• 축산식품과학과 산업
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2013

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1594-1599
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• 2005

The effects of long-term feeding of diets based on bermudagrass hay supplemented with lucerne hay cube (LH) or fermented bagasse feed (FBF) on the growth rate, feed efficiency, behaviour, gut development, carcass characteristics and meat quality of goats were investigated. Six spring-born 8-month-old male crossbred (Japanese Saanen${\times}$Tokara native goats) bucks weighing mean 21.6 kg were allotted to 2 treatment groups (3 animals each) and each animal had ad libitum access to feeds, i.e. bermudagrass hay (basal diet)+LH or FBF throughout the experiment. The FBF was produced by the solid-state fermentation of substrates containing dried sugarcane bagasse mixed with wheat bran in a ratio of 1:3 (w/w DM) with Aspergillus sojae. The live body weight, final weight and average daily gain were not different between treatments. Average basal diet intake of goats fed FBF diet was significantly higher than that fed LH diet (p<0.05), but average dry matter intake (DMI; g/day and g/$W^{0.75}$), feed conversion ratio, digestible crude protein (DCP) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) intake of experimental diets were not significantly different between treatments. Goats fed on LH and FBF diets had similar eating, rumination, resting and drinking behaviours, and blood constituents except for phosphorus content. Slaughter and carcass weights, net meat percentage [(total meat/carcass weight)${\times}$100], loin ratio [(loin/total meat)${\times}$100] and rib-eye area were not different between treatments. However, goats fed FBF diet had lower dressing percentage and higher bone/muscle ratio compared with goats fed LH diet (p<0.01). Empty gut and guts fill of goats fed FBF diet were significantly greater (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively) than those fed LH diet. The weights of rumen and abomasum were also significantly heavier in goats fed FBF diet (p<0.05), but the length and density of papillae of rumen in goats were not different between treatments. Although meat composition of loin was not different in both groups, the meat of goats fed FBF diet was superior to that of LH diet in flavor, aroma and overall quality of loin (p<0.01). In conclusion, the nature of the diet consumed voluntarily did not affect subsequent growth, nutrient intake and behaviour of goats but had an influence on carcass traits and sensory evaluation of meat partly, when either of LH or FBF was fed with bermudagrass hay.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.329-340
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• 2007

본 시험은 발효산삼 배양액 부산물 급여에 따른 돼지 생산성, 혈액특성, 육질 특성 및 돈육내 진세노사이드에 관하여 평가하였다. 시험 동물은 3원교잡종(Landrace×Yorkshire×Duroc) 비육돈 48두를 공시하여 7주간 실시하였고, 시험 개시체중은 76.26±1.06kg이었다. 시험 사료는 기초사료를 대조구(CON)로 설정하였고, 처리구 1(FWG1)은 기초사료에 발효산삼 배양액 부산물 2.5%을 첨가하여 배합하였고, 처리구 2(FWG2)는 기초사료에 발효산삼 배양액 부산물 5.0%을 첨가하여 배합하였다. 시험구는 각 처리당 4마리씩 4반복으로 완전임의 배치하여 실시하였다. 성장률에서는 49일간 일당증체량, 일당사료섭취량 및 사료 효율에서 처리구간 유의적 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 건물 소화율에서는 CON 처리구에 비해 FWG1 처리구가 유의적으로 높은 결과를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 혈액내 콜레스테롤 농도에서 HDL 콜레스테롤은 FWG1 처리구에 비해 CON 처리구 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). 육질특성에서 지방산패도는 CON 처리구에 비해 FWG1과 FWG2 처리구가 유의적으로 감소하였다(P<0.05). 관능검사에서는 근내 지방도는 FWG1 처리구에 비해 CON 처리구가 유의적으로 높게 나타내었다(P<0.05). 경도는 FWG1와 CON 처리구가 FWG1 처리구에 비해 높게 나타내었다(P<0.05). 육색에서 등심의 L*은 FWG1 처리구와 비교하여 CON과 FWG2 처리구가 유의적으로 증가 하였다(P<0.05). 등심의 a*와 b*은 CON 처리구와 FWG1처리구와 비교하여 FWG2 처리구가 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). 육내 ginseno- side는 CON 처리구에 비해 FWG2 처리구가 유의적으로 높은 결과를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 결론적으로 발효산삼 배양액 부산물은 비육돈에서 건물 소화율, 지방산패도, 경도, 육색 및 육내 ginsenoside에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.739-746
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• 2002

본 연구는 한우 수소 10두를 공시하여 전남 영암군의 지역특산물인 무화과 열매와 잎를 발효시킨 발효물을 10% 첨가하여 출하전 8개월간 급여하였을 때 생산성, 혈액성상, 도체성적 및 육질특성을 조사하였다. 한우 수소에 무화과 발효물 10%을 급여했을때 사료섭취량은 무화과 발효물 급여구가 대조구에 비해 약간 증가하였으나, 종료체중과 일당증체량에서는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이는 나타내지 않았다. 혈액성상은 처리구간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 도체성적에서는 육량등급에는 처리간에 차이는 없었으나 육질등급에서 무화과 발효물 급여구에서 근내지방도가 유의적(P<0.05)으로 증가하여 육질등급 개선 효과가 있었다. 산육성적은 처리간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 등심의 이화학적 특성으로 조지방 함량이 무화과 발효물 급여구에서 유의적(P<0.05)으로 증가하였다. 물리적 특성에서는 pH와 육색, 가열감량에는 처리간에 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, 전단력과 cholesterol 함량은 무화과 발효물 급여구에서 유의적(P<0.05)으로 감소하였다. 지방산 조성에서는 등심부위에서 리놀레인산이 무화과 발효물 급여구에서 유의적(P< 0.05)으로 증가하였으며 무화과 발효물 급여구의 등심부위 피하지방에서 C16:0이 유의적(P< 0.05)으로 감소한 반면 C18:1는 유의적(P<0.05)으로 증가하였다. 따라서 무화과 발효물 급여구에서 포화지방산이 유의적(P<0.05)으로 감소한 반면에 불포화지방산은 유의적(P<0.05)으로 증가하였다. 관능평가에서는 냄새는 무화과 발효물 급여구에서 약간 개선되었으며 외관과 맛에 있어서는 무화과 발효물 급여구에서 유의적(P<0.05)으로 증가하였다. 이상의 결과, 무화과 열매와 잎을 발효시킨 발효물을 한우 수소에 급여시 도체등급 향상에 따른 축산농가의 생산성 향상과 더불어 한우고기의 연도개선과 저콜레스테롤 그리고 외관과 맛에 차별화로 고급육생산에 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.450-456
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• 2007

본 연구는 발효무기물 사료 급여기간 및 급여수준이 한우거세우의 일당증체량, 육량, 육질 및 경제성에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 급여기간을 두구(T1: 비육후기 7개월 동안 급여, T2: 육성기에서 비육후기까지 18개월 급여)로 하고, 급여수준(농후사료 기준으로 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% 첨가)을 세구 로 하여 총 7처리로 실시하였다. 본 시험에서 얻어진 주요한 결과를 하면 다음과 같다. T1에 있어서 일당증체량은 1%구(1.08 kg) > 2%구(0.90 kg) > 3%구(0.75 kg) > 0%구(0.64 kg) 첨가 순으로 나타났으며, T2에서는 1%구(0.98 kg) > 0%구(0.91 kg) > 3%구(0.89 kg) 순으로 나타났다. 등지방 두께는 T1 및 T2 모두 발효 무기물 사료 첨가량이 높을수록 등지방 두께는 얇아져 육량등급에 매우 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 배장근 단면적은 무처리구(0%)에 비하여 처리구(1%, 2% 및 3%)가 모두 높게 나타났으며, 육질등급에 가장 중요한 근내지방도는 T1에 있어서는 3% 첨가구(4.2)가 T2에 있어서는 1% 첨가구(5.6)가 가장 높게 나타났다. 지방색 및 성숙도에 있어서는 처리구와 무처리구 간에 뚜렷한 경향치를 보이지 않았다. 육량과 육질에 있어서 T1은 3% 처리구가 가장 좋았던 반면 T2에 있어서는 1% 처리구가 가장 좋게 나타났다. 경제성에 있어서는 1% 첨가구가 T1 및 T2에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 이상 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 발효 무기물 사료 1%첨가 급여는 한우 성장 및 육량, 육질을 개선을 함으로써 경제성이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.362-376
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• 2020

Rabbit meat bekasam is a traditional fermentation product from Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the chemical and microbiological characteristics of rabbit meat bekasam during the fermentation process in order to isolate, characterize (in vitro and in vivo), and identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as the probiotic candidate. The chemical contents of bekasam on 7-day fermentation were investigated in explorative and experimental methods in a completely randomized design. A proximate analysis reported a decrease in the moisture content, fat and carbohydrate content, and an increase in protein content. Also, lactic acid content was increased from 0.48% to 1.12%, and pH was decreased from 5.3 to 4.3. Other properties indicated different values, such as bacteria (2.75×10⁶ to 4.45×10⁷ CFU/g), total LAB (3.82×10⁶ to 4.67×10⁸ CFU/g), total yeast (9.89×10⁶ to 3.82×10⁸ CFU/g) and total mould (4.34×10¹ to 4.86×10³ CFU/g). The experiment produced nine LAB isolates, including two probiotics subjected to further 16S rRNA gene analysis, which indicated that Lactobacillus buchneri was the potential probiotic isolate. After being tested on BALB/c mice, L. buchneri could improve the immune system by inhibiting the growth of Coliform and Salmonella.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2005

Outside muscle of pork ham were cut to cube(7 $\times$ 10 $\times$2 ern) and three Korea traditional seasonings such as soybean paste(Tl), garlic paste(T2), red pepper paste(T3) were seasoned by the proportions of meat to seasonings(1 : 1), respectively. The seasoned samples were fermented by fill into plastic box at 0 $\pm$ 1 $^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. And then, the fermented meat from each pack was vacuum-packaged and stored at 0 $\pm$ 1 $^{\circ}C$ for up to 9 weeks. pH and shear force were decreased during storage periods in all treatment groups and WHC was decreased with storage in T2. The saccarinity of T1 was increased and salinity increased during storage in all treatment groups. pH of T2 was increased than that of other treatments, while decreased saccarinity and shear force of in T2. The salinity were higher in the order of T1 > T2 > T3. Volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) value were increased with storage in all treatment groups. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TSARS) value of Tl was increased with storage while it was decreased T2. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TSARS) value was higher in the order of T1 > T3 > T2 at 9weeks of storage. Surface meat L' values of T1 was increased with storage and T3 decreased with storage whereas, surface meat a' values of T1 was decreased with storage, and T2 was increased with storage. Surface meat b' values of T3 was decreased with storage. Escherichia coli were decreased during storage periods in all treatment groups.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.795-803
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• 2010

A DF01 strain that inhibits tyramine-producing Lactobacillus curvatus KFRI 166 was isolated from Dongchimi, a traditional Korean fermented vegetable, and identified as Lactobacillus brevis by biochemical analysis and reverse transcriptase sequencing of 16S rRNA. The antimicrobial compound produced by L. brevis DF01 was secreted at a maximum level of 640 AU/mL in late exponential phase in MRS broth, and its activity remained constant during stationary phase. The activity of bacteriocin DF01 was totally inactivated by $\alpha$-chymotrypsin, pronase E, proteinase K, trypsin, and $\alpha$-amylase, but not by catalase, which indicates the compound was glycoprotein in nature. The activity was not affected by pH changes ranging from 2 to 12 or heat treatment (60, 80, and $100^{\circ}C$ for 30 min), but was reduced after autoclaving. Bacteriocin DF01 had bacteriolytic activity and a molecular weight of approximately 8.2 kDa, as shown by tricine-SDS-PAGE analysis. Therefore, bacteriocin DF01 can be used in the manufacture of fermented meat products due to its inhibition of tyramine-producing L. curvatus and non-inhibition of L. sake, which is used as a starter culture for meat fermentation.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2007

본 연구는 민들레와 민들레 발효 생균제의 첨가가 육계의 성장과 체조성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. 공시동물은 Ross broiler 150수로 5처리 6반복 반복당 6수씩 사양 시험을 실시하였다. 처리구는 1) 대조구, 2) 항생제 0.005% 첨가구, 3) 황토 1.0% 첨가구, 4) 황토 2.0% 첨가구, 5) 황토 4.0% 첨가구, 6) 황토 8.0% 첨가구로 5처리로 나누어 실시하였다. 전 기간 사양 결과, 증체량은 항생제 첨가구가 높게 나타났으며, 민들레 1.0% 첨가구가 낮은 증체량을 보였으나, 통계적인 유의차를 보이지 않았다. 사료 섭취량과 사료 요구율에서는 민들레, 민들레 발효 생균제와 대조구에서 통계적인 유의차를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). HDL cholesterol은 민들레 생균제 0.5 % 첨가구가 높았으며, 민들레 생균제 1.0% 첨가구가 낮았으나, 통계적인 유의차를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). LDL cholesterol은 대조구가 높았으며, 항생제 첨가구가 통계적인 유의차를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 도체 내의 여러 가지 지방산 중 oleic acid($C18:1{\omega}9$) 민들레 발효 생균제가 0.1% 첨가구가 높게 나타났으며, 대조구가 낮게 나타나 통계적인 유의차를 보였다(P<0.05). 이상의 결과로써 민들레와 민들레 발효 생균제를 첨가한 결과, 혈액 콜레스테롤 감소에 영향을 주었으며, 특히 생균제를 첨가할 때 고기의 맛을 평가하는데 중요한 올레인산이 높게 나타나 계육의 맛을 높일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2002

This study was investigated traditional food utilization actual conditions of Gwangju and Chollanamdo. Frequency of main meal ice plain white rice, boiled rice and cereals, bean-mixed rice, gruel Dakjuk, winter squash porridge, sesame porridge, noodles by noodles cut out with a kitchen knife, noodles with assorted mixtures, soup with dough flakes order frequency much have. Soup ate much beanpaste soup, soup cooked with dried radish leaves, seaweed soup, broth by power-pot soup, hot shredded beef soup, loach soup order. Pot stew soybean paste stew and kimchi stew, beef casserole bean curd beef casserole and small octopus beef casserole often eat. Kimchi ate much cabbage kimchi, radish kimchi, radish cube kimchi, dish of dried slices of radish by sesame leaf dish of dried slices of radish, pickled garlics, Maneuljjong dish of dried slices of radish order. Salted sea foods that eat often were salted anchovies, tiny salted shrimps, Gejang order, and soy sauce were toenjang, korean hot pepper paste, bean-paste soup prepared with around fermented soy beans order, and laver fried kelp, tangle fried kelp, green perilla leaf fried kelp order to fried kelp, and it was bean sprouts, bracken herbs, fragrant edible wild aster herbs order to herbs. It is Ssukgatmuchim, squid debt saliva, Jabanmuchim's order that season, hard-boiled food is beef boiled in soy sauce, mackerel radish hard-boiled food, order of bean curd hard-boiled food, panbroiling ate often by order of Kimchi panbroiling, red pepper anchovy panbroiling, pork panbroiling. Steamed dish is egg steamed dish, fish steamed dish, steamed short-ribs order, fried fish egg speech, by Gimchijeon, Pajeon order, meat roasted with seasoning ate often by laver meat roasted with seasoning, hair-tail meat roasted with seasoning, mackerel meat roasted with seasoning order. Minced raw meat are small octopus raw that live, beef dish of minced raw beef, Hongeohoe order, rice cake is cake made from g1u1ions rice, Seolgitteok, songpyon order, dessert ate often by fermented rice Punch, cinnamon flavored persimmon punch, Kangjung order.