• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1995.11a
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• pp.364-366
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• 1995

We investigated the Electromigration characteristics in Cu alloyed Al line and the effect of Ti/TiN barrier layer on the characteristics. Test structures were fabricated by wafer level and 50% failure times were tested in the condition of j= 2 MA/$cm^3$, T= 300$^{\circ}C$. The reliability of Al line was improved which was 0.5%Cu Alloyed, but Ti/TiN under layer deteriorated the reliability while TiN over layer improved the characteristics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.509-514
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• 2002

This paper studies on the noise reduction for a small automobile DC Motor (a window motor) using the 6 sigma process. The application of 6 sigma process suggested reliable and valuable statistical data for the quality of the DC motor at the production line. In the measurement step in 6 sigma process, the FMEA(Failure Mode Effect Analysis) were used for the detection of noise sources. The application of 6 sigma process gave not only the improving method for the quality of the DC motor but also the confidence of improvement itself since it was done on the basis of the test results for a number of DC motors at the production line. Consequently the 6 sigma process was proved very effective for the noise reduction at the production line.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.880-887
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• 2005

This paper presents a fault diagnosis(detection and isolation) approach for the Ammunition Transport Automation system(ATAS). Due to limited time and information available during its cyclic operation, the on-line fault detection algorithm consists of sequential test logics referring to the normal states, which can be considered as a kind of expert system. If a failure were detected, the off-line isolation algorithm finds the fault location through trained ART2 neural network. By the results of simulations and some on-line field test, it has been shown that the presented approach is effective enough and applicable to related automation systems.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.6 s.171
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• pp.83-89
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• 2005

Most domestic fossil power plants have exceeded 100,000 hours of operation with the severe operating condition. Among the critical components of fossil power plant, high temperature steam pipe systems have had a many problems and damage from unstable displacement behavior because of frequent start up and shut down. In order to prevent the serious damage and failure of the critical pipe system in fossil power plants, 3-dimensional displacement measurement system was developed for the on-line monitoring. Displacement measurement system was developed with a use of a LVDT type sensor and two rotary encoder type sensors. This system was installed and operated on the real power plant successfully.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.353-362
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• 2022

The seismic failure-prone region in Istanbul has been examined in terms of the segmented pipelines. Although some researchers have suggested that this territory should be left as a green land, many people continue to live in this area. This region is about 9-10 km away from the North Anatolian Fault Line. This fault zone is an active right-lateral strike-slip fault line in Turkey and an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.0-7.5 is expected in the Marmara Sea. Therefore, superstructures and infrastructures are under both land sliding risks and seismic risks in this area. Because there are not any pipeline-fault line intersection points in the region, in this study, it has been focused on the behaviors of the segmented (sewage or stormwater) pipelines subject to earthquake-induced permanent ground deformation and seismic wave propagation. Based on the elastic beam theory some necessary analyses have been carried out and obtained results of this approximation have been examined.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.52-55
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• 2014

The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has continuously increased and CRC is a major cause of cancer-related death. Systemic chemotherapy has resulted in a significant improvement in overall survival in metastatic CRC. The development of biologic agents for the treatment of CRC has additionally expanded the options for the treatment. Cetuximab is useful in KRAS wild type tumors in combination with chemotherapy for metastatic disease in both the first and second line settings. It is also used as monotherapy after failure of both irinotecan and oxaliplatin containing regimens. Panitumumab has similar indications, and is primarily used in patients intolerant to cetuximab due to hypersensitivity reactions. Bevacizumab is primarily used as first line and second line therapy in metastatic CRC. However, the optimal way and duration to combine these chemotherapeutic agents are not yet established.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.652-654
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• 2006

Beau first described transverse depressions of the fingernails after an acute febrile illness in 1846. It was the result of the temporary arrest of nail matrix formation. The transient interference of nail growth rate is usually induced by disability caused by severe systemic disease. Such as Raynaud disease, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, acute renal failure, psoriasis and dysmenorrhea were reported to be the cause of Beau's line. The trauma caused either in a hand or in a forearm was also reported to be the cause of Beau's line. We experienced patients with Beau's line, two cases secondary to fingertip injury and one case due to fracture in radius. They had Beau's lines in all fingers of traumatized hand and nails of opposite hand were normal. During the follow-up, the growth rate of traumatized fingernails were normal and there was no complication.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-24
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• 2016

The original fracture criteria developed by Maxey/Kiefner for axial through-wall and surface-cracked pipes have worked well for many industries for a large variety of relatively low strength and toughness materials. However, newer line pipe steels have some unusual characteristics that differ from these older materials. One example is a test data that has demonstrated that X80 line-pipe with an axial through-wall-crack can fail at pressures about 30 percent lower than predicted with commonly used analysis methods for older steels. Thus, it is essential to review the currently available models and investigate the applicability of these models to newer high-strength line pipe materials. In this paper, the available models for predicting the failure behavior of axial-cracked pipes (through-wall-cracked and external surface-cracked pipes) were reviewed. Furthermore, the applicability of these models to high-strength steel pipes was investigated by analyzing limited full-scale pipe fracture initiation test results. Based on the analyzed results, the shortcomings of the available models were identified. For both through-wall and surface cracks, the major shortcomings were related to the characterization of the material toughness, which generally leads to non-conservative predictions in the J-T analyses. The findings in this paper may be limited to the test data that were consider for this study. The requisite characteristics of a potential model were also identified in the present paper.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.371-373
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• 2005

An enhancement for a transmission and substation equipment in power system make the system impedance to be lower. In principle, if the system impedance become low, system stability will be better, but the fault current become very higher. It is a very big problem for CB operating. As a fact of CB operating performance, high amplitude of the fault current may cause CB operation failure because of exceeding standard value in TRV. So we simulated TRV by using the EMTP. Generally there are two types of TRV in actual power system. One is short line fault, the other is bus terminal fault. In this paper, we simulated the TRv at short line fault as installed current limit reactors to reduce fault current in 345kV ultra-high voltage system. Short line fault is caused from single line fault in transmission line.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.123-130
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• 2009

The partial discharge (PD) measurement is a very effective method to assess the winding insulation condition of high-voltage machines, since most of the insulation failure processes are directly or indirectly caused by PD. On-line PD measurements, which can detect insulation defects of winding in the early stages on rotating machines in operation, have been accepted as the most important technique. The epoxy mica capacitive coupler is currently and extensively used for on-line detection of PD pulses of high-voltage rotating machines. To evaluate the feasibility of developing a capacitive coupler that is easier to manufacture at a lower cost compared to epoxy mica couplers, a 100pF capacitive coupler made of ceramic material is designed, fabricated and tested for on-line PD measurements of 23 kV electrical machines. A series of electrical tests and accelerated aging tests are performed on the ceramic coupler to evaluate the performance requirements, long-term reliability and thermal stability for in field application. The test results show that the newly developed ceramic coupler provides equal and improved performance at a lower cost compared to epoxy mica couplers, and estimated voltage life is anticipated to surpass 100 years.