• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.198-207
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• 2024

As men's interest in grooming increases, YouTube videos teaching men about natural makeup that could help them look more presentable are becoming popular. An increasing amount of beauty content on YouTube now targets men. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the features of male-targeted beauty videos with the highest number of views and likes in order to help beauty influencers understand what subscribers want and apply effective marketing strategies. The research method set criteria for YouTuber characteristics, editing elements, and content through prior research, and analyzed through the YouTube website. The video upload date range was set from January 1, 2022 to January 1, 2024. The search keywords "male beauty YouTuber" and "male makeup" were used to find the 10 most viewed videos. The results showed that technical terms, standard words, and loanwords were generally used, and the age group was in their 30s, and the proportion of famous experts was high. The video duration of 10-15 minutes was most common, and the ratio of sound effects, background music, and subtitles was high. Makeup tips and product reviews or recommendations was the most common type of content. Especially, demonstrations of make-up application and product reviews had higher number of views. The findings of this study could provide new ideas and references to YouTubers who aspire to specialize in male beauty content, and help them produce videos that sufficiently satisfy the needs and desires of subscribers.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.18 no.3 s.41
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• pp.133-148
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to acquire the better and more correct information on the school uniforms with which middle or high school students may be satisfied. We investigated clothing interest, school uniform satisfaction, school uniform modification behavior and the relationship anions those factors. The data were collected from 472 questionnaires of middle and high school students who lived in Gyeonggi-do and analyzed statistically. We found that adolescents felt a great interest in appearance, fashion, brand orientation of clothing, and they spent most of personal expenses in buying clothes. However, the extent of adolescents' satisfaction on school uniform was low. Especially, the satisfaction on status symbolism, fashion, washing & management, body comfort and economical efficiency of school uniform was found low. Three hundred fifty three students (74.8%) agreed to modify the school uniform for personality and in chase of fashion. Two hundred eighty four students (58.1%) needed partially and variously modified school uniform, and these modifications showed a tendency of tightness to the body. We also found that the higher adolescents' clothing interests in appearance, conformity, modesty and brand orientation were. the more satisfied adolescents were with the status symbolism and the washing & management of school uniform and the more affected the school uniform modification behaviors of students were. There were. however. no significant difference between the extent of school uniform satisfaction and the school uniform modification behavior, Another research of school uniform will be necessary in order to reduce the discrepancy between clothing needs for representing the appearance, personality and fashion in the present adolescents and those for representing the worthy and modest images of a student and pursuing the economic value through school uniform in the older generation. We suggest that students should consider these results when they choose school uniform and furthermore both the person in charge of schools and school uniform makers should refer to those when they design and make school uniform.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.117-133
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• 2007

This paper evaluates the efficiency of monetary policy in Korea within the framework of interest rate feedback rules. For this, a small open macroeconomic model is constructed in a similar fashion to Ball (1999). The model is shown to capture key features of the Korean economy well. Using this estimated model, optimal instrument rules are derived for a set of different monetary policy objectives. Empirical results find that the actual monetary policy in the class of instrument rules was not very effective in stabilizing the output gap relative to inflation. However, seemingly successful inflation stabilization observed in the data are not consistent with the policy rules as the reaction of the interest rate to inflation is very low. It also appears that the central bank did not react right to movements in the real exchange rate. This paper offers some suggestions for the conduct of monetary policy in Korea.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.21-32
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• 2017

Motivated by the recent cases of negligent social responsibility as manifested by foreign luxury fashion brands in Korea, this study investigates whether agency costs depend on the sustainability of different types of corporate governance. Agency costs refer either to vertical costs arising from the relationship between stockholders and managers, or to horizontal costs associated with the potential conflicts between majority and minority stockholders. The firms with luxury fashion brand could spend large sums of money on maintenance of magnificent brand image, thereby increasing the agency cost. On the contrary, the firms may hold down wasteful spending to report a gaudily financial achievement. This results in mitigation of the agency cost. Agency costs are measured by the value of the principal component. First, three ratios are constructed: asset turnover, operating expense to sales, and earnings before interest, tax, and depreciation. Then, the scores of each of these ratios for individual firms in the sample are differenced from the ratios for the benchmark firm of S-OIL. S-OIL was designated as the best superior governance model firm for 2013 by CGS. We perform regression analysis of each agency cost index, luxury fashion brand dummy and a set of control variables. The regression results indicate that the agency costs of the firms with luxury fashion brand exceed those of control group in the fashion industry in the part of operating expenses, but the agency cost falls short of those of control group in the part of EBITD, thus the aggregate agency costs are not differential of those of the control group. In sensitivity test, the results are same that the agency cost of the firms are higher than those of the matching control group with PSM(propensity matching method). These results are corroborated by an additional analysis comparing the group of the companies with the best brands with the control group. The results raise doubts about the effectiveness of management of the firms with luxury fashion brand. This study has a limitation that the research has performed only for 2013 and this paper suggests that there is room for improvement in the current research methodology.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.265-279
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• 1993

The channel of distribution exists for the purpose of moving product from the manufactuerer to the final consumer. In order to satisfy consumer needs, channels provide for the those products to arrive at the right place, at the right time and in the quantity, quality and price desired. Currently, there has been an emerging interest in the improvement of distribution system in many areas of industries and Korean government because of a market liberalizatiion begun at 1989 and still has processed step by step. In the wave of market liberalization, an understanding of the channel of distribution and structure would be very crucial when developing the opportunities of competitive advantages in Korean apparel industry. The purposes of this study were to investigate the determinants of the distribution channel and to identify how to respond to the market liberalization for developing the possible future strategies in the apparel industry. Data for this study were obtained from interviews with managers in apparel company in addition to a questionnaire mailed to over 106 middle management position of apparel company. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The results of this study were summarized as follows. 1. In the distribution channel of the apparel industry, a vertical marketing system, comprising producer, apparel company, retailer, prevailed without intermediaries such as wholesalers or vendors. Especially, the apparel company controlled marketing channel members. This type of system may reflect added product cost and may be not advantageous to retailers and consumers because most apparel companies are responsible for its own transfortation, storage and stocks after season. 2. In the view of market liberalization, most apparrel companies showed double-edged viewpoints. In terms of positive aspect, it would give stimulus to broaden variety of fashion merchandise and to improve product quality of fashion merchanise which were the most disadvantageous factors in competing with oversea's brands. In terms of negative aspect, it would bring the bankruptcy of small or medium sized apparel firms and the foreign products' penetration in domestic market. From this study, severel recommedations were suggested forward to improve the present condition in apparel industry. They included eliminating the power of apparel company and reinforcing middlemen for more efficient distribution system and for satisfying consumer needs in rapidly changing environment. Also it included government supports, reinforcement of information system, improvement in channel structure, and career development program in conjunction with apparel companies and academic society for improving scientific management and future potential strategies in Korean apparal industry.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.116-134
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• 2003

The beauty industry of today tends to gradually develope as one of the important marketing strategies along with the total fashion sector. Hair color, being one of the factors of hair style, especially builds his or her own image and even becomes the nonverbal communication method which let others know him/herself. Therefore, women's needs and expectations of hair coloring are varied. To meet these need, it is urgent to figure out, most of all, the status of customers' awareness about hair coloring. Thus, in this study, research and analysis on hair coloring were made, focusing on the women utilizing 20 beauty shops in Changwon city. And the goal that this study set is to use as the study material for the hair coloring consulting in the beauty industry and the basic data for marketing in the industry job-sites. The conclusion by the three factors(age, job, monthly income) were as follows: 1. Dandyism was on the 1st order in the reason for coloring hair regardless of age, job, and monthly income. This seems to be speaking for the change of women's awareness of coloring hair. 2. The subject of making decision upon whether she was going to color her hair or not was herself regardless of age, job, and monthly income. Among the people belong to these three factors, brown was the color in overall preference. 3. More than half of those who belong to the three factors were not aware of the hair color, but their senses and interest in the color in vogue were high. 4. In terms of the hair coloring periodic time, many people had $2{\sim}3$months, but it was possible to know that they were interested in improving their images, considering the fact that most of the salaried people had their hair dyed within a month and the people in service job over a month. 5. The acquaintance around me had the strongest effect in collecting information from the people in those three factors and mass media was the next. The results of this study, in my opinion, would help the customers have beautiful and healthy hair and make images of their own by making the hair designers develope professional knowledges and skills on the hair coloring and improve the quality of beauty services.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.11-26
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• 2010

This study was carried out using personal measurement for female college students who have a great interest in fashion at 20-24 age, and examined somatotype character. As a means of a character type test, the grades were laid by using MBTI which proved to be objective, and relativity between character types was laid by conducting correlation analysis. The conclusions which can be drawn from this study are as followed. 1. In 4 preference index, which was classified by MBTI, Sensing(S) type was the highest of 17.27% at the average and 68.5% at the distribution rate each. The average of Extraversion(E) type was 14.56% and it's distribution rate was 64.5%. Index of types were : Intuition(N) 12.49%, Introversion(I) 11.75%, Perceiving(P) 12.50%. Average distribution rate of each types were : N 31.5%, I 35.5%, P 40.3%. And average of Sensing(S) type was the lowest, 11.09%. Like American Students, the subjects of this study showed higher in the E type than in the I type. The distribution rate of 16 character types of MBTI were : ESTJ 18.5%, ESFP 13.7%, ISTJ and ESFJ 9.7%. But INTP and INFP were low, 2.4% and 0.8%. 2. Average sizes of subjects for this study were : height 160.49cm, weight 51.83kg, bust 83.22cm, waist 65.49cm, hips 90.70cm. As compared with measurement of women at 20-24 age of Size Korea(2004), the subjects of this study showed less, about 0.2-5cm in height, 0.2-2cm in circumference except in waist, and 0.5-3.6cm in length. 3. After examining the relativity between personal measurement categories of the subjects and character type through the MBTI, Extraversion(E) type showed inverse correlation in stature, height, biacromial breadth, and subcutaneous fat thickness of posterior iliospinale. Contrary to the E type, the Introversion(I) type showed positive correlation. Sensing(S) type showed inverse correlation only in biacromial breadth, Intuition(N) type showed positive correlation in most categories including height, width and the subcutaneous fat thickness. Thinking(T) type showed positive correlation in bust point-bust point, chest depth and hip width. Feeling(F) type, on the other hand, showed inverse correlation. The Judging(J) type showed inverse correlation in stature, height, length and the parts of chest. In contrast, Perceiving(P) type showed positive correlation in other categories including biacromial breadth, same as the J type.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.73-84
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• 2020

Recently, there has been a change in consumer culture. The paradigm is changing from a consumption model that used to emphasize rationality to an ethical consumption model that focuses on sustainability. Such a change in consumption patterns has also been seen in the cosmetics industry, but studies to empirically assess this trend are incomplete. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to empirically identify the impact of ethical consumption proprieties on attitudes and purchasing intentions for ethical cosmetics. To achieve the aim of this study, 506 adult women residing in Korea were selected as subjects and surveyed. To identify the demographic characteristics of the study participants, a technical statistical analysis and frequency analysis were conducted. To check the validity and reliability of the measuring tools, an exploratory factor analysis was performed, and the Cronbach's α factor was calculated. The analysis method was analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 and the Amos 25.0 statistical analysis programs. The results of this study are as follows. First, ethical spending tendencies had a positive impact on attitudes toward ethical cosmetics. Specifically, interest in ethical issues, altruism, and business ethics perception have had a positive impact on attitudes toward ethical cosmetics. However, consumer effectiveness had no significant impact on attitudes toward ethical cosmetics. Second, attitudes toward ethical cosmetics had a positive effect on purchasing intentions. This study found that for the spread of ethical cosmetics and ethical consumption trends varied according to the age and that attitudes toward ethical cosmetics and differences in purchasing intentions should be kept in mind. It also showed that attitudes toward ethical cosmetics affect purchasing intentions. The results of this study suggested that the analysis of adult women, the main consumers of cosmetics, by age was meaningful for finding the factors for growth in the macroscopic ethical cosmetics industry and that the industry could raise its ethical awareness. If such tasks are systematically established, ethical cosmetics are thought to be able to actively solve social problems and lead a mature cosmetics industry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.313-315
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• 2019

Although Korea's fashion market has negative growth, it has been growing again since 2018. This phenomenon means that people are becoming more interested in fashion. As interest in fashion grows, people visit various community sites for reference to find a suitable coordination for themselves. Most community sites, however, are manually categorizing each garment. Not only do these tasks take a lot of time, but they also make it difficult to search for multiple clothing at the same time. In other words, I can't choose what I want at the same time, and if I choose what I want, I have to look at what the model is wearing and refer to it. The problem with this may not help because the coordination in which the model provided is worn is more likely to be the one that the user does not want. In this paper, when the image is uploaded to improve the problem, the clothing is analyzed with AI analysis model and automatically classified and stored. Therefore, not only can you search for one clothes in the existing way, but you can also search for multiple clothes at the same time. The service is expected to allow more people to easily find and refer to the code for themselves.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2022

Fashion is a field in which personal taste acts as the first criterion for purchase, and it is being refined as an important strategy to increase purchase conversion on mobile. Although related studies have been conducted, there are insufficient studies to confirm this according to the detailed purchasing journey of consumers. The purpose of this study is to examine whether the evaluation of user experience factors of personalized recommendation service differs by purchase journey, and to reveal whether it affects purchase intention and satisfaction. Variety, reliability, and convenience showed a significant difference at the level of 0.001% and usefulness at the level of 0.05%. Satisfaction levels were different for each stage, such as novelty and usefulness in the cognitive and interest stage, and high reliability and diversity in the search stage. It has theoretical significance in that it enhances the understanding of the purchase journey by revealing that there is a difference in user evaluation of the personalized recommendation service, and it has practical significance in that it suggests the direction of improvement of the personalized recommendation service strategy. If research on effectiveness is conducted in the future, it will be able to contribute to an advanced strategy.