• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.69-88
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• 1986

The purpose of the present study is to find out and analyze the degree of population concentration of 10 selected cities. The data used for the present study were derived from the Government publications including the population and Housing Census Reports from 1966 through 1980 and the Korea Urbanic Yearbooks from 1969 through 1981. The major findings of the study were summarized as follows: The data revealed that changes of population size were more rapidly proceeded in Seoul than any other city and regarding to population composition, these selected cities had more male population than female population. The proportion of the productive age group of these selected cities were found to be higher than that of whole country each year, especially the proportion 20∼24 aged group was higher in 1980 than any other year. The number of net migrants in these cities during last 20 years, 1960∼80 was 910, 656 as Seoul obtained the largest net migrants and among the selected cities, Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Daejeon and Jeonju had a big change in volume of net migration population, especially in 30∼39 aged group in 1980. According to Gini Concentration Ratio and Index of Concentration, the population concentration was the highest in 1980 and the population concentration was intensively accelerated during 1966∼ 1970.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.15-24
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• 2023

The sense of crisis regarding regional extinction due to low birth rates and an aging population is expanding. Generally, the local extinction index is used to analyze local extinction. However, it is challenging to diagnose the actual situation of village extinction risk in rural areas, even though the regional extinction index can be analyzed in units such as Si-Gun-Gu and Eup-Myeon-Dong. This difficulty arises because the regional extinction index solely relies on natural population growth indicators (elderly population and female population aged 20-39). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a village extinction index that can identify the disappearance of rural villages. Additionally, the aim is to apply the developed indicators to the village (administrative ri) spatial unit. The existing regional extinction index used only mortality-related indicators as factors for natural population decline and fertility-related indicators as factors for natural population growth. However, the developed village extinction index included not only the factors of natural population change but also incorporated social population growth factors and factors related to the pace of village extinction. This is the key difference between the developed village extinction index and the existing regional extinction index. In this study, the indicators of "total population," "number of young women aged 20-44," "number of elderly population aged 70 or older," and "number of incoming population" were selected to develop a village extinction index. The village extinction index was developed by incorporating both natural population growth indicators and social population growth indicators. The developed village extinction index was applied to administrative villages. This research is expected to provide a more accurate understanding of the current state of rural villages facing extinction.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.103-116
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze and diagnose the actual state of extinction risk in rural villages by analyzing time series population characteristics and extinction risk index of rural villages(Haengjeong-ri). As a research method, a time series analysis was performed on the 'population over 65' and the 'female population aged 20 to 39' related to the local extinction index. In addition, the disappearance of Haengjeong-ri village was analyzed using the existing local extinction index. For the study, Haengjeong-ri village-level GIS spatial data was constructed, and population attribute data in 2010, 2015, and 2020 were constructed. In order to derive implications, the change of the 'high risk of extinction 'village in the 2020 local extinction index, the distribution of the population of 'high risk of extinction' villages by three years, the population analysis of 'high risk of extinction' villages continuously from 2010 to 2020, and 'high risk of extinction' An analysis of the increase and decrease of the population of the village and the change of the local extinction index of Haengjeong-ri, where the city, county, and towns are located were analyzed. As a result of the analysis of this study, it was found that the number of villages with an aging of more than 50% increased by 2 to 3 times over 10 years. As a result of the analysis of the local extinction index, in 2010, the southwestern and central regions of South Chungcheongnam-do were high-risk extinction areas, but in 2020, all cities except Cheonan and Asan were converted to high risk extinction areas. Research has shown that Chungnam is facing a serious aging and village extinction crisis, and since the disappearance of villages gradually spreads, an initial response policy is needed. This result will be the same not only in Chungcheongnam-do but also in other rural villages. Therefore, in the case of rural villages, it is necessary to analyze and diagnose the Haengjeong-ri village unit, not the Eup-Myeon unit, and a response policy through diagnosis must be prepared urgently.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.22-32
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• 1988

This study was conducted in order to compare the sequential changes of marital partnership and average marital life expectancy in Korea using Korean marriage life table for 1970, 1980, and 1985. The marriage life table was constructed by the Wolfbein-Wool method of constructing a working life table. Data used in this study was obtained from the Population Census Reports of Korea and the Korean Abridged life Tables. Some of the finding may be summarized as follows : 1. The marital partnership findings showed that males in the 40-44 age group in 1970 and in 1980 and those in the 45-49 bracket in 1985 have the highest rates of any other age interval, the percentages were 97.5% 97.3% and 96.9% respectively. The highest marital partnership rates for females were those aged 30-34 in 1970 and in 1980 and 35-39 in 1985:these were 94.6% 94.3% and 93.30% respectively. 2. The marital rate of the youngest age group has decreased due to the increasing amount of people marrying at older ages. On the other hand, the marital rates of the elderly has increased slightly due to the decreasing mortality rate. 3. The enterance rate of marriage at the 15-19 female age group ad the 20-24 male age group has decreased. 4. The secession rate of marriage has gradually decreased due to the decrease in the mortality rate. The main reason of secession for males is his own death. For females, the main reasons are divorce and the death of her spouse. 5. Korean average marital life expectancy has improved in general. In 1985 the average marital life expectancy for males was higher by 4-5 years than for females. The average difference of marital expectancy and life expectancy is about 1.4 - 1.5 years for males and about 11-14 years at the age groups below 60 years for females.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.22 no.3 s.38
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• pp.691-701
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• 1992

Over recent 20 years, with socioeconomic development and change of recognition of the population, more people are concerned about their health and appearance. To obtain the change of frequency of malocclusion and the demand for orthodontic treatment, with this trend, 2460 freshmen and students of Yonsei Univ. in 1991, aged from 18 to 21 were examined excluding 187 students who have history of orthodontic treatment, 86 students who are undergoing treatment, 39 students who have too much missing teeth to classify. After analize the frequency of malocclusion and the demand for orthodontic treatment, following results was obtained. 1. Sex ratio in the prevalence of malocclusion was $91.7\%/90.8\%$, male to female, so there was no sex predilection. 2. With regard to Angle's Classification, each percentage of Class I, Class II div. 1, Class II div. 2 and Class III was $61.6\%,\;11.3\%,\;1.9\%\;and\;16.7\%$. 3. Of Class I malocclusion, percentage of crowding was 53.2, this occupied the largest part of single findings and prevalent findings in combinations were also crowding - crossbite and crowding - Protrusion. 4. Of Class I malocclusion, over the portion of$95\%$, Bialveolar Protrusion have arised alone. 5. The distribution of Demands for orthodontic treatment of malocclusion were $41.3\%$ in males, and $51.3\%$ in females.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.12-21
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• 2005

1. Objectives Though the distributional rate of Sasangin was mentioned in ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Suse Bowon${\lrcorner}$, there were few studies on the distributional rate of Sasangin in Korea. So, this study was conducted to estimate the distributional rate of Sasangin in Korea. 2. Methods The medical records of 1,423 subjects who have taken diagnosis of Sasang constitution from January 2003 to June 2003 at a health examination center of a hospital in Seoul were reviewed. Then distributional rate of Sasang constitution were analyzed and age sex-adjusted standardized distributional rate were estimated by direct standardization using a reference population of 2000 aged from 20 to 70 years. 3. Results and Conclusions (1) The total number of subjects were 1,423(Males : 704(49.5%) / Females : 719(50.5%)). And the mean age of the subjects was $46.3{\pm}11.4$ years(males : $45.4{\pm}11.3$ / females $47.1{\pm}11.4$). (2) Among the 1,423 subjects, distributional rate of Taeumin, Soyangin, and Soeumin were 46.9%, 29.1% and 24.0%(Male : Taeumin 48.2%, Soyangin 37.9%, Soeumin 13.9% / Female: Taeumin 45.6%, Soyangin 20.4%, Soeumin 33.9%). (3) Age sex-adjusted standardized distributional rate of Taeumin, Soyangin, and Soeumin were 45.4%, 28.2% and 26.4%(Male : Taeumin 50.8%, Soyangin 35.1%, Soeumin 14.1% / Female: Taeumin 39.5%, Soyangin 21.0%, Soeumin 39.4%) (4) The rate of Soeumins was higher than that mentioned in ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Suse Bowon${\lrcorner}$,and the distributional rate of Sasangin according to sex was different. (5) So it was thought that the distributional rate of Sasangin in Korea was different from that mentioned in ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Suse Bowon${\lrcorner}$.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.55-73
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• 1995

An Effect of Muscle Strength Training Program on Muscle Strength, Muscle Endurance, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Quality of Life in the Institutionalized Elderly Recent statistics shows that the aged are the fastest growing segment of our population by increasing life span. The age group of over 60 shows multiple health problems and the most serious handicapping problem of these. are related to the changes in muscular skeletal system. With aging, people lose. their muscle mass and muscle strength resulting from biological changes and physical inactivity. Studies documented a 30-50% loss of muscle mass in an advanced age and thus, ordinary life activities can be seriously affected due to weakened muscle strength. Preservation of muscle strength of lower limb is especially important in the aged. Since it is readily affected from reduced physical activity in old age, sometimes to the detriment of moving or walking. So muscle strength exercise program designed for the elderly to improve leg muscle strength and leg muscle endurance. The research design used was nonequivalent control group pretest - protest design. The purposes of this study were to test the effect of muscle strength exercise program utilizing Leg Press on muscle strength, muscle endurance, instrumental activities of daily living(IADL), cognitive perceptual variables and quality of life. Forty nine subjects participating in this study consisted of twenty four male and twenty five female. Twenty four experimental group subjects were selected from C-institution in Chung Buk province, and twenty five control group subjects were selected from O-institution in Chung Nam province. The mean age of subjects was 72.8 years. Muscle strength training program utilizing Leg Press for the experimental group was carried out three times a week for 9 weeks. The data was collected from August, 1993 to October, 1993. Data were analyzed with $X^2-test$, t-test, ANCOVA test, Kruskal Wallis 1-Way ANOVA test using SPSS PC program. Results were obtained as follows : 1) The experimental group showed significantly higher scores on muscle strength (leg lift strength, back lift strength and grip strength) and muscle endurance than control group after the experiment $\ulcorner$F=52.35(p=.001), F=54.07(p=.001), F=6.97(p=.011), F=18.17(p=.001)$\lrcorner$ 2) Experimental group were significantly higher scores on IADL than control group(F=7.51, p=.009). 3) Experimental group showed significantly higher scores on economical state and self esteem aspects of the quality of life scale than control group $\ulcorner$F=10.59(p=.002), F=6.97(p=.011)$\lrcorner$. But there were no differences in emotional state, physical and functional state and relationship with reatives in the quality of life between groups. 4) Scores on IADL showed a significant difference with the level of muscle strength and muscle endurance $\ulcornerx^2=7.73(p=.025),\;x^2=8.86\;(p=.011)\lrcorner$ 5) Scores on self esteem and physical and functional state aspects of the quality of life scale showed a significant difference with the level of IADL $\ulcornerx^2=11.39(p=.003),\;x^2=9.02(p=.011)\lrcorner$. 6) Scores of experimental group after the experiment in cognitive perceptual variables (perceived benefit on exercise, perceived health status, self efficacy, emotion on exercise) were significantly higher than those of control group $\ulcorner$F=32.09(p=.001), F=5.07(p=.029), F=20.63 (p=.001), F=30.38(p=.001)$\lrcorner$. As a result of this study, the effect of strength training exercise program with Leg. Press had improved muscle strength, muscle endurance, IADL, and the perception of self esteem, physical and funtional state, and economical state. Thus strength training program could be beneficially applied for the prevention of disablity and promotion of health and wellbeing in the aged easily and safely. The subjects in the experimental group have maintained their exercises till six months after the cessation of the experiment. This seem to illustrate that changes in cognitive perceptual variables and the improvement in health status have reinforced motivation for the continuation of voluntary exercises. A further study is necessary to determine the factors affecting maintainance of muscle strength exercise and to assess the effect of weight training program on bone density.