• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.266-270
• /
• 2007

This research was conducted to investigate antioxidant activities of Juglans mandshrica forages by the irradiation of far infrared ray during leaf drying processes before compound extraction, with its potential use for activating antioxidants. The contents of total phenolics and flavonoids in the basis of a gram leaf dry weight were maximized in 20 min at 30 V of far infrared irradiation. Total phenolic content was 25.43 mg/g in the FIR treatment, while it was 21.12 mg/g in the non-FIR treatment control. Total flavonoid content was 39.38 mg/g in the FIR treatment, while it was 32.78 mg/g in the non-FIR treatment control. The contents were decreased when the condition of far infrared ray irradiation was higher voltage and longer treatment time, exhibiting 16.93 mg/g of total phenolics and 23.78 mg/g of total flavonoids in 30 min at 50 V of far infrared irradiation. The antioxidant activities were shown to positive relationships with the contents of total phenolics and total flavonoids. In this study, we concluded that content of bioactive molecules relating antioxidant activity in Juglans mandshrica forages is optimized in 20 min at 30 V of far infrared irradiation for leaf drying process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.131-134
• /
• 2005

The effect of far-infrared (FIR) irradiation on the antioxidant activity of extracts from rice hulls was evaluated. Rice hulls (9 g) were placed in Pyrex petri dishes (8.0 cm diameter) and irradiated at 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130 or 14$0^{\circ}C$ for 10,20,30,40,50 or 60 min with a FIR heater, respectively. After FIR irradiation, methanol extract of rice hulls was prepared, and total phenol contents (TPC) and radical scavenging activity (RSA) of the extracts were determined. FIR irradiation of rice hulls at 11$0^{\circ}C$ for 60 min increased TPC of the methanol extract from 51.6 $\mu$M to 104.3 $\mu$M compared to those of non-irradiated control. The irradiation at 12$0^{\circ}C$ for 60 min also increased RSA of the extract from 16.23% to 69.40%. These results indicated that appropriate FIR irradiation onto rice hulls could liberate the covalently bound phenolic compounds that have antioxidant activities.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.819-826
• /
• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of night-time far-infrared irradiance quality of red pepper dried in greenhouses. This study involved 4 treatments: sunlight alone (control), or sunlight plus nightly far-infrared irradiation at $250W{\cdot}6.6m^{-2}$ ($250W{\cdot}6.6m^{-2}$), far-infrared irradiation at $250W{\cdot}3.3m^{-2}$ ($250W{\cdot}3.3m^{-2}$), or far-infrared irradiation $500W{\cdot}3.3m^{-2}$ ($500W{\cdot}3.3m^{-2}$). The drying periods were 12 days in $500W{\cdot}3.3m^{-2}$ and $250W{\cdot}3.3m^{-2}$, and 14 days in $250W{\cdot}6.6m^{-2}$, and 15 days in the control. The daytime temperature was same among the treatments. The lowest temperature was at $23.8^{\circ}C$ in control, and $29.5-37.2^{\circ}C$ in far-infrared irradiation treatments. The marketable yield was 7-14% higher in far-infrared irradiation treatments compared to the control. The rate of marketability was higher in far-infrared irradiation treatments (93.6-96.3%) than in the control (87.0-87.5%). The American Spice Trade Association (ASTA) value was greatest in the $250W{\cdot}3.3m^{-2}$ treatment, followed by $250W{\cdot}6.6m^{-2}$, then $500W{\cdot}3.3m^{-2}$, and finally the control. Capsaicinoid content showed no regular trend among the treatments. Our results provide an optimized method for reducing drying time of red pepper under sunlight, and improving the quality of dried red pepper.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.60-64
• /
• 2006

The effect of far-infrared (FIR) irradiation and heat treatment on the antioxidant activity of extracts from citrus pomaces (CP) was evaluated. CP were placed in pyrex petri dishes (8.0 cm diameter) and irradiated at $100^{\circ}C$ and $150^{\circ}C$ for 5, 10, 15, 20, 40 or 60 min with a FIR heater or simple heater, respectively. After FIR irradiation or simple heat treatment, 70% ethanol extracts (EE) and water extracts (WE) of CP were prepared and radical scavenging activity (RSA) and reducing power of the extracts were determined. The antioxidant activities of the extracts increased as the time of heating or FIR-irradiation increased. When CP were FIR-irradiated at $100^{\circ}C$ far 30min, the values of RSA and reducing power of EE increased from 14.9% to 44.2%, and 0.290 to 0.886, respectively, compared to the untreated control. Simple heat treatment of CP at $100^{\circ}C$ for 60 min also increased RSA and reducing power of EE to 44.7%, and 1.045, respectively. FIR irradiation and heat treatment increased RSA and reducing power of WE from CP, too. These results indicated the antioxidant activity of CP extracts was significantly affected by FIR irradiation and heating temperature and duration on CP, and that the FIR irradiation and heat treatment process can be used as a tool for increasing the antioxidant activity of CP.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2002

OBJECTIVE: This study was Far infrared(FIR) irradiating to a rat collagen-induced autoimmune arthritis and observed nitric oxide level of spine. METHODS: Type II collagen(CII) in adjuvant was injected into rats on day 0. The results showed that rats injected with CII plus adjuvant had signs of autoimmune arthritis on day 14. Thereafter, Far infrared(FIR) irradiation was begun on day 15. The rats were irradiated FIR twice per day for 20 min each time. RESULTS: Seven days later(Day 22), the level of NO at FIR irradiated group(FRG; Arth+FIR) was decreased more than FIR-non irradiated group(FNRG; Arth). Twenty-one days later(Day 36), the level of NO at FRG was more closed to the control group's NO level than the FNRG. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that Far infrared irradiating appears to reduce the nitric oxide level at a rat model of autoimmune arthritis induced.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.56-61
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The spasticity of stroke patients decreases the ankle range of motion and increases the gastrocnemius muscle tone. This study examined the effects of stretching exercise and far infrared irradiation on the ankle function in stroke patients with spasticity. Methods: This study was conducted on 20 stroke patients admitted to Jesaeng General Hospital, who were divided into a study group (stretching exercise with far infrared) and control group (stretching exercise only). The dorsiflexion range of motion was measured using a smartphone and the medial gastrocnemius muscle tone and stiffness were measured using a Myoton pro. Results: With the exception of the non-paretic gastrocnemius muscle tone in the control group, the medial gastrocnemius muscle tone and stiffness decreased significantly in both groups. In both groups, the dorsiflexion range of motion increased significantly. In addition, the experimental group had a significantly higher dorsiflexion range of motion than the control group. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the medial gastrocnemius muscle tone and stiffness. Conclusion: For stroke patients with spasticity, stretching exercises increased the ankle's range of motion and decreased the gastrocnemius muscle tone. The addition of heat therapy further increased the ankle's range of motion. On the other hand, as the sample size was small, future studies should include more subjects.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.28
• /
• pp.53-62
• /
• 2010

The effect of far-infrared (FIR) irradiation on the functional compounds of grape seeds extract were evaluated. Grape seed was dried on different heating power (0, 900, 1800 W) and heating time (0, 20, 40 min) with far-infrared drier. Contents of soluble solids, catechins, total phenolics and total flavonoids along with Hunter's color value, electron donating ability (EDA) and nitrite scavenging activity were analyzed. The soluble solids, Hunter's L value and a value were not significantly different from control samples. Cathechin, procyanidin $B_2$ and epicatechin contents changed with heating time. In the treated sample, total cathechins content was found maximum at 900 W of heating power and 20 min of heating time with a high level of total phenolics, total flavonids and EDA. These results indicated that FIR irradiation of grape seed could enhance antioxidant activities of its extracts by increasing the amounts of functional compounds. Moreover, response surface methodology(RSM) was applied to predict optimum conditions for heating by FIR rays of grape seeds. Based on superimposition of contour map with respect to total phenolics, total catechin and EDA, optimum ranges of heating conditions were heating power of 621.82~818.18 W and heating time of 16.3~19.83 min.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.42 no.9
• /
• pp.1357-1362
• /
• 2013

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of far-infrared (FIR) irradiation on the antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of Schizonepeta (S.) tenuifolia. After FIR irradiation of S. tenuifolia for 30 min at 70, 90, or $110^{\circ}C$, water extracts (2 g/100 mL) were prepared at $60^{\circ}C$ for 1, 3, or 5 h. Total phenol content (TPC), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities (RSAs), and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the extracts were determined. TPC, antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of the extracts increased significantly with increasing FIR irradiation temperature of S. tenuifolia. For example, irradiation at $110^{\circ}C$ for 5 h increased TPC, DPPH RSA, ABTS RSA, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the extract from 204.64 to $618.67{\mu}g$ gallic acid equivalents/mL, from 30.15 to 80.84%, from 24.43 to 55.33%, and from 7.05 to 33.65%, respectively, compared to the extract of untreated S. tenuifolia. These results indicate that FIR irradiation may be useful as a processing method for enhancing the quality of S. tenuifolia.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2011.04a
• /
• pp.102-103
• /
• 2011

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2011.09a
• /
• pp.316-317
• /
• 2011