• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.156-159
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• 2007

Bathroom in apartment has the main functions of bath, washing hand and evacuation. The bathroom equipments for these functions are bathtub, shower booth, washbasin and toilet stool. Generally, these equipment are put together in one space, so it may cause people have trouble in using bathroom by other family members' occupation. Therefore the purpose of this study is to investigate the degree of preference about bathroom space fraction and grope for the connection with other spaces in apartment. The subject of this study were residents who live in brand apartments located in Seoul. The survey were carried out from november to December 2006. The data were analyzed through SPSS/PC+ using frequency, percentage and crossovers. The results of this study are as following, 1. A number of respondents would have trouble in using the bathroom by other family members' occupation once a week or more. The functional fraction of bathroom space is needed. 2. Close adjacency to Powder space, dress room is preferred. Coordination of washbasin and powder space is also needed. 3. Each separated spaces can be connected with other related spaces.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.53-72
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• 2009

This study examined the effects of job involvement, job stress, and organizational culture on work-life harmonization of Korean employees. The data came from 481 employees in diverse organizations located in Seouland the metropolitan area. Key findings of the study were (a) job involvement was significantly different for different types of occupation and job positions, while job stress was significantly different based on gender, education, income, and the term of service; (b) perceptions of organizational culture by employees varied according to gender, age, position, the period of service, and firm size; (c) the level of work-life harmonization was not significantly different based on gender, age, marital status, education, and income - but it did differ significantly based on types of occupation and firm size; (d) the employee's type of education, job involvement, job stress, and organizational culture have effects on work-life harmonization.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.135-159
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• 2010

The purpose of the study was to investigate the characteristics and economic status of deficit households compared to surplus households. Data from The Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2005 by NSO and 50, 207 salary/wage earners' households were used for the analysis. The statistical methods used were GLM, logit, and cluster analyses. The analysis results showed that 25.3 percent of the households were deficit households. Approximately half of the lowest 20% income group were deficit households. Income deficit households earned 1, 273 thousand less than that of surplus households, whereas consumption of deficit households was 1, 006 thousand more than that of surplus households. The average propensity of consumption of deficit households was 142.1. According to the logit analysis, factors contributing to the probability of belonging to a deficit household included income level, household size, age and educational level, occupation, homeownership, car ownership, and wife's employment status. Deficit households were classified into 5 types: 1) health care expenditure-dominated group, 2) housing expenditure-dominated group, 3) education expenditure-dominated group, 4) money transfer-dominated group, and 5) overall-overconsumption group. The overall-overconsumption group was the largest group of all at 58.5%. It was found that for all five groups, the changes in household size, income group, home ownership, and occupation of the individual were variables that influenced the probability of belonging to a certain group.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 1985

This study was designed to examine leisure time and leisure activities of homemakers and to predict future leisure time and future leisure time orientation. Present leisure time and future leisure time orientation were studied in relation to sociodemographic and physical environmental variables, time use variables and attitude variables. The major findings were the average daily housework time of homemakers was 6.5 hours on weekends. Housework time of employed homemakers was 3.5 hours and full-time homemakers was 8.0 hours. Daily leisure time of homemakers was 4.0 hours on weekdays and 4.8 hours o weekends. Most homemakers leisure activities on weekdays and weekends were reading, watching TV or listening to the radio and resting. In the future, they want to go hiking, hunting, traveling or fishing, attending concerts, drama or movies and playing sports games. The homemakers who felt their amount of present leisure time was sufficient were 35.4% and insufficient were 37.9%. Regarding the present leisure activities, 43.1% of homemakers expressed dissatisfaction, though 21.9% of them satisfied. Factors affecting the homemakers weekday leisure time were homemakers' occupation, family type, type of heating form house and cooking, weekday and weekend housework time of homemakers. Weekend leisure time interacted with family life cycle, number of children, income, education and occupation of homemakers, size of house, type of heating for house and cooking, weekday housework time of homemakers. housework time of employed housekeeper, husbands' weekend housework time, weekday leisure time of homemakers.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.27-52
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• 2014

This study aims to investigate the financial soundness of Korean households and its effects on the retirement preparation of these households. The sample consisted of 1,031 households selected from the 4th Korean Retirement and Income Study (KReIS) by the National Pension Research Institute in 2012. The empirical results are as follows. According to the logistic regression model, the statistically significant factors affecting the retirement preparation of Korean households are gender, occupation type, residence, satisfaction with economic condition, and type of financial soundness-sound households or insolvency-risky households. In other words, more female-headed households and households with higher levels of occupation are less likely to prepare for retirement. The households that are more likely to prepare for retirement are those that are lived in metropolitan areas as opposed to the countryside; further, households that are more economically sound are also more likely to prepare for retirement. In particular, sound households and insolvency-risky households are less likely to prepare for retirement compared to liquidity-risky households.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.153-174
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to examine the leisure activities of housewives, to identify the factors that influence leisure activities, and to explore the factors contribute to their life satisfaction. So, this study analyses the effects of econo-demographic and socio-cultural variables and of leisure constraint factors on the leisure activities of housewives. And it deals with how these variables and the leisure activities influence life satisfaction of housewives. For these puoposes, 508 housewives residing in Seoul & Daegu were selected for interviews. For data analysis such statistical methods as ANOVA, t-test, Pearson's correlation, adn Multiple Regression Analysis can be summarised. The main findings of the research are as follows: 1. Leisure acivities are classified in Self-developmental, Home-oriented, Time-consuming, Social and Children-concerned types by the technique of factor analysis. The average particiation level was high in Time-consuming type, but low in Self-developmental type. 2. The participation level of leisure activities shows significant differences by selected variables: The Self-developmental type shows significant differences by housewife's education level, income, husband's occupation, role orientation, home management type and leisure constraints. And Children-concerned type was differed to number of family nember, number of children, age of housewife and age of housewife and age of the youngst child. 3. The preference level of leisure activities differ by housewife's education level, income, husband's occupation, home management type and leisure constraints in the Self-developmental and the Social type. And the preference level of Home-oriented leisure activities was high in the middle class of income and husband's occupation. 4. The preference and participation level of leisure activities show differences. And the variables affecting the differences were housewife's age, education level, home management type, role orientation, leisure constraint factors in the Self-developmental type, and were demographic variables such as number of family member, housewife's age in the Home-oriented type. 5. The variables which affected the level of life satisfaction independently were leisure space, income, the participation level of the Self-developmental and the Social type and the preference level of the Self-developmental type.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.149-156
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• 1995

This study was performed for 182 rural persons of patients who had admitted at National Masan Tuberculosis Hospital from 21th Feb to 18th Aug, 1994. We investigated diseased history based on the data according to the kind of occupation. The results were summarized as follows : The most common occupation was no occupation(35.2%). The most common age group was 5th decade(25.3%). By the age, the most common group in cases of no occupation was over 7th decade and under 5th decade, and agriculture was over 7th decade and 6th decade. Male(83.5%) were more than female, but wasn't significantly different. The most common group in the level of education was over the graduate of high school. The group that have ever drunken(p<0.05) and smoked(p<0.01) was significantly different in labour, service, agriculture, others. Family history, combined disease, symptom were no significantly different by occupation. Both lung fields on the chest X-ray was the most common site of invasion(82.4%). In the tests of AFB smear and culture, the differences according to the occupation were not. At the time of admission, the most common group in the state of treatment was initial treatment. The multi-drug resistance tuberculosis was no significantly different by occupation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.221-235
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• 2013

By identifying the effects of support from spouse and family on the mental health of marriage immigrant women, this study was proposed in obtaining basic data for a mental health intervention program. This study is a descriptive correlation study conducted on 129 marriage immigrant women as subjects. The result of the study showed differences in the following: for anxiety, depending on their country of origin, length of marriage, family structure, marriage structure, visit back home, and Korean language skill; for depression, depending on their spouse's education level, providing financial support for family back home, and Korean language skill; for somatization disorder, depending on their spouses' education level, area of residence, and occupation. Also, anxiety and depression showed a negative correlation with support from spouse and family, and somatization disorder showed a negative correlation with support from family. The main variable for mental health was support from family; for anxiety, the main variables were country of origin, length of marriage, and marriage structure; for somatization disorder, the main variables were spouse's education level, area or residence, and occupation. Based on the results of this study, a variety of mental health programs helpful for immigrant women in adapting to their multi-faceted and complex life in a different culture and nursing interventions for improving support from family would need to be developed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among family support, self-care and quality of life(QOL) in Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma receiving transarterial chemoembolization, including the effects of these variables on QOL. Methods: The research was a cross-sectional, descriptive design. Participants were 103 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who were receiving transarterial chemoembolization. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one way ANOVA, and hierachial multiple regression analysis with SPSS 18.0 program. Results: QOL had a significant correlation with family support(r=.60, p<.001) and self-care(r=.38, p<.001). Family support had a significant correlation with self-care(r=.41, p<.001). Hierarchial multiple regression analysis for QOL revealed that the most powerful predictor was family support followed by self-care. Family support, self-care, gender, and occupation explained 50% of the variance in quality of life. Conclusion: These results indicate that various factors are related to the quality of life of these patients. Further, nursing strategies to improve the family support and self-care of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are needed.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.220-230
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• 2004

Purpose: The study has planned to find out the perceived social support of the families with pneumoconiosis patients. Method: The subjects of the study were the 300 family care givers of the pneumoconiosis patients who were hospitalized in Taeback, Donghae and Jeongsun Occupational Medical Center. The Social Support Survey Instrument developed by Park(1985) was adopted. Results: The Direct Perceived Supports showed statistically differences by the age(F=1.70 p=0.01) and the state of the disease(F=3.09 p=0.027) of the patients. The Health Situation Centered Support was different by the marietal situation(F=2.29 p=0.48) of the pneumoconiosis patients. The Indirect Perceived Supports were statistically different by sex(t=3.76 p=0.043) and relation with the patient (F=2.49 p=0.048), group joining(t=3.79 p=0.042) of the family care givers. The DPSs were statistically different by family income(F=2.25 p=0.025), family authority(F=2.81 p=0.031) and health insurance status(F=2.13 p=0.026). Recommendation: It is recommended to develop an active social support program at the pneumoconiosis care centers for the middle aged female family care givers of the pneumoconiosis patients with the support of Ministry of Labor, Ministry of Health and Welfare and other NGOs of pneumoconiosis.