• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.8-12
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• 2007

An optimized bidet nozzle design to form the required swirl water jet is proposed with the help of numerical analysis. The bidet can do the cleaning process of human body by water injection and the speed/pressure/injection angle/magnitude of swirl intensity of water jet determine the cleaning capability and personal subjective feeling. The objective of this research is to design optimal water injection nozzle to make stable swirl intensity. The effect of individual design variables are analyzed from the basic design and the final design is deduced to make high performance water jet within the pre-determined operation conditions.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.68-71
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• 2007

An optimized bidet nozzle design to form the required swirl water jet is proposed with the help of numerical analysis. The bidet can do the cleaning process of human body by water injection and the speed/pressure/injection angle/magnitude of swirl intensity of water jet determine the cleaning capability and personal subjective feeling. The objective of this research is to design optimal water injection nozzle to make stable swirl intensity. The effect of individual design variables are analyzed from the basic design and the final design is deduced to make high performance water jet within the pre-determined operation conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.84-96
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• 2008

This research investigated the landscape characteristics of the skyline and the cognitive characteristics of Mt. Mudeung (1,186m) from various viewpoints. Mt. Mudeung, the representative landscape of Gwangju City, has been recognized as a natural landmark and theme of paintings. By analyzing the perspective from 32 points with a digital terrain model, some landscape indices of the skyline were derived and the relationships are discussed. Assessment of the semantic differential scale with 21 adjective variables and representativeness to 15 landscape photographs of the mountain were accomplished. 1. Through regression analysis of the skyline indices, significant relationships were found between them the angle from the visual axis and number of skyline jumps, the vertical angle fluctuation and number of jumps per degree, the visual depth fluctuation and vertical angle fluctuation of skyline, and between the vertical angle mean and number of jumps per degree. Meaningful relations were found between the number of jumps of skyline to number of jumps per degree and the angle from visual axis to visual distance. However, in the representative assessment no difference was found on the angle from visual axis of viewpoints. On the other hand, it seemed to relate representativeness with visual clarity based on visual distance. 2. We found 4 factors "familiarity", "fluctuation of skylines", "openness", and "feeling of texture" in the results of factor analysis of semantic differential assessment. When considering the results of assessment for representativeness, adjective words for familiarity and openness seemed to have a close assessment. Specifically, the research showed that the landscape representation was highly assessed in a view which could be seen from the higher parts to the lower part of hills. This result indicates that the management of viewpoints which could get a scene from intermediate to distant, and locating a high elevation is important. 3. In the picturesque expression of Mt. Mudeung, various impressions from the different points, a skyline based on the top of Mt. Mudeung and a mono structure by overlapping hills were common characteristics. These common characteristics were also partially found through the analysis of topographical landscape indices and landscape images. Therefore, the viewpoints for the representative landscape management should be selected in natural or open spaces.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.93-105
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• 2015

Upon ruling that two photographs of "Solsum(located in Samchuk city)" are not substantially similar, issues on the level of protection for the copyrighted photographs expecially on landscape, which appearance could be similar whoever takes, were raised. Accordingly, this study summarizes and suggests the standards of expression differentiating from idea on photographic works. The results are as such. Elements of expression on photographs are positioning of subject, framing, selection of camera angle, control of light's direction and quantity, length of exposure, speed of shutter, timing or posing of the shutter. kinds of emulsion, methods of development, and any other methods of creative and characteristic photography. On the other hand, elements of ideas of photographic works are theme, concept, feeling, appearance of objects, time or season of taking a picture, vantage point, choice of horizontal or vertical angle, etc. As a result, this study reconfirms that copyright law entitles photographers to copyright as to their minimal degree of creativity, not as to their sweat of brows.

• Journal of Game and Entertainment
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2005

The expression of the movement in the animation is one of important factors built up the work. It is determined wholly by the experiences of the animator in the animation, on the contrary, the expression of movie depends on the data obtained from the motion capture or the movement of the actors. One of the most important factors is the timing expression in expression of movement of characters and the proper understanding of direction circumstance and the expression of the timing make the animation more plentiful visually and also these are the basic method that introduce the feeling to the characters. In this study we Identify the basic principles of timing expression in the animation, make experiments for the changes of timing by the camera's angle, compare them and show the most proper methods of timing expression.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.86-94
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• 2008

A total stroke of an opening or closing motion of a hinge mechanism in a folder-type mobile phone is composed of two portions. In the first portion, human fingers act a force to open or close the folder. In this portion, the rotating folder compresses the coil spring installed in the mechanism. In the last portion, this compressed coil spring generates a torque to rotate the folder. The main merit of this study is that we have designed a hinge mechanism to be operated by a uniform torque in the first portion of the total stroke. The uniform torque means that it is constant along the folder's swing angle. This mechanism will give softer feeling to human fingers. A pair of contours in the mechanism plays an important role. It transforms rotation into translation in the first portion; on the other hand, it transforms translation into rotation in the last portion. In this study, we have developed an algorithm to obtain the pair of contour curves. We divided the total contour curves into finite sub-intervals. Assuming that the curves in every sub-interval are parabolas, we have obtained the coefficients of them by solving systems of nonlinear equations recursively.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.860-864
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• 2008

In modern society, people tend to spend their time on various types of chairs. However, it is not easy for a designer to design a comfortable chair, because satisfaction with the chair depends not only on the quantitative elements such as size, but also on the qualitative element such as the user's feeling. To deal with these problems, there have been many studies on designing an ergonomics chair. In this paper, the hapticaided design (HAD) system was adopted to design the ergonomics chair. Based on the HAD system, the designer can experience whether the chair is comfortable or not through the haptic device, and also can modify the design parameters instantaneously. The haptic chair capable of controlling the design parameters in real time was proposed as a haptic simulator. The controllable parameters such as the seat height, reclining angle, stiffness of the backrest, and so on were selected based on the previous researches related to ergonomics chairs. It will reduce the development cost and time by replacing the process of making the real mock-up and prototype with the haptic chair.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.243-249
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• 2009

In modern society, people spend most of their time on various types of chairs. However, it is not easy for a designer to design a comfortable chair because satisfaction with the chair depends not only on the quantitative elements such as size, but also on the qualitative element such as the user's feeling. To deal with these problems, there have been many studies on designing ergonomic chairs. This paper proposes the haptic-aided design (HAD) system to design an ergonomic chair. Based on the HAD system, the designer can experience whether the chair is comfortable or not through the haptic device, and also can modify the design parameters instantaneously. The haptic chair capable of controlling the design parameters in real time was proposed as a haptic simulator. The controllable parameters, such as seat height, reclining angle, stiffness of the backrest, and so on were selected based on the previous research related to ergonomic chairs. The proposed methodology will help reduce the development cost and time by replacing the process of making the real mock-ups and prototypes with the haptic chair.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.148-156
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• 2008

In this study it will be discussed how to solve the problem of discomfort from rolling motion on the fishing boats. Most discomfort is caused by the short cycle of rolling due to the light weight of the boats. The light weight is due to the FRP material which dries a boat. A way to improve the feeling of boarding by using fish hold was researched. The experiment was done on experimental fishing boat made by FRP in Jeju. An existing fish hold was designed and manufactured through the rolling test and that was used for a marine experiment. The rolling condition of the U-tank boat ideally designed was compared to that of an existing fishing boat using the same conditions. The experiments were carried out two times on the stop engine in the outward Sehwa fishing port, which the experimental data had analysed for effects of rolling reduction to compare the U - tank with the of exiting fish hold. The results were confirmed that the U-boat tank in the roll period and GoM were more safe than the existing fish hold and the average amplitude and significant of rolling angles were decreased relatively.

• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.22-30
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• 2005

Sloshing loads, produced by the violent liquid free-surface motions inside the cargo tank have become an important design parameter in ship building industry since there have been demands for the increased sizes of the cargo containment system of LNG carriers. In this study, sloshing impact pressure acting on the shell of the spherical cargo tank of an LNG carrier as well as dynamic pressure and flow behavior around the pump tower located at the center of the tank have been calculated. Comparative numerical sloshing simulations for a spherical LNG tank using 2-D LR.FLUIDS which is based on the finite difference method and 3-D MSC.DYTRAN which is capable of calculating nonlinear fluid-structure interaction have been carried out. A method of calculating sloshing-induced dynamic loads and the subsequent structural strength analysis for pump tower of a spherical LNG carrier using MSC. DYTRAN and MSC.NASTRAN have been presented.