• Hip & pelvis
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.193-199
• /
• 2023

Purpose: Cephalomedullary (CM) nailing is widely performed in treatment of elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures. However, in cases of fixation failure, re-operation is usually necessary, thus determining factors that may contribute to fixation failure is important. In this study, we examined factors affecting the occurrence of fixation failure, such as age or fracture stability, after CM nailing in elderly patients. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively using registered data. From April 2011 to December 2018, CM nailing was performed in 378 cases diagnosed with femoral intertrochanteric fractures, and 201 cases were finally registered. Cases involving patients who were bed-ridden before injury, who died from causes unrelated to surgery, and those with a follow-up period less than six months were excluded. Results: Fixation failure occurred in eight cases. Comparison of the surgical success and fixation failure group showed that the mean age was significantly higher in the fixation failure group compared with the control group (81.3±6.4 vs. 86.4±6.8; P=0.034). A significantly high proportion of unstable fractures was also observed (139/54 vs. 3/5; P=0.040), with a significantly high ratio of intramedullary reduction (176/17 vs. 5/3; P=0.034). A significantly higher ratio of unstable fractures compared with that of stable fractures was observed in the intramedullary reduction group (132/49 vs. 10/10; P=0.033). Conclusion: Fixation failure of CM nailing is likely to occur in patients who are elderly or have unstable fracture patterns. Thus, care should be taken in order to avoid intramedullary reduction.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.287-298
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence of early implant failure using a single implant system and to identify the factors contributing to early implant failure. Methods: Patients who received implant treatment with a single implant system ($Luna^{(R)}$, Shinhung, Seoul, Korea) at Dankook University Dental Hospital from 2015 to 2017 were enrolled. The following data were collected for analysis: sex and age of the patient, seniority of the surgeon, diameter and length of the implant, position in the dental arch, access approach for sinus-floor elevation, and type of guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedure. The effect of each predictor was evaluated using the crude hazard ratio and the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) in univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, respectively. Results: This study analyzed 1,031 implants in 409 patients, who comprised 169 females and 240 males with a median age of 54 years (interquartile range [IQR], 47-61 years) and were followed up for a median of 7.2 months (IQR, 5.6-9.9 months) after implant placement. Thirty-five implants were removed prior to final prosthesis delivery, and the cumulative survival rate in the early phase at the implant level was 95.6%. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that seniority of the surgeon (residents: aHR=2.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.37-5.94) and the jaw in which the implant was placed (mandible: aHR=2.31; 95% CI, 1.12-4.76) exerted statistically significant effects on early implant failure after adjusting for sex, age, dimensions of the implant, and type of GBR procedure (preoperative and/or simultaneous) (P<0.05). Conclusions: Prospective studies are warranted to further elucidate the factors contributing to early implant failure. In the meantime, surgeons should receive appropriate training and carefully select the bone bed in order to minimize the risk of early implant failure.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study compared and analyzed the risk factors that affect a wound healing group and healing failure group. Materials and Methods: From 2010 to 2018, 39 patients who had suffered a single toe amputation were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups (wound healing group and healing failure group - within at least 3 months following the amputation). Regarding the possible risk factors, age, gender, Wagner and Brodsky classifications, duration of diabetes mellitus, whether the patient had peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) or cardiovascular disease, body mass index, HbA1c, total cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), smoking, and alcohol were investigated. Results: The mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 140 months in the healing group and 227 months in the healing failure group, and the duration of diabetes was significantly longer in the failure group (p=0.009). A significant difference in eGFR was observed between the two groups ($59.17mL/min/1.73m^2$ in the healing group and $31.1mL/min/1.73m^2$ in the failure group) (p=0.022). Sixteen patients with PAOD were found, all 10 patients in the healing failure group were PAOD patients. Conclusion: To reduce the additional complications in single toe amputation patients, the underlying disease and appropriate treatment are the most important factors. In addition, a more proximal level of amputation also should be considered in cases of patients with PAOD, high BUN and low eGFR, and patients with long-term diabetes.

• 융합보안논문지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.143-155
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 경호원의 실패요인을 규명하기 위하여 실패귀인을 추출하고, 사례통합분석을 통하여 위해패턴 요인을 도출하였다. 실패귀인은 완전 개방형 질문지(8명)를 시작으로 반구조화 질문지(17명), 폐쇄형 설문지(179명)를 제작하여 SPSS 21.0, AMOS 21.O 통계패키지를 통하여 자료를 처리하였다. 실패귀인과 실패사례 간의 인과관계(경호 실패패턴 요인)를 분석한 결과, 박정희 암살사건에서 불성실(2), 부정적 마인드(1), 업무능력부족(1), 경험부족(2), 조직의 비체계성(2), 사명의식결여(1), 개인주의(1), 업무공유실패(2), 사명의식결여(2) 등 14개의 실패 패턴이 발견되었고, 아웅산 묘소 폭발사건은 불성실(1), 부정적 마인드(1), 업무능력부족(2), 경험부족(2), 개인주의(1), 업무공유실패(1) 등 8개의 실패패턴이 있는 것으로 조사되었으며, 육영수여사 저격사건의 경우, 불성실(2), 부정적 마인드(1), 경험부족(2), 사명의식결여(2), 업무공유실패(1) 등 8개 실패패턴이 있는 것으로 조사 되었다. 3개 사례와 실패귀인 요인간의 관계에서 총 30건의 실패패턴이 발견되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제46권3호
• /
• pp.162-173
• /
• 2020

Dental implants are the first option for replacement of missing teeth. Failure usually involves additional cost and procedures. As a result, the physician should limit the risk factors associated with implant failures. Implant site is one of many factors that can influence the success or failure of dental implants. The association between early implant failure (EIF) and implant site has yet to be documented. This review aims to estimate the impact of insertion site on the percentage of EIFs. An electronic and manual search of studies that reported early failure of dental implants based on collection site. A total of 21 studies were included in the review and examined for the association between EIF and alveolar site. Subgroup analysis, including a comparison between implants inserted in four alveolar ridge regions of both jaws was performed. The early failure rate was higher for maxillary implants (3.14%) compared to mandibular implants (1.96%). Applying a random effect, risk ratio (RR), and confidence interval (CI) of 95% revealed higher failure in the maxilla compared to the mandible (RR 1.41; 95% CI [1.19, 1.67]; P<0.0001; I²=58%). The anterior maxilla is more critical for early implant loss than other alveolar bone sites. Implants in the anterior mandible exhibited the best success rate compared of the sites.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.78-88
• /
• 2012

국내의 건설실패 관련 연구는 체계화된 실패정보 분류체계 및 실패정보의 활용을 위한 방안을 제시하는 것에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 그러나, 건설현장의 한정된 관리자가 건설실패를 유발하는 다양한 원인에 대한 예방대책을 수립하는 것은 한계가 있다. 따라서, 효율적인 건설실패 예방활동이 이루지기 위해서는 많은 실패원인에 대한 정량적 평가를 통해 우선순위를 정하여 효율적인 예방대책이 수립되어야 한다. 이에 본 연구는 정량적인 평가를 통해 실패를 유발하는 핵심관리요인을 도출 할 수 있도록 FMEA(Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) 기법을 활용한 건설실패 핵심관리요인 선정방법을 제시하고, 공동주택 골조공사를 대상으로 핵심관리요인을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 FMEA 기법의 위험도를 실패 위험성과 예방성으로 구분하여 평가할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 핵심관리요인 평가방법은 건설실패의 사전예방대책을 효율적으로 수립하는데 활용될 수 있으며, 향후 유사한 연구를 통해 프로젝트 수행 단계별 혹은 다양한 시설 및 공종에 대한 핵심관리요인을 도출하는데 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제88권2호
• /
• pp.240-248
• /
• 1999

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 집중호우로 인하여 임도재해가 발생된 강원도(江原道) 춘천지역(春川地域)의 5개 임도(林道)를 대상으로 임도구조요인 4항목과 입지요인 4항목을 이용하여 수량화(數量化)II류(類)에 의한 임도성토사면(林道盛土斜面)의 붕괴요인(崩壞要因) 평가(評價) 및 예측(豫測)을 실시하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 임도구조요인(林道構造要因)인 종단(縱斷)물매는 $2^{\circ}$ 이하 및 $4^{\circ}$ 이상, 유하거리(流下距離)는 80m 이상, 성토사면(盛土斜面)길이는 6m 이상, 성토사면경사(盛土斜面傾斜)는 $35^{\circ}$ 이상에서 성토사면의 붕괴위험도가 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 임도입지요인(林道立地要因)인 임도노선위치(林道路線位置)는 능선부, 사면구성물질(斜面構成物質)은 풍화암과 연암, 산지경사(山地傾斜)는 $35{\sim}45^{\circ}$, 사면종단면형(斜面縱斷面形)은 철(凸)형과 요(凹)형 사면에서 붕괴위험도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 사면붕괴에 영향을 미치는 인자는 성토사면길이, 사면구성물질, 임도노선위치 등의 순으로 나타났으며, 판별적중율(判別的中率)은 86.5%로서 높은 적중률을 나타냈다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 2014

Purpose: To find the applicability of adjuvant radiotherapy for extrahepatic bile duct cancer (EBDC), we analyzed the pattern of failure and evaluate prognostic factors of locoregional failure after curative resection without adjuvant treatment. Materials and Methods: In 97 patients with resected EBDC, the location of tumor was classified as proximal (n = 26) and distal (n = 71), using the junction of the cystic duct and common hepatic duct as the dividing point. Locoregional failure sites were categorized as follows: the hepatoduodenal ligament and tumor bed, the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery, and other sites. Results: The median follow-up time was 29 months for surviving patients. Three-year locoregional progression-free survival, progression-free survival, and overall survival rates were 50%, 42%, and 52%, respectively. Regarding initial failures, 79% and 81% were locoregional failures in proximal and distal EBDC patients, respectively. The most common site was the hepatoduodenal ligament and tumor bed. In the multivariate analysis, perineural invasion was associated with poor locoregional progression-free survival (p = 0.023) and progression-free survival (p = 0.012); and elevated postoperative CA19-9 (${\geq}37U/mL$) did with poor locoregional progression-free survival (p = 0.002), progression-free survival (p < 0.001) and overall survival (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Both proximal and distal EBDC showed remarkable proportion of locoregional failure. Perineural invasion and elevated postoperative CA19-9 were risk factors of locoregional failure. In these patients with high risk of locoregional failure, adjuvant radiotherapy could be considered to improve locoregional control.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.185-193
• /
• 2011

The successful and sustainable growth of SMEs depends on their ability of strengthen their competitiveness in quality and cost and service more than anything else as a fundamental of operation. Among these key competitive factors of SMEs, quality is the most critical factor in manufacturing business fields. There are many different ways to improve the quality performance but it needs proper management decision to choose the best way what can maximize outputs with minimum inputs. And it needs effective measurement methods and some indicators to analysis the quality performance properly. The quality cost is one of the simplest key indicators to measure the quality performance and the effectiveness of quality related management decisions. In this study, through survey on local SMEs, we found that their average annual quality cost ratio versus turnover - total amount of annual quality cost divided by annual turnover - is around 3.69% excluded some SME's performances what have different quality control measures with others. And we found some results what corresponded with the early studies on the correlations between those categorized quality costs factors and some discrepancies between some of the literature model and the early case study results as follows. There were negative correlations between the Prevention costs and the External failure costs, and the Appraisal costs and the External failure costs, and there was positive correlation between the Appraisal costs and Internal failure costs same as early studies. But, we couldn't found any strong negative correlations between the Cost of control - Prevention costs & Appraisal costs - and the Cost of Failure of control - Internal & External failure costs -.

• 공학교육연구
• /
• 제17권6호
• /
• pp.12-19
• /
• 2014

Failure is an important part of engineering practice. Engineers utilize all of their competences and resources in order for their products or processes to meet the initial intention and purpose, and not to fail. However, the technological products sometimes end up with failure. The failure, in many cases, is related to non-technological factors or systems, not just limited to technological factors. Moreover, the evaluation of failure is performed by a variety of agents, including consumers, civic groups, government as well as professional groups. Thus, this study raises an issue that the existing concept of failure, which focuses on the operation of function, is not sufficient enough to properly cover the success or failure of technology required by the modern society. In the recent trends of engineering, new concepts and methods have been developed by expanding the traditional concept or introducing a new perspective of failure, so that engineering failure can be better understood in the mutual relationship between technology and society. This research attempts to suggest a methodology of how the failure of engineering can be utilized and properly combined in the major education, design education and engineering ethics education. Also, it aims to contribute to the quality improvement of engineering education to train engineers who can lead the society with responsibility as well as professional competence.