 쇄석다짐말뚝의 경우 강성기초와는 다르게 경계면 조건에 따라 크게 영향을 받으며 침하특성은 자유변형률(free strain)로 인하여 말뚝은 감소하고 주변지반은 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 응력집중비는 말뚝 하부로 내려감에 따라 증가하였다. 또한 치환율과 형상비 증가에 따라 최대 응력집중비가 증가하나 어느 한계 이상에서는 수렴되었고 고치환율과 긴 말뚝에서는 상재하중 증가에 따른 영향을 크게 받는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.7-18
• /
• 1989

암반에 지지된 선단지지맡뚝에 대한 연직재하시험시, 극한하중에 이르기까지 재하를 실시하는 것은 일반적으로 불가능하다. 이러한 경우 말뚝재하시험결과로부터 설계하중을 결정하기 위하여 봉복 윤중의 개념이 도입되어 오고 있다. 그러나, 이 강복초중을 결정하기가 용이하지 않은 경우가 많다. 본 논문에서는 우리나라 서해안과 남해안 지대 6개 현장에서 실시된 말뚝재하시험결과를 검토분 석하여 항복하중을 쉽게 결정할 수 있는 새로운 방법을 제안하였다. 이 방법에서 강복하대은 말뚝의 침하량을 대수눈금으로, 하중을 정규눈금으로 한 반대수응지상에 정리된 하중과 침하량 체선(P- log영상의 변곡점으로 정의되었다. 이 방법에 의한 강복연동보다 약간 많은 하중까지 재하시험을실 기하므로써, 말뚝재하시험의 비용과 시간을 절약할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 안전한 작업조건도 마련할 수 있다. 이 강복하중은 하중과 침하량 거동의 탄성한계를 규정짓는 하중이 됨을 알 수 있었다. 25.4 mm침하시의 하중으로 결정되는 식한하동은 이 강복륜중의 1.i배에 해당하였으며 장기 및 단기 허 용하중은 각각 이 항복하중의 50%와 75%에 해당하였다. 또한 정역학적 지지력공식을 사용하여 허 용지지력을 구할 경우 안전율은 2.0~4.0으로 밝혀졌다.