• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.228-232
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• 2019

Background: The epidemiology of nasal fractures varies according to factors such as the era and area of the study, as well as the age of the patient. We compared the characteristics and causes of pediatric nasal fractures. Methods: A total of 2,321 patients with nasal fractures from 2010 to 2017 were examined. The patients were divided into age groups using the Korean school system of age classification. The causes of injury were divided into five groups: violence, fall or slip down, sports, road traffic accidents, and others. Fractures were classified using the Stranc and Robertson standard: vector of force and plane of fracture. Results: Violence was the most common cause of nasal fracture in patients older than 12 years. Violence was a significantly less frequent cause among patients younger than 12 years old than among adolescent and adult patients. Nasal fractures due to violence were not observed in patients younger than 10 years. Plane 2 and lateral force fractures were the most common; however, in patients younger than 12 years, frontal force fractures were significantly more frequent than were lateral force fractures. Conclusion: As children may simply be injured due to a fall or slip down, it is important for the parents and guardians to ensure their safety. As they become older, children should abstain from violence and be monitored. It is therefore very important to ensure that the environment is free of violence in order to prevent such injuries.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2013

The statistics of recent accidents in warehouses show that a heavy toll of lives were produced by various accidents, e.g. collision, overturn, fall, slip, exposure to harmful substances or environments, etc. Of significant concern amongst them is the collision, especially the collision between forklift and storage rack structure. Accordingly, this study focuses on behavioral characteristics of rack structure subjected to dynamic impact loading of a forklift. For this purpose, time-domain response analysis has been performed on a standard 2-bay six-story rack structure consisting of columns, beams and bracing members with perforated open section. In order to investigate the most critical scenario, the impact loads are applied in both down-aisle and cross-aisle directions, and the impact locations are also varied along the shelves of the palettes. In order to deal with storage distributions, three types of rack structures are further taken into account: original empty rack structure with no storage, half-loaded rack structure and fully-loaded rack structure. The numerical simulation results demonstrate that the dynamic characteristics of the rack structure are significantly dependent on the distribution of the storage goods and its natural period varies from 0.24sec to 1.06sec, approximately 4.4 times. Further, the parametric studies show that the forklift impact is most critical to the safety of the rack structure when it collides either at the base or at the top of the rack structure.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.857-868
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• 2017

The basic safety training for fisheries is being conducted to cope with an emergency situation and prevent the maritime accidents. A new joined person must be educated the safety training and a refresher must be completed the refresher training course every 5 year in according to the STCW-F and seafarers' Act. In order to achieve the objectives of marine safety training, it is necessary to distinguish the trainees by ship's type and the courses should be implemented in consideration of safety equipment of fishing vessels. However, since the classification criteria of seafarers' Act are unclear, the officer of fishing vessels which is over G/T 25 tons has been trained through the same course and curriculum for merchant ship's seafarers. About 80 % of domestically registered fishing vessels are small size ships(less than 100 tons) and there is not many safety equipment required by law. In case of marine accidents such as collision, the small vessel losses its buoyancy and stability caused by damage of hull. despite fisheries fall into the sea during fishing work in bad weather on the deck, there was no safety equipment by law. So fisheries must be trained by a safety training course suitable for fishing vessel. The purpose of this study is to develope the suitable course for fisheries by analysis current curriculum and rules. so suggested the basic safety training course for fisheries and institutional improvement.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.710-716
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• 2017

Objective : Among pediatric injury, brain injury is a leading cause of death and disability. To improve outcomes, many developed countries built neurotrauma databank (NTDB) system but there was not established nationwide coverage NTDB until 2009 and there have been few studies on pediatric traumatic head injury (THI) patients in Korea. Therefore, we analyzed epidemiology and outcome from the big data of pediatric THI. Methods : We collected data on pediatric patients from 23 university hospitals including 9 regional trauma centers from 2010 to 2014 and analyzed their clinical factors (sex, age, initial Glasgow coma scale, cause and mechanism of head injury, presence of surgery). Results : Among all the 2617 THI patients, total number of pediatric patients was 256. The average age of the subjects was 9.07 (standard deviation${\pm}6.3$) years old. The male-to female ratio was 1.87 to 1 and male dominance increases with age. The most common cause for trauma were falls and traffic accidents. Age (p=0.007), surgery (p<0.001), mechanism of trauma (p=0.016), subdural hemorrhage (SDH) (p<0.001), diffuse axonal injury (DAI) (p<0.001) were statistically significant associated with severe brain injury. Conclusion : Falls were the most common cause of trauma, and age, surgery, mechanism of trauma, SDH, DAI increased with injury severity. There is a critical need for effective fall and traffic accidents prevention strategies for children, and we should give attention to these predicting factors for more effective care.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 1991

The history of occupational health in Korea s covered the era of the Republic of Korea after the Liberation from the Japanese colonialism. But the number of Korean workers exceeded about 2 millions at the times of liberation in 1945, so that it is expected that many occupational health problems inflicted Korean workers under the Japanese colonialism. The authors reviewed medical literatures, administrative documents, and other available data which were published under the colonial state, and collected things which had reference to the health status of Korean workers. The results were as follows : 1. Nutritional status of Korean workers was supposed to be inferior to that of general population, some students, and poor inhabitants in a remote mountain villages. 2. It was supposed that the constitution of Korean workers was near lower limit of average build of contemporary Koreans. 3. The accidents rate in mines was significantly high but decreasing year after year, and the most important cause of accidents was the fall of roof in the mine. The medical facilities and equipments for miners were supposed to be not sufficient in the mines and workshops. 4. Some occupational disease including silicosis, noise-induced hearing impairment, and decompression disease were known. But, overall incidence or prevalence of these diseases could not be identified. 5. On the whole, the fatalities of acute infectious diseases of Korean workers were higher than those of Japanese inhabitants in Korea and Korean inhabitants. The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis of Korean workers was increasing with every passing year. 6. The medical personnels and facilities were so deficient that most Korean workers were out of adequate medical use. We discussed only a part of the health status of Korean workers under the Japanese colonialism, so it would be necessary to have a better grasp of details of occupational health policy and health status in the era of afflicting.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2019

산업 재해의 주요 원인에는 추락사고, 가스 누출 등이 있다. 기존의 안전모와 스마트 디바이스 결합 제품들은 편의성에 초점을 맞춰져 있어 위와 같은 사고를 예방하기 위한 기능이 미흡하다. 본 논문에서는 추락사고 인지와 가스 누출 감지 기능에 중점을 둔 스마트 안전모 개발을 다루었다. 또한 효율적으로 근로자를 관리할 수 있는 관리 시스템을 개발하였다. 이 시스템의 핵심 기능은 근로자의 위험 상태를 감지하여 관리자에게 전달하고 근로자의 상태를 확인하는 것이다. 실험을 통해 가연성 가스 측정 능력의 효용성을 검증하였다. 하지만 보드와 센서의 지속적인 동작으로 인해 상당한 전력 소모가 발견됨에 따라 대용량 배터리로 교체하는 등의 대응 방안이 요구된다는 점도 발견하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.479-489
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• 2017

본 연구는 2014년 노인실태조사를 이용하여 노인의 낙상에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하기 위해 실시된 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상자는 2014년 노인실태조사에 참여한 노인 중 주요 변수에 결측치가 없는 10,272명의 노인이다. 인구사회학적 특성, 건강관련 특성(주관적 건강상태, 만성질환 수, 복용 중인 약물의 수, 운동 일수, 시력 이상, 근력 상태, ADL, IADL, 인지기능, 낙상에 대한 두려움)을 조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS ver. 23.0의 복합표본분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 노인의 낙상은 인구사회학적 특성, 건강 관련 특성에 따라 차이가 있었다(p<.001). 다중로지스틱회귀분석 결과, 연령(OR=1.262, 95%CI 1.111-1.433), 교육수준(OR=0.846, 95%CI 0.764-0.937), 주관적 건강상태(OR=1.172, 95% CI 1.041-1.320; OR=1.422, 95%CI 1.289-1.570), 만성질환 수(OR=1.438, 95%CI 1.050-1.968), 복용 중인 약물의 수(OR=0.798, 95%CI 0.659-0.967), 하지근력상태(OR=1.260, 95%CI 1.101-1.441) 및 낙상에 대한 두려움(OR=3.576, 95%CI 3.166-4.039; OR=14.236, 95%CI 12.637-16.038)이 노인의 낙상에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인으로 확인되었다(p<.05). 따라서 다양한 대상자의 특성을 고려한 낙상 예방 프로그램을 개발하여 집중적인 관리가 필요하다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.77-90
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• 2009

Civil complaints and lawsuits filed in the process of providing emergency medical service include fall accident on the way of carrying the patient, transfer consent, refusal and rejection of rescue request, range and behavior restriction of emergency medical technicians, false registry of logbook, neglect of duty and emergency patient, and violation of traffic laws on the way of dispatch to the scene of accident. This study suggested the measures by cases as follows. 1. The accidents on the way of carrying a patient could be divided into fall of patient and fall by paramedic's mistake. In the former case, damages caused by the ambulance's shaking must be notified to the patient and guardian and recommended to fasten seat belt, in the latter case, the plan of patient's posture, route of transport, rescue and equipments should be comfirmed before fixing the patient. 2. Transfer consent must be made as implied when the patient is unconscious under delusion and was not able to consent physically, and paramedic must take an action by his judgment and record details of services on logbook. 3. When a patient refused to transfer, get 'confirmation of transfer refusal' and inform him of refusal. Paramedic should receive the signature. In addition, in case of refusal, transfer request should be made after hearing doctor's opinion and it should be notified to transfer request and superintendent of fire station after making 'confirmation of transfer refusal'. 4. Emergency medical technicians should perform their duties within the range of services prescribed by Article 41 of Law of Emergency Medical Service and Article 33 of Its Enforcement Regulations and shall not make announcement of death. In case of reporting the death to guardian, it is desirable to use record data like ECG results. 5. The best way to have protection from legal problems is making and keeping the exact records of accident and patient. Paramedic should not mention his subjective opinion about the accident-related matter. He must record correctly and keep the original medical records. 6. As emergency medical technicians are responsible for taking care of emergency patients, they must contact a briefing room when they meet a difficult situation suddenly due to vehicle stop or treatment of other patients and then must have support from neighboring hospital and other safety centers. 7. Since the ambulance operator is responsible for safety and careful driving of ambulance, he must be careful when he violates traffic regulations unavoidably. The operator should drive slowly below 10km/h at an intersection and pass it after getting way from general vehicles driving from all directions.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.526-532
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• 2023

낙상사고는 세계적으로 매년 42만 건 이상 발생하는 치명적인 사고이다. 따라서, 낙상 환자를 연구하고자 낙상환자의 손상외인코드와 주진단 S코드의 연관성을 찾고, 낙상 환자의 주진단 S코드 데이터를 가지고 손상외인코드를 예측할 수 있는 예측모델을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서는 강원특별자치도 강릉시에 있는 A 기관의 2020~2021년 2년간의 데이터를 받아 낙상에 관련된 손상외인코드 W00~W19까지 데이터만 추출하고, 낙상 손상외인코드 중 예측모형을 개발할 정도의 주진단 S코드를 가지고 있는 W01, W10, W13, W18 데이터를 가지고 예측모형 개발하였다. 데이터 중 80%는 훈련용 데이터, 20%는 테스트용 데이터로 분류하였다. 모형 개발은 MLP(Multi-Layer Perceptron)을 이용하여 6개의 변수(성별, 나이, 주진단S코드, 수술유무, 입원유무, 음주유무)를 입력층에 64개의 노드를 가진 2개의 은닉층, 출력층은 softmax 활성화 함수를 이용하여 손상외인코드 W01, W10, W13, W18 총 4개의 노드를 가진 출력층으로 구성하여 개발하였다. 학습결과 첫 번째 학습했을 때 31.2%의 정확도를 가졌지만, 30번째는 87.5%의 정확도를 나타냈고 이를 통해 낙상환자의 낙상외인코드와 주진단 S코드의 연관성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.269-278
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 건설현장 중 아파트 건설현장에서 발생한 산업재해에 대해 분석하고 업무상 재해 유형에 따른 재해요인을 다중 상응 분석을 통해 연관성을 분석하였다. 국내에서 세 번째로 재해빈도가 높은 아파트 건설현장에 대한 재해 관련 연구가 부족하고 설문 조사 기법을 활용한 연구들이 대부분이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 산업재해원인조사 데이터에서 탐색적 데이터 분석을 진행하고 다중 상응 분석을 통해 각 재해요인 간의 연관성을 도출하였다. 연구의 결과를 두가지로 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 최근 아파트 시공이 초고층화 및 설계의 복잡화로 인해 고소작업이 많아짐에 따라 추락재해가 높은 빈도와 근로자의 사망률을 나타냈다. 또한, 사망은 경력이 매우 적은 작업자와 10년 이상의 경력을 가진 작업자가 대부분을 차지하고 있으며, 이는 안전교육 미실시, 경험 부족 그리고 근로자의 안전불감증으로 인해 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 다중 상응 분석 결과 대부분 발생하는 산업재해는 안전장비 착용, 올바른 작업절차 준수 및 관리·감독으로 충분히 예방할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 도출된 중점 재해요인은 아파트 건설현장의 안전교육과 감독·관리에서 사용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.