• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.439-444
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented soybean (FS) extract on adipocyte differentiation and fat accumulation using cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes. MATERIALS/METHODS: 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with FS and nonfermented soybean (NFS) extract during differentiation for 10 days in vitro. Oil red O staining was performed and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity was measured for analysis of fat accumulation. Expressions of adipogenic genes were measured. RESULTS: Soluble extract of soybean fermented with Aspergillus oryzae GB107 contained higher levels of low-molecular-weight protein than conventional soybean protein did. FS extract ($50{\mu}g/ml$) inhibited adipocyte differentiation and fat accumulation during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes for 10 days in vitro. Significantly lower GPDH activity was observed in differentiated adipocytes treated with the FS extract than those treated with NFS extract. Treatment with FS extract resulted in decreased expression levels of leptin, adiponectin, and adipogenin genes, which are associated with adipogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: This report is the first to demonstrate that the water-soluble extract from FS inhibits fat accumulation and lipid storage in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Thus, the soybean extract fermented with A. oryzae GB107 could be used to control lipid accumulation in adipocytes.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.644-654
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• 2002

본 연구는 간장을 걸러내지 않고 담은 된장과 메주를 45일 침지 후 간장을 걸러내고 담은 된장을 각각 오지항아리와 투명유리병에서 60, 120, 180일 숙성시키면서, 된장 지용성 및 수용성추출물의 갈색특성 및 항산화 효과를 알아보았다. 된장 지용성 추출물과 수용성 추출물을 각각 제조하여 420 nm에서 갈색도를 측정한 결과, 수용성 추출물이 지용성 추출물보다 갈색도가 높은 것으로 나타났으며 전체적으로 간장을 걸러내지 않고 유리병에 담근 된장이 가장 높은 값을 가졌다. 또한 수용성 추출물의 경우는 숙성기간에 따라 갈색도가 뚜렷이 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 지용성 추출물은 그렇지 못했다. UV-VIS scanning spectra를 측정한 결과, 지용성 추출물은 235nm 부근에서 최대 파장을 보이며 숙성기간에 따른 변화는 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 수용성 추출물은 235nm, 340~410nm 부근에서 높은 파장을 나타내었고 숙성기간에 따른 변화를 뚜렷이 보여주었다. Antioxidant activity 실험결과, 지용성 추출물은 숙성기간이 길어짐에 따라 약간 증가하였으나 수용성 추출물은 크게 증가하였다. 환원력과 전자공여능 실험결과 또한 수용성 추출물이 지용성 추출물보다 높은 값을 나타내었으며, 숙성기간이 길어질수록 유리병보다 항아리에 담근 된장이 높은 항산화 효과를 가진 것으로 나타났다. 본 실험결과 전체적으로 숙성 60일에는 간장을 우려낸 된장보다 우려내지 않고 담은 된장에서 아미노산, 환원당, 갈색도, 항산화 효과가 높은 것으로 나타났으나, 숙성기간이 길어질수록 담금용기에 따른 영향을 많이 받아 유리병에 담근 된장보다 항아리에 담근 된장이 아미노산함량과 항산화 효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다.he experiment result shows that our algorithm achieves much better performance.정을 보였으며 5%희석군의 경우 육색은 10일 경과 시점, 냄새는 7일 경과시점부터 초기 부패과정을 보였다. 이상의 결과에서 보는 바와 같이 생체수 파이-워터는 닭고기의 신선도 유지와 관련하여 지방산패를 억제하고 일반세균의 증식을 막아줌으로써 제품의 신선도를 연장시킬 수 있으며 희석농도의 차이에 따른 유의차가 있음을 알 수 있었다.rid형 복합레진이 micro-hybrid형 복합레진에 비해 C-factor의 영향을 더 많이 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 와동의 C-factor증가가 굴곡강도나 탄성계수와 같은 복합레진의 물리적 성질을 저하시킨다는 것을 의미하였다.중합수축. 중합도 및 미세경도 측정치는 one-way ANO-VA와 Duncan's multiple range test를, 변연누출 정도는 chi-square test를 이용, 통계처리하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. . 중합수축의 정도는 VIP$^{TM}$(Bisco) 사용군에서 전체 조사광도가 높을수록 큰 경향을 보여 600mW/$\textrm{cm}^2$군에서 가장 크게 나타났고, 그 다음으로 Pulse-delay군, 400mW/$\textrm{cm}^2$군, 200 mW/$\textrm{cm}^2$군 순이었고, Optilux 501$^{TM}$(Demetron/Kerr) 사용군에서는 Continuous 방식이 Ramp 방식 보다 크게 나타났다. . 중합도와 미세경도 값은 공히, 전체 조사광도가 높을수록 높게 나타났으며 ,

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix on the components of serum and liver and the effects on the antioxidant system. For this purpose, five experimental groups were set up. And for fat source, perila oil enough with unsaturated fatty acid and beef tallow enough with saturated fatty acid were supplemented to the rats together with hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radixs. Five experimental groups kept eight Sprague-Dawley rats respectively. They were CO group supplemented with basic diet of AIN-93, PO group supplemented with perila oil, POA group supplemented with perila oil and hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix, BT group supplemented with beef tallow, and BTA group supplemented with beef tallow and hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix. The results were; 1) Final weight, weight gain, fluid intake and FER were not different significantly among the experimental groups, 2) Significant difference of food intake was observed(p<0.05) in BTA group only, 3) No significant difference was observed in serum total lipid, serum triglyceride and HDL cholesterol among experimental groups. Serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were significantly low(p<0.05) in the group supplemented with beef tallow which was with hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix (BTA group). 4)Liver total cholesterol in liver was low in groups supplemented with perila oil and hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix. In summary, hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix did not affect the weight gain, fluid intake and food efficiency ratio among the experimental groups, but had an effect of lowering food intake, serum total cholesterol and serum LDL cholesterol significantly in the groups which were supplemented with beef tallow and hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix. The effect of lowering liver total cholesterol with the supplementation of hot water soluble extract from AnRelicae Radix was observed in perila oil group only. The effect of lowering cholesterol with the supplementation of hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix was observed both in serum and in liver.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.326-332
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• 2000

In order to investigate the possibility of functional property improvement of meat products, four kinds of pork patties were prepared with water 10% as control, mugwort extract 10%, pine needle extract 10% and fatsia leaf extract 10%, respectively. In case of control moisture content was higher, but crude fat was lower, compared to patties treated with plant extracts. Crude ash content of pine needle extract treatment showed higher level than that of other patties. pH range of patties revealed to 5.92∼5.978. In raw patties Hunter's L-and a-value of control were higher than those of plant extract treatment, and a-value of raw patties showed higher level than that of cooked. Yield, water holding capacity, salt soluble protein extractability and gel strength among patties did not show significant differences. In control patty, fat retention was lower compared to other plant extract treatments, but water soluble protein extractability was higher compared to pine needle. Values such as hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness were not significantly different among the patties. In sensory scores such as aroma, juiciness and palatability, significant differences were not observed among cooked patties, but texture score was higher in the order pine needle, mugwort, fatsia leaf and control.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.612-619
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical properties of the ethanol extracts and soluble dietary fiber from Cassia tora L. seed. The proximate composition of Cassia tora, soluble solid contents, color intensity and contents of emodin and rhein of Cassia tora extract, molecular mass distribution, sugar contents and viscosity of soluble fiber from Cassia tora were analyzed. Cassia tora contains 12.6% of moisture, 5.2% of ash, 13.4% of crude protein, 7.2% of crude fat, 8.8% of insoluble fiber and 48.3% of soluble fiber. The effects of extract condition on soluble solid contents, color intensity and contents of emodin and rhein of Cassia tora extract were investigated. The soluble solid contents were higher in 70% or 50% ethanol extracts than those in 100% ethanol extracts and showed highest value in grind sample extracts. In Hunter's color value, 100% ethanol extracts and whole Cassia tora sample extracts were higher in L and b value, but on the contrary, were lower in a value, than those of the other. The highest emodin and rhein contents were observed in 70% and 50% ethanol extracts, respectively, and showed higher value in room temperature extracts than in heating extracts. The molecular mass of soluble fiber from Cassia tora seed was estimated by gel filtration chromatography. Most soluble fiber(80%) exhibited a molecular mass range of between 50~2000 kDa. The major sugars of soluble fiber from Cassia tora seed were identified as xylose, mannose and galactose. The apparent viscosity of 0.5% soluble fiber from Cassia tora seed was 33 mPas showing a higher value than pectin or xanthan gum.

• 한국양식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국양식학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 논문요약집
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• pp.71-71
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate effects of dietary pigment sources on shell color of juvenile abalone, Haliotis discus hannai. Three replicate groups of the abalone, average weight 173 mg, were fed the diets containing various pigment sources such as Porphyra powder, Spirulina, yeast astaxanthin and paprika extract for 16 weeks. Survival and weight gain were not affected by dietary pigment sources (P>0.05). Shell color of abalone fed diets containing Porphyra powder and Spirulina was approached to yellow-red and orange which are similar to shell color of wild abalone. However, shell color of abalone fed the diets containing yeast astaxanthin and paprika extract were similar to that of control diet showing bright green. Porphyra powder and Spirulina contain not only fat-soluble pigment such as chlorophyll and carotenoids but also water-soluble pigment such as phycoerythrin and phycocyanin. These results would be useful information to change shell color of abalone in aquaculture.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.580-587
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• 2010

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary water-soluble carbohydrate extract from Renga renga lily (Arthropodium cirratum) and a commercial product, $Frutafit^{{\circledR}}$ (both fructans) on the performance, organ weights, ileal digestibility and gut morphology of male Cobb broiler chickens. There were six treatment groups: a negative control with no supplements, a positive control supplemented with 45 ppm Zn-bacitracin, and four test diets each supplemented with Renga renga lily extract or Frutafit at 5 or 10 g/kg diet. Supplementation with low levels of Renga renga lily extract and Frutafit in the diet did not affect productive parameters, whereas the inclusion of a high level of Frutafit had a negative effect on BWG and FI compared with birds fed the negative control diet. The addition of an antibiotic to the diet significantly improved (p<0.05) the BWG and FCR of broilers. Apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter, starch, protein and fat was not affected (p>0.05) by supplementation with both levels of lily extract and the low level of Frutafit. The apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter, protein and fat was decreased (p<0.05) by the high level of Frutafit. The apparent metabolisable energy (AME) of the diets fed the high level of Frutafit was approximately 0.2 MJ/kg DM lower than that of the negative control group. The addition of Zn-bacitracin increased (p<0.05) the apparent ileal digestibility of fat. The relative weight of the liver was higher (p<0.05) in broilers supplemented with the high level of Frutafit than for negative control birds at 14 and 35 d of age. Feeding Renga renga lily extract or Frutafit had no effect on the gut morphology of birds on d 14 and 35. It can be concluded that dietary inclusion of fructans from the two sources used in this study affected broiler performance differently and in a dose-dependent manner.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.633-638
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• 1998

Fibrionolytic activity(FA) of kimchi in rat and FAs of water and methanol extracts of kimchi ingredient were determined using fibrin plate method to see where the active principles for FA are present in kimchi. Nine Sprague-Dawley per each group were fed diet containing 3, 5 or 10% of freeze dried kimchi for 6 weeks. The FA of plasma obtained from 10% kimchi group showed stronger FA than that of control. FAs of 3 and 5% kimchi group were not noticeable. FA from methanol extract of kimchi was approximately 6 times higher than that from water extract assuming that the active material may be present in a fat soluble fraction. From water extract of kimchi ingredients, dropwort, green onion, radish and baechu showed FA in descending order. And from methanol extracts, red pepper powder, radish, green onion and baechu showed FA in decending order. The Fa of methanol extract of red pepper powder was the most noticeable among samples.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.327-332
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• 1986

천연항산화제의 유효이용을 위하여, 생강으로부터 추출한 산항화성물질을 정어리유에 첨가하여 $37^{\circ}C$에서 저장하면서 POV, 산가, TBA가, 중량변화 및 지방산조성 등의 변화를 경시적으로 조사하여 그 항산화성을 검토하였다. 1. 저장중 과산화물가의 변화에 있어서, 생강의 $80\%$ ethanol 추출구와 지용구는 10일 째까지 완만하게 증가하다가 그 이후 빠른 속도로 증가하였으며 수용구는 25일 째까지 완만하게 증가하였다. 2. 저장중 TBA가의 변화는 수용구가 10일 째까지 완만히 증가하다가 그 이후 비교적 빠른 속도로 증가한 반면 $80\%$ ethanol 추출구와 지용구는 초기부터 비교적 빠른 속도로 증가하였다. 3. 저장중 산가의 변화에 있어서 대조구는 10일째부터 빠른 속도로 증가하였는데 수용구는 30일 째까지 완만한 증가를 나타내었다. 4. 저장중 중량변화에 있어서 대조구는 15일 째까지 빠른 속도로 증가하였는데 $80\%$ ethanol 추출구는 20일 째 약 $3.5\%$, 지용구는 $1.7\%$, 증가한 반면 수용구는 약 $0.5\%$ 증가하였다. 5. 저장중 지방산조성을 살펴보면 저장초기에 포화산은 약 $41.4\%$ 이었으며 $C_{14:0}$가 약 $9\%$, $C_{16:0}$가 $28.9\%$로서 포화산의 $90\%$ 이상을 차지하였고, monoene산은 $19.0\%$로서 $C_{16:1}$이 약 $9\%$, $C_{18:1}$이 $8.6\%$로서 monoene산의 대부분을 차지하였으며 polyene산은 약 $32.1\%$로서, $C_{20:4},\;C_{20:5},\;C_{20:6}$이 그 대부분을 차지하였다. 생강의 각 추출구를 첨가한 후 저장 40일 째의 지방산조성을 살펴보면 대조구에 있어서 포화산이 약$62.2\%$이고 monoene산은 $29.0\%$, polyene산은 약$5.6\%$인데, polyene산의 경우 저장초기에 비하여 약$26.5\%$ 감소하였는데 $C_{20:4},\;C_{20:5},\;C_{22:6}$이 주감소요인으로 작용하였다. $80\%$ ethanol 추출구. 지용구 및 수용구도 이와 비슷한 경향을 나타내었지만 대조구에 비하여 모두 polyene산의 감소비율이 작았는데 특히 $C_{22:6}$의 경우 수용구의 감소비율이 가장 적었고 다음으로 지용구 $80\%$ ethanol 추출구의 순이었다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2013

Hot water soluble extract was prepared from Hericium erinaceus and its neuritogenic activity on PC12h cells was analyzed, which is a clone originating from a rat pheochromocytomon. The moisture content of freeze dried hot water extract was 12.08%. The extract was mainly composed of carbohydrate (51.24%) followed by crude protein (24.04%), crude fat (0.26%), dietary fiber (5.09), and ash (12.18%). Fatty acids, glucan and inorganic constituents were found as minor components. The neuritogenic activity of hot water extract was evaluated under microscopic observation of neurite outgrowth in PC12h cells and by measuring the neurite length of induvidual cell. The extract exhibited strong effect of neurite outgrowth in a dose-dependent manner from 0.01 mg/mL to 1 mg/mL, in which longer neurite outgrowth was observed as the treatment dose increased.