• ALGAE
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.175-187
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• 2016

This study evaluated the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-enriched fermented sea tangle (GFST), as a functional food, on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-related muscle growth and lipolysis, in a sarcopenic obesity high-risk group. Twenty-one middle-aged women (53-63 y) participated in this randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. Participants ingested either 1,000 mg of GFST (n = 10) or a sucrose placebo (CON) (n = 11) everyday, for 8 weeks. Subjects were asked to abstain from any regular exercise. Fasting venous blood samples, body composition and muscular strength were measured before and after supplementation period. Collectively, we demonstrated that GFST significantly decreased total fat mass and triglyceride in body composition, as well as significantly increasing serum BDNF (p < 0.001), angiotensin converting enzyme (p < 0.001), human growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels (p < 0.05 and p < 0.05, respectively) accompanied by increased total lean mass (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the reported improvements in total work, knee extension and flexion at 60° s⁻¹ (p < 0.05), and peak torque normalized to body weight of knee flexion at 60° s⁻¹ (p < 0.05), support an ergogenic effect of GABA associated with increased growth factor levels. The use of GFST, as a functional food ingredient, to elicit anti-obesity effects and stimulate the release of muscle-related growth factors with increasing serum BDNF levels may provide a protective intervention for age-related degeneration such as sarcopenic obesity.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2011

The sea tangle, Laminaria japonica has long been used in Korea as a folk remedy to promote health. Gamma-amino butyric acid-enriched (5.56% of dry weight) sea tangle was obtained by fermentation with Lactobacillus brevis BJ-20 (FLJ). A suppressive effect of FLJ on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity has been shown previously. Alcohol administration to Sprague-Dawley rats leads to hepatotoxicity, as demonstrated by heightened levels of hepatic marker enzymes as well as increases in both the number and volume of lipid droplets as fatty liver progresses. However, FLJ attenuated alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity and the accumulation of lipid droplets following ethanol administration. Additionally, FLJ increased the activities and transcript levels of major alcoholmetabolizing enzymes, such as alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase, and reduced blood concentrations of alcohol and acetaldehyde. These data suggest that FLJ protects against alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity and that FLJ could be used as an ingredient in functional foods to ameliorate the effects of excessive alcohol consumption.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.517-526
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 효소 가수분해 및 유산균 혼합발효기술을 이용하여 GABA 함량이 강화된 발효 다시마 추출물을 생산함에 있다. TLC 분석방법을 통해 GABA 생성능력이 우수한 균주 L. plantarum KCTC 21004, L. acidophilus KCTC 3164, L. sakei subsp. sakei KCTC 3598를 선정하였다. 선정된 균주를 이용한 유산균 발효의 특성은 배양 시간이 증가 할수록 적정 산도는 증가하였고 pH는 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. GABA 생성능력이 우수한 3종의 균주 중 L. plantarum KCTC 21004이 GABA 함량이 136.4 mg/100g으로 우수하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 유산균을 이용한 GABA 생산과정에 있어서 기초적인 자료로 제공될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.707-713
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• 2017

Saccharina japonica is a type of seaweed rich in dietary fiber, iodine, calcium, and selenium. We investigated the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of gruel made with S. japonica powder, and identified the best ratio of powder to gruel to maximize its health effects. The gruel was prepared with rice, glutinous rice, GABA (${\gamma}-aminobutyric$ acid)-enriched sea tangle fermented in lactic acid (0.3%), and various amounts (0-10% gruel volume) of S. japonica powder. The pH, color, viscosity, spreadability, antioxidant activities, and sensory evaluation of the gruel were investigated. Spreadability and pH decreased, whereas viscosity and antioxidant activities increased, with increasing powder content. In addition, color lightness decreased significantly, whereas redness and yellowness increased. In sensory tests, color, aroma, and texture were rated highest for gruel with 5% powder. On the other hand, flavor and overall acceptability were considered optimal in gruel with 7% powder.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2008

중심합성계획법을 이용한 반응표면분석에 따라 다시마 추출액으로 tea fungus 발효 특성을 모니터링 하였으며, 그 발효액의 관능적 검사를 하였다. 그 결과, 다시마 추출액을 이용한 산형 발효 음료 제조시 산도는 $0.0318{\sim}0.8904$, pH는 $0.64{\sim}2.18$, 당도는 $0.6{\sim}8.0$ 및 겔 두께는 $0{\sim}17.5$ mm 등으로 처리구에 따라 큰 변화가 있었으며, 산의 함량이 가장 높은 처리구는 알코올 함량 2.00%, 당 함량 10.17% 및 감귤과즙 함량 1.99%이었고, 그때 예측된 산도는 0.94였다. 부수적으로 배양액 표면에 생성되는 겔은 알코올 함량 1.98%,당 함량 10.94% 및 감귤과즙 함량이 1.62%일때 최대치 20.13 mm를 나타내었다. 겔이 생성될 때 다량의 유기산이 소모되므로 적정량의 유기산을 함유한 발효액을 수거하기 위해서는 겔의 생성을 저해하면서 발효액의 유기산을 확보할 수 있는 방법이 고안되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. 관능검사 결과, 전체적인 기호도에서는 알코올 함량 1.0%, 당 함량 10.0%, 감귤과즙 4.0% 첨가구가 $3.67{\pm}0.58$로 가장 높게 평가되었다. 감귤과즙 첨가 유무는 기호도에 크게 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 보이며 다시마 추출액만 이용하여 발효하여도 다시마 특유의 비린내는 사라지고 발효가 진행되면서 생성되는 유기산에 의해 마시기에 적절한 발효액이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2019

Natural seasoning are trends of food industries to replace synthesized seasoning due to consumer preference. However, unexpected results can be happened in a point of sensory evaluation and physico-chemical properties by adding natural seasoning such as reduced flavor, color change and so on. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the potential of sea tangle Saccharina japonica extract fermented by lactic acid bacteria (STE) for myungran (pollock roe)-jeot instead of present synthesized seasoning. Among various STE concentration (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) in myungranjeot, there was no significant physicochemical changes in a point of crude lipid, pH, total acidity, salinity and color difference. Microbiological profiles was also not significantly different. The 10% STE-myungran-jeot showed higher ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content as 24.4 mg/100g at free amino acid analysis than other STE-myungran-jeot without decline of sensory properties. In overall, it revealed that STE could replace the synthesized seasoning and improve the quality of Myungran-jeot. The results suggest that STE can be useful to develop a Korean traditional fermented food.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 1994

다시마 마쇄물을 이용하여 멸치젓갈의 숙성촉진에 관하여 연구 검토하였으며 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 다시마 마쇄물 $8\%$(w/w) 첨가구(T)는 숙성 80일로부터 pH가 빠른 속도로 증가하였으며 대조구보다 아미노 질소 함량이 다소 낮게 유지되었으나 숙성 120일에 대부분의 육이 액화되어 오히려 숙성이 촉진되는 것으로 나타났다. 2. 육의 숙성 초기 아미노질소의 함량이 높게 유지 되고 액즙에서의 숙성기간에 따른 아미질소 함량의 증가 및 숙성 중 균수와 pH의 상승이 숙성 촉진에 관여하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.291-297
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• 2005

소비자의 기호 및 상품성을 높이고 다시마, 청매실, 동충하초, 키토산의 여러 성분과 영양 및 기능성이 향상된 저염 멸치액젓을 개발하고자, 5년간 숙성시킨 멸치액젓(식염 26%)에 끓인 물로 염 농도를 14 및 17%으로 조정한 후 다시마, 청매실, 동충하초, 키토산을 첨가하여 150일 동안 후 숙성하면서 나타나는 제품의 품질특성을 분석하였다. 저장기간 동안에 pH는 서서히 감소하였고, 아미노질소 및 휘발성 염기 질소량은 저장 50일째까지 증가하였다가, 일정한 값을 유지하였으며, TBA 값은 저장 50일째까지 증가하였다가 감소하였다. 생균수를 비롯한 젖산균, 단백질분해균 및 곰팡이균은 후 숙성이 진행됨에 따라 다소 일정한 증가율을 나타내었다. 다시마, 청매실, 동충하초 및 키토산 첨가에 따른 제품 열화현상은 저장 150일째까지는 나타나지 않아서, 저염 멸치액젓으로 상품화의 개발이 가능함을 확인하였다. 하지만 숙성 150일부터는 관능적으로 다소 감소함을 볼 수 있어서 유통기한에 대한 실험과 제조된 저염 멸치액젓에 대한 기능성 검증에 대한 실험이 추가적으로 필요하다고 본다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.477-490
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• 2018

This study investigated the changes in the quality of doenjang (a fermented bean paste) with the addition of Sea tangle Saccharina japonica powder fermented by lactic acid bacteria (FSP). Doenjang was prepared without or with FSP and with various amounts of doenjang (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 3% by volume), and fermented at $25^{\circ}C$ for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, the antioxidant activity, microbiological characteristics, and physicochemical parameters were examined. We detected no significant differences in the color profiles. However, following the addition of FSP to doenjang, the amino nitrogen content and antioxidant properties were enhanced. Furthermore, the FSP-doenjang contained higher levels of ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (297.55-300.03 mg/100 g), a biofunctional ingredient. These results suggest the potential for developing a traditional Korean fermented food with enhanced antioxidant activity and ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid content using FSP.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.256-261
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• 2007

Apoptosis is a step of the cell cycle which is important in the regulation of immune cell populations. Chungkookjang is a Korean traditional fermented soybean containing microorganisms, enzymes, and bioactive compounds which was used in the treatment of mouse spleen as well as thymus cells (CH1-fermented soybean containing barley, wormwood, and sea tangle; CH2-fermented soybean) and was found to exhibit substantially reduced small DNA fragmentation. An MTT assay showed that the treatment of CH1 and CH2 into the mouse splenocytes and thymocytes sharply increased their survival. Moreover, a FACS analysis also showed that CH1 and CH2 are effective at suppressing the apoptosis of splenocytes and thymocytes. The fermented soybean isoflavone concentrations, which are implicated in lowering breast and prostate cancers, lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and improving bone health, were determined using Capillary Electrophoresis-Electrochemical Detection (CE-ED). The amount of Daidzein in fermented soybean significantly increased by 44-fold dramatically, compared with those in unfermented soybean. In this study, we demonstrated that ethanol extracts of Chungkookjang promote the survival of the mouse spleen and thymus cells in culture by suppressing their apoptotic death. Future studies should investigate which genes are related to apoptosis of the immune cells.