• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.839-848
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• 2008

This study was conducted to determine the effect of mugwort powder on carcass characteristics, proximate composition, cholesterol contents, and meat qualities in growing-finishing gilt and barrow(LY×D). Totally 80 pigs (40 gilts and 40 barrows, approximately 50kg each) with 10 pigs per treatment were randomly alloted. The diet group was prepared as 0(C), 0.5(T1), 1.0(T2), and 1.5%(T3) mugwort powder in basal diet, respectively. They were fed experimental diets for 90 days before slaughtered. Carcass weight was increased by dietary mugwort powder(p<0.05), whereas changes in back fat thickness and meat grade were unaffected by dietary supplements. Meat moisture, fat, ash, and cholesterol were not differ significantly in the samples, however, protein in T2 and T3 were significantly higher than the control (p<0.05). Meat pH48, water holding capacity, and cooking loss were not differ significantly in the samples (p>0.05), and shear force of fresh meat and fat were not differ significantly in the samples(p>0.05). Lightness(L*) of meat was increased but that of fat was decreased by dietary mugwort powder, whereas changes in redness(a*) and yellowness(b*) were unaffected by dietary supplements.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.593-598
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• 2002

This experiment was prosecuted to estimate the carcass traits and their relationships in Hanwoo steers. The mean carcass weight(CWT), back fat thickness (BFT), meat, bone, intra- muscular fat (IMF) and eye muscle area (EMA) of steers were 300.27 kg, 9.23 mm, 58.99%, 12.92%, 28.08% and 74.00 $cm^2$, respectively. The pHB(before aging), pHA(after aging), cook loss before aging($CL_B$) and cook loss after aging ($CL_A$) were 5.32, 5.60, 16.43% and 19.21%, respectively. It was also found that the MS and FC were 3.67 and 3.17, respectively. The EMA and quantity index (QIX) were positively correlated with CWT, meat% and bone% but negatively correlated with IMF%. The BFT was positively correlated with CWT and meat% but negatively correlated with bone% and IMF%. The pH (both before and after aging) was negatively correlated with CL (both before and after aging), water loss during freezing (WLF) and FC. The muscle score(MS) was negatively correlated with CL but positively correlated with WLF and FC. The ARM, HRD, CHW and CTM increased with the increasing of fat% and sharply decreased with the increasing of meat% in the carcass.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.853-860
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• 2008

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of chromium (Cr), dietary crude protein (CP) level and potential interactions between these two factors on growth rate and carcass response, insulin activity and lipid metabolism in lambs. Forty-eight, 9-week-old weaned lambs (Dorper$\times$Small-tail Han sheep, mean initial body weight = $22.96kg{\pm}2.60kg$) were used in a $2{\times}3$ factorial arrangement of supplemental Cr (0 ppb, Cr0; 400 ppb, Cr1; or 800 ppb, Cr2 from chromium yeast) and CP levels (157 g/d to 171 g/d for each animal, LP; or 189 g/d to 209 g/d for each animal, HP). Growth data and blood samples were collected at the beginning and end of the feed trial, after which the lambs were killed. Both Cr additive groups and the HP group increased final weight and average daily gain, especially the Cr1 and HP group (p<0.01). HP increased pelvic fat weight (p<0.05), fat thickness of the 10th rib (p<0.05), longissimus muscle area (p<0.01) and rate of deposition of intramuscular fat (p<0.01). Supplemental Cr decreased the rate of deposition of intramuscular fat (p<0.05). Fasting insulin level and the ratio of insulin to glucose were lower with Cr1 than other groups, but with no significant difference. Glucose concentration was not affected by any treatment. Nonesterified fatty acids increased in the Cr1 (p<0.05) and HP (p<0.05) conditions and there was a significant $Cr{\times}CP$ interaction (p<0.05). Cr1 decreased triglycerides (p<0.05) and total cholesterol (p = 0.151) and HP increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.05). Cr1 decreased lipoprotein lipase activity in subcutaneous adipose tissue (aLPL, p<0.05) and the ratio of aLPL to lipoprotein lipase activity in skeletal muscle (mLPL, p = 0.079). mLPL and hepatic lipase (hHL) were not affected by any treatment. In the present study, Cr had limited effects on growth rate and carcass response, whereas Cr and CP had some notable effects on plasma metabolites and enzyme activities. Cr has a potential effect on energy modulation between lipid and muscle tissue. In addition, few $Cr{\times}CP$ interactions were observed.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2004

One of the major advantages of microsurgical reconstruction for defects of the hand is that these techniques allow for selection of the most ideal tissue to reconstruct a particular defect, thus optimizing the functional and aesthetic outcome. The dorsalis pedis free flap is an excellent reconstructive tool for various hand reconstructions. It has a reliable vasculature with vessels that are relative large on a long pedicle. It provides thin pliable tissue and be innervated by deep peroneal nerve. Coupled with its thinness and pliability, it is ideal for innervated cover of critically sensitive area, especially such as the hand. Thus it can be used as a cutaneotendinous flap, or an osteocutaneous flap. Otherwise, the major criticism with this flap is related to its uncertain vascularity and the donor defect. It is the purpose of this paper to outline our technique of flap elevation and donor site closure and to indicate our current use of this flap in hand reconstruction. We have treated 10 cases (6 burn scar contracture cases, 4 acute hand trauma cases) of hand reconstruction from Dec. 3, 1997 to Mar. 4, 2004 using dorsalis pedis free flap. The key points for sucess in terms of a viable flap and acceptable donor site are the preservation of the critical dorsalis pedis-first dorsal metatarsal vascular axis and the creation of a viable bed for grafting. In addition, we substituted preserved superficial fat skin graft for split thickness skin graft and wet environment was offered for good graft take. Preserved superficial fat skin is defined as composite graft containing epidermis, dermis and superficial fat layer. With sufficient care in flap elevation and donor site closure, a good graft take of preserved superficial fat skin under wet environment can be achieved with no functional disability and minimal cosmetic deformity in donor site. This flap has proved itself to be a best choice for hand reconstruction.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.725-731
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• 2008

The principal objective of this study was to assess the effects of low-calorie diets(LCD) for 8 weeks of medical nutrition therapy in individuals with BMI in excess of $23\;kg/m^2$. 41 over-weight or obese individuals (male=14, female=27, age $28.6{\pm}8.9\;yrs$), none of whom were diagnosed with a medical disease, were administered MNT 4 times over the study period. Approximately $1,100{\sim}1,300\;kcal/day$ were prescribed by a dietitian, via individualized counseling. Anthropometric parameters, daily nutrient intake, and blood levels of leptin, insulin, and lipid profiles were measured prior to and after the 8 weeks of the intervention period. We noted significant reductions in body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), abdominal skin-fold thickness, and waist circumference in both men and women. The mean body weight losses in men and women were $3.2{\pm}0.6\;kg$/8 weeks and $2.8{\pm}0.6\;kg$/8 weeks, respectively. However, the % of lean body mass (LBM) in men and women was shown to increase significantly (p<0.05). The daily intake of calorie, fat, protein, vitamin E, folate, and iron were significantly reduced during the LCD period. Blood levels of lipids and glucose were in normal range, and evidenced no changes after LCD. However, the serum levels of leptin in female subjects were significantly reduced (p<0.00l) from $8.9{\pm}4.8\;ng/mL$ to $6.9{\pm}4.8\;ng/mL$. In conclusion, 8 weeks of LCD with individualized counseling by a dietitian effectively reduced body fat and visceral fat in both men and women with BMI in excess of $23\;kg/m^2$.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 1997

Two experiments were carried out to determine the effects of pelleting layer diets on the laying perforrnance and nutrients utilizability, using either 50-wk-old(Experiment 1) or 80-wk-old (Experiment 2) layers. There was no effect of pelleting layer diets on hen-day egg production and average egg weight but decreased (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio(intake /egg weight) in both experiments. Although both egg specific gravity and eggshell thickness were not influenced by pelleting eggshell breaking strength was improved(P<0.05) only in Experiment 1. Utilizability of dietary fat was improved(P<0.05) by pelleting layer diets with no difference in other nutrients utilizability. There was no difference in the passage rate of mash and pelleted layer diets.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.177-186
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• 1997

To evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional supplements for cancer patients, the study was performed in 30 cncer patients, receiving chemotherapy. Patients were randomly divided into two groups -15 patients for the nutritionally supplemented group and 15 patients for the control group. Patients of the supplemented group were nutritionally supported with a commercial product for 9 weeks. Nutritional status of the patients was detrmined by dietary intake data, anthropometric measurements and hematological analysis at the beginning and after 3, 6 and 9 weeks of supplemental priod. Mean daily intake levels of energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and asorbic acid for the supplemented group were significantly higher than those of control group. Significant increase in mid-arm circumference, triceps skinfold thickness and arm fat area were observed in supplemented group during the study period. However, the changes of body weight, body mass index and arm muscle area were not significantly increased. Serum transferrin level improved slightly by nutritioal support, but serum albumin levle did not change significantly. There data show that nutritional status of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy can be improved by utritional supplementation for 9 weeks.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.430-436
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• 1999

This study investigated the correlations among nutrient intakes, and immune status in Korean young women in relation to body mass index(BMI). Subjects were classified as underweight, normal or overweight, with anthropometric measurements of these three groups significatly different in terms of weight, body fat, waist measurement, hip measurement, waist/hip ratio(WHR), and skindfold thickness(p<0.001). Average vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, calcium and zinc levles were lower than the Korean RDA. Vitamin A levels were found to be significantly correlated with BMI(p<0.05). There was no significant difference in total T and B lymphocytes or IgG, IgG, and IgM levels with respect to BMI, but Natural Killer(NK) cell levels were found significantly increased with increased BMI(p<0.05). BMI was also positively correlated with iron intake and negatively correlated with vitamin A intake in the normal group. Based upon this study, further research on nutritional, immune and trace-mineral status of overweight and underweight young women is required for better health promotion in this female populaton.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2017

Physicochemical properties of pork patties formulated with black rice powder were investigated. Moisture contents of samples containing black rice powder were significantly higher than that of the control (p<0.05). Protein, fat, and ash contents increased with increasing black rice powder content. Uncooked and cooked pH values of samples increased with increasing black rice powder content. Lightness and yellowness of samples decreased with increasing concentration of black rice powder. Redness of cooked samples containing black rice powder was significantly lower than that of the control (p<0.05). Water holding capacity and cooking yield of samples increased with increasing black rice powder concentration. Diameter and thickness reduction ratio of samples decreased with increasing black rice powder content. Sensory evaluation of samples showed no significant difference between samples. Thus, black rice powder improved the quality of pork patties.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.181-191
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• 2006

The main objective of this study is to analyze characteristics on the somatotype of modern adult women In order to standardize of products. The sample for this work chosen from data which were collected and measured by Size Korea during two years($2003{\sim}2004$). In order to analyze feature of the somatotype of modern adult women, analysis was peformed in 1,371 subjects(645 twenties women, 725 thirties women) about 21 body parts such as height(4 parts), width(3 parts), thickness(3 parts), circumference(7 parts), length(3 parts) and body weight. According to the result of analysis, it was found that the twenties group was near in slender somatotype, whereas the thirties group was near in fat somatotype compared to standard somatotype.