• 한국조경학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 실내조경공간에서의 수경시설의 도입이 이용자의 심리 및 생리에 미치는 효과를 정량적으로 분석하는 것이었다. 실험을 위해 실내에 식물로 구성된 조경공간과 수경시설이 추가된 조경공간을 조성하였다. 피험자에게 스트레스를 부여하고, 각각의 공간에서 휴식을 취하게 한 뒤 생리 및 심리적 변화를 비교한 결과, 수경시설이 설치된 조경공간에서 휴식을 취했을 때가 수축기 확장기 혈압이 유의하게 낮아졌다. SD법에 의한 의미평가에서도 수경시설이 설치된 공간이 '활기'와 '동적임', '생명력'과 '유쾌함' 등과 같은 긍정적인 의미를 주는 것으로 나타났으며, POMS(Profile of Mood States)에서는 수경요소가 심리적으로 피로 감소 및 활력 증강에 기여하였다. 이를 통해 실내조경에서 수경시설의 도입은 혈압 감소라는 생리적 변화에 기여하며, 심리 및 기분변화에도 긍정적인 효과를 보임으로써 건강에 편익을 주는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.399-406
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• 2016

대형 풍력터빈은 지상 전단 흐름 내에서 회전하면서 주기적인 유입속도의 변동 조건 하에 운용된다. 수직 전단흐름에 의해서 경계층 내의 유입 속도는 최고점에서 속도가 최대가 되고 최저점에서 속도가 최소가 된다. 이러한 공간적인 풍속 분포는 풍력터빈 로터의 허브와 저속회전축에서 6분력 하중에 대한 주기적인 진동을 야기한다. 본 연구에서는 수직 전단 흐름 효과를 무시한 균일 흐름장과 지상 전단 흐름효과를 고려한 두 가지 경우에 대한 공력 하중을 비교분석하였다. 계산 결과로부터 허브에서의 추력과 굽힘모멘트, LSS의 굽힘모멘트가 크게 변동하는 결과를 보여주었다. 따라서 지상 전단흐름 효과를 반영한 공력 해석이 피로 해석을 위해서 반드시 필요함을 확인하였다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2006

Threshold limit value (TLV) test between expert and consumer panel was conducted about absolute, recognition and difference threshold respectively. And we tried to suggest appropriate and minimum acceptable menthol concentration level by consumer panel. Determination of threshold value was based on ASTM E 679-79 method by forced-choice ascending concentration series. In addition, a semi-ascending paired difference method was referred to conduct test. The group threshold value was determined as the value of geometric mean individual threshold. The smokers were dividend by two groups, trained and consumer panel. Trained panel was selected according to sensitivity to menthol discrimination. Consumer panel wasrecruited in proportion as population ratios including female smokers. They were all over twenty years old volunteers and summed up thirty four persons. In terms of sensor evaluation, overall difference test with seven-category scale by both trained and consumer panelists were done. On judging correct or incorrect answer, two by three cut-off levels applied to. Every test was conducted with two sessions, before smoking and during smoking period. And, only two samples served each paneI per test with regard to sensory fatigue and reliable results. All tests were replicated, and in total 32 times per panelist. In conclusion, the recognition threshold about consumer and expert panel was 358 ppm/cig. and 276 ppm/cig. in separately. Besides, absolute and difference thresholds were obtained also. And, we conduct difference threshold test with two different ways, upward and downward. And, The results of each method were 246, 195 ppm/cig., 1414, 1336 ppm/cig. and 1047, 972 ppm/cig.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.345-351
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• 2010

Alcoholic hepatitis is an acute and severe liver disease associated with high mortality rate. This study was conducted to develop the instrument of criterion for symptoms improvement after temperance. We made the symptoms improvement questionnaire for alcoholic hepatitis patients through reviewing traditional oriental medical literatures and got advices from the advisor committee with delphi technique. The advisor committee on this study was organized by 10 professors of internal medicine of oriental medical colleges nationwide. The questionnaire was composed of questions about 10 symptoms - fatigue, pain, anorexia, abdominal bloat, heaviness of the body, itch, nausea, sleep, dryness in the mouth and stools. We named it Alcoholic Hepatitis Symptoms Improvement Questionnaire(AHSIQ). We surveyed 65 male alcoholic hepatitis patients and checked liver function profile and AHSIQ before and after temperance four times for six weeks. As a result of factor analysis the scales of AHSIQ had content validity and construct validity. And internal consistency reliability was good(Cronbach's alpha=0.768-0.871). The total scale scores were statistically significant in gamma-GTP related validity. We suggest that AHSIQ would be effective for measuring symptoms improvement degree in alcoholic hepatitis patients through further investigations with larger clinical trials.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.16-25
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data to improve the QOL in patients suffering from female cancers. Subjects of this study were consisted 255 persons who admitted or visited three university hospitals. The instruments used for this study included "the Quality Of Life Scale(QOL)" developed by National Conference on Cancer Nursing and successively amended by Kwon(1990), "Anger in" developed by Spielberger(1988) and successively amended by Chon(1997). The collected data were analyzed using a SPSS 11.0 for PC. To find out significant factors of Anger in & QOL in patients with Female Cancer patients, Frequency, Percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe-test, Pearson's correlation coefficients were conducted. The main findings : Anger in score was a little low & QOL score was middle. Several characteristics of the subjects were identified to differenti ate the "Anger in" and "QOL". Age status(F=2.64, p=0.05), education status(F=2.73, p=0.04), Health insurance(t=2.27, p=0.00) and cancer insurance status(t=2.97, p=0.00) was significant factors of the "Anger in". Education status(F=2.64 p=0.05), Occupation status (t=2.90, p=0.00), Monthly income (F=3.23 p=0.01), Stage of disease(F=9.23 p=0.00), Perceived health status(F=73.61 p=0.00), Perceived fatigue status(F=11.26 p=0.00) was significant factors of the "QOL". In conclusion, Anger in score was a little low & QOL sore was moderate. The degree of Anger in and quality of life were significantly negative correlated. Therefore, It is needed strategies for intervention of 'Anger in' to improve the QOL in female cancer patients. The significant characteristics of related to "anger in" & QOL should consider in sociopsychogical nursing intervention.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate difference of the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS) with different frequencies in participants having delayed onset muscle soreness(DOMS). Methods : We recruited 36 healthy participants, but 3 of them were dropped out. They were randomly divided into 3groups : 3 Hz TENS(n=11), 100 Hz TENS(n=11) and sham TENS(n=11). DOMS of the both triceps surae muscle induced by repetitive concentric, ecentric exercise. The result measurements were pain perception(visual analogue scale, VAS), mechanical pain threshold(MPT) by pressure algometer, electrical contraction and fatigue by surface electromyography. The measurements were on first visit, before and after treatment except first. This study was prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial. Results : In 100 Hz TENS group, VAS was significantly decreased during whole session compared with 3 Hz and control group, and after each treatment, too. In 3 Hz TENS group, VAS was significantly decreased during whole session compared with control group, and after 2nd, 3rd treatment, too. In 100 Hz TENS group, MPT increased the most among 3 groups during whole session and after 1st treatment, but there were no statistical significances. Conclusions : Both 3 Hz and 100 Hz TENS improved delayed onset muscle soreness, but 100 Hz TENS group is more effective than 3 Hz TENS group.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2015

감로수는 궁중음료인 제호탕과 동의보감의 생맥산에서 유래한 절식보조음료이다. 감로수를 이용한 절식요법의 보완과 향후 예정된 임상시험을 위한 임상지표 선정을 위해 정상인 1예, 비만인 1예, 고도비만인 1예를 대상으로 10일간의 절식요법 전, 후로 증례를 관찰하였다. 절식 후 체중은 평균 -6.3%, 체지방은 평균 -6.5%, 근육은 평균 -6.6% 감소하였고, 영양지표에 해당하는 RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, T-protein, albumin의 수치는 증가하였고 염증지표에 해당하는 hs- CRP, CRP, ESR, WBC 수치는 감소하였다. 절식 후에도 간기능, 신기능, 전해질수치는 정상수준을 유지하였고, 산화스트레스는 감소하였으며, 항산화력이 증가하는 결과를 나타내었다. 피로도는 절식 전보다 다소 개선되었고, 절식기 동안 불면 이외에 별다른 불편증상을 호소하지 않았다. 다만 혈중 빌리루빈수치 상승, 케톤 증가로 인한 체액의 약산성화는 절식요법을 시행함에 있어 추후 보완해야 할 사안이라 생각된다. 결론적으로 감로수의 디톡스 프로파일은 적합하며 관찰된 결과는 후속연구에 고려될 것이다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2018

Background: Night shift work is associated with many problems such as sleep deprivation, sleepiness, decreased cognitive performance, increased human errors, and fatigue. This study set out to measure cognitive performance, melatonin rhythms, and sleep after different consecutive night shifts (7 vs. 4) among control room operators (CORs). Methods: The participants included 60 CORs with a mean age of 30.2 years (standard deviation, 2.0) from a petrochemical complex located in Southern Iran. Cognitive performance was assessed using the n-back task and continuous performance test. To evaluate melatonin, saliva was collected and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To assess sleep and sleepiness, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale were used, respectively. Results: Individuals who worked 7 consecutive night shifts had a significantly better cognitive performance and sleep quality than those who worked 4 consecutive night shifts. However, salivary melatonin profile and sleepiness trend were not affected by shift type. Conclusion: The main duty of CORs working night shifts at the studied industry included managing safety-critical processes through complex displays; a responsibility that demands good cognitive performance and alertness. It is suggested that an appropriate number of consecutive night shifts in a rotating shift system should be planned with the ultimate aim of improving CROs performance/alertness and enhancing safety.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2002

Exercise is an important strategy for health promotion in patients having osteoarthritis. But, lots of patients with osteoarthritis were underexercised. Exercise pattern and influencing factors of exercise barrier are not well-known. To address this issue, we studied the exercise pattern and influencing factors of exercise barrier in patients with osteoarthritis. The subjects of the study were 463 adult osteoarthritis (Mean age = 61.63 years) who had diagnosed osteoarthritis by rheumatologist. Data were gathered from May 1999 to February 2000 using a questionnaire and exercise barrier(Sallis et al, 1989), exercise pattern(Lee et al., 2000), physical status by WOMAC(Bellamy, 1989), socail support(Sallis et al., 1989), fatigue and pain using graphic rating scale, depression by CES-D(Radloff,1977). Data were analyzed with the SPSS win 6.0 using frequency, ANOVA, Stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows; 1) 56.4% of sample was 'do not exercise at all', 'longer rest than exercise', was 15.9%, 'longer exercise than rest' was 7.2%, 'exercise regularly' was 20.5%. 2) Social support (F=10.349, p=0.000) and exercise barrier(F=4.455, p=0.004) were showed significantly difference by exercise pattern. 3) Influencing factors of exercise barrier were depression and social support. Thoses explained 13.3% of exercise barrier. In conclusion, half of osteoarthritis patient did not do exercise and it was shown that depression and social support were major influencing factors to exercise barrier. The results of this study can be applied to develop the health promoting educational program for patients with osteoarthritis.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.671-681
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• 2011

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the workload level at each lower limbs posture and suggest the ergonomic workstation guideline for working period by evaluating the imbalanced lower limbs postures from the physiological and psychophysical points of view. Background: Many workers like welders are working in various imbalanced lower limbs postures either due to the narrow working conditions or other environmental conditions. Method: Ten male subjects participated in this experiment. Subjects were asked to maintain 3 different lower limbs postures(standing, squatting and bending) with 3 different working conditions(balanced floor with no scaffold, imbalanced floor with 10cm height of scaffold, and imbalanced floor with 20cm height of scaffold). EMG data for the 4 muscle groups(Retus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Tibialis Anterior, Gastrocnemius) from each lower limbs posture were collected for 20 seconds every 2 minutes during the 8 minutes sustaining task. Subjects were also asked to report their discomfort ratings of body parts such as waist, upper legs, lower legs, and ankle. Results: The ANOVA results showed that the EMG root mean square(RMS) values and the discomfort ratings(CR-10 Rating Scale) were significantly affected by lower limbs postures and working time(p<0.05). The correlation was analyzed between the EMG data and the discomfort ratings. Also, prediction models for the discomfort rating for each posture were developed using physical condition, working time, and scaffold height. Conclusion: We strongly recommend that one should not work more than 6 minutes in a standing or squatting postures and should not work more than 4 minutes in a bending posture. Application: The results of this study could be used to design and assess working environments and methods. Furthermore, these results could be used to suggest ergonomic guidelines for the lower limbs postures such as squatting and bending in the working fields in order to prevent fatigue and pain in the lower limbs body.