• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2023

Background: Free tissue transfer is the preferred method of reconstructing head and neck defects, with a success rate of approximately 95%. Although flap failure is uncommon, it has a major impact on patient morbidity and diminishes quality of life, making it is important to investigate the causes of flap failure. Methods: This retrospective chart review analyzed patients who underwent free tissue transfer during head and neck reconstruction at a single institution between 2016 and 2021. Results: During the study period, 58 patients underwent 60 free flap procedures. Revision surgery was needed in 14 patients. Subsequent free flap surgery was performed in one patient, and three free flaps (5%) could not be salvaged. Cardiovascular disease was significantly associated with flap failure, and venous congestion (thrombosis) was the most common reason for revision surgery. Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease clearly emerged as a factor related to the failure of free flap surgery, and this issue warrants particular attention in patients for whom free tissue transfer is planned.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 말뚝기초위원회 워크샵
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• pp.141-154
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• 1999

Under the compressible circumstance of a soil deposit, the soil move downward relative to the pile. The down drag force requires higher point bearing and causes failure of a pile from time to time. In this paper the mechanism of negative skin friction on a pile, design and reduction of the negative friction is reviewed.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.237-242
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• 1997

작약(芍藥) 분주묘(分株苗)의 활착불량(活着不良) 실태(實態)와 원인(原因)을 구명하기 위하여 시험 연구한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 작약 분주묘의 농가 포장 활착 실태 조사 결과 활착불량 피해율은 32%에 이르고 외형적 피해 실태는 무출현(無出現) 5.6%, 출현후(出現後) 고사(桔死) 20.7%, 출현후(出現後) 위조가 5.7%였다. 2. 활착불량 피해 정도별 농가 실태는 71%이상 피해를 본 필지가 4%, $70{\sim}41%$ 피해는 13%, $40{\sim}11%$ 피해는 45%로 많은 면적이 활착불량으로 인하여 결주가 된 것으로 나타났다. 3. 농가포장에서 정식시기에 따른 활착불량(活着不良) 피해율(被害率)은 가을 정식의 경우 18.2%인데 비하여 봄정식은 42.9%로 매우 높았고 실생묘(實生苗)보다는 분주묘(分株苗)에서 피해가 더 많았다. 4. 분주후 정식까지의 경과 일수가 길수록 생육과 수량이 크게 떨어졌고 봄정식시는 활착율이 66.7%로서 매우 낮았으며 종근소독과 토양살충제 혼용처리시 생육과 활착이 양호하였으나 무처리는 불량하였다. 5. 작약 분주묘의 활착불량(活着不良) 주원인(主原因)은 뿌리썩음병(Cylindrocarpon sp.)과 불량종(不良種) 묘(苗)로 나타났다.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2015

창업이 장려되고 있지만, 창업자에게는 항상 큰 걱정거리로 작용되는데 이는 높은 실패가능성 때문이다. 중소벤처기업 창업이 국가의 새로운 원동력을 창출하는 방법이라는데 동의하지만 실패로 인한 사회적, 경제적 비용은 엄청나며, 창업자 개인이 느끼게 될 좌절감은 말 할 수 없는 충격일 것이다. 다양한 창업관련 교육과 연구가 이루어지고 있지만, 실패에 대한 경각심을 주는 교육과 연구는 거의 없다. 좀 더 다양한 실패사례에 대한 연구가 필요하며, 실패사례는 창업자와 예비창업자들에게 실패에 대한 경각심을 심어주며, 사전준비를 철저히 하게 할 뿐만 아니라 기업의 위기 상황에 대한 시나리오로써 가치가 있을 것이다. 이에 본 연구는 대덕연구단지내에서 약 10년간 활동한 중소벤처기업의 사례를 통해 실패요인 도출 및 시사점을 구하고자 한다. 연구결과, 기업가 특성(의사소통 능력 부족, 경영에 대한 지식 부족)과 경영관리(업무 전문성 부족), 그리고 기술(제품의 독특성 상실, 제품의 확장성 부족)이 실패요인의 근원인 것으로 나타났다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 1998

Condition monitoring technology was applied for an air compressor lubricating system to achieve a proactive maintenance, which could prevent a catastrophic failure and detect root causes of the conditional failure of the system. For this work, various types of wear monitoring technology were used and compared with the results of vibration and temperature measurements. The Results generally showed that every technology has a limitation to failure detection, and integrated-based condition monitoring should be performed for the best results. In this work, an idea for the implementing integrated wear monitoring was suggested and demonstrated.

• 한국산업경영시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산업경영시스템학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.37-44
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• 2002

In order to review the failure rate of PC monitor under normal environmental conditions, we experimented for various levels of each factors, e.g Power on/off, DPM mode, using voltage, Incoming Surge, Torque strength etc. According to the results of experiment and SN ratios we investigated that the causes of the failure for the horizontal output TR of monitor are Mode change, dispersion of Torque and $h_{FE}$ and these are critical effect. For the new reliability test we suggested that strengthened part tests In IQC branch, Torque change controls in the TR specification are necessary.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제24권2_4호
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• pp.1093-1102
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• 2003

Congestive heart failure is a cardiac dysfunction that can't supply sufficient amount of blood. The disorder usually causes hypertension, ischemic cardiac disease and give rise to pulmonary congestion and pulmonary epileptic edema. The symptoms of the disease are dyspnea, palpitation, edema, etc. We treated a 82 year-old female patient who had severe dyspnea, nausea, and dizziness. At the point of differentiation of syndromes(辨證), the case was diagnosed as Su-Cheon(水喘) induced by Yang-deficiency of Both Spleen and Kidney(脾腎陽虛) and was administered Yerunpang(胃?湯). After two weeks of the treatment, we witnessed improvement in the symptoms of CHF and general depressed condition. This report describes the process and contents about the way the patient was treated.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.3-11
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• 1984

Prosthetic valve replacement has resulted in marked improvement in the functional status of many patients with valvular heart disease. But valve failure from various causes has necessitated re-replacement of prosthetic valve in some of these patients. This selective group of patients has many inherent problems. This report presents our experience with seven patients who received re-replacement of prosthetic valve in the Seoul National University Hospital from 1981, to 1983. The patients included one woman and six men in the range of 9 and 49 years old. As the first valve operations, there were five MVR using tissue valves, one DVR [Bjork-Shiley and Ionescu-Shiley valve] and one case of modified Bentall operation with composite graft [Ionescu-Shiley valve]. Reoperations on prosthetic valve failure were performed 17 to 54 months after the first operation [mean 34 months]. Amon8 seven patients, there were two cases of prosthetic valve endocarditis and five cases of primary tissue failure. Gross calcification of the xenograft was found in two children with Ionescu-Shiley valve. All except one had relatively successful operative results. The unsuccessful one died intraoperatively from low output syndrome.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.144-169
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• 2010

In 2002, property loss caused by failure or leakage of existing river levee structures was about 1.8 trillion in Korean Won, and furthermore in which damages of river structures are getting more severe due to characteristics of extremely extraordinary rain such as torrential rain in the locality or guerrilla heavy rain. In this regards, this paper collects and analyzes those damage records and costs for repair by statistic method, and moreover categorizes the causes of failure, erosion and overtopping of levee structures in large and small scale rivers threatened frequently by typhoon and heavy rainfall. It is believed that the results from the analyses can be used as a basic source in developing criteria of standards for design, construction, maintenance and inspection(or diagnosis) of hydraulic structures such as levee and drain conduit.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.66-74
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• 1996

There continues to be increasing the number of patients being treated for renal failure day by day due to lot of causes. It is prerequsite for the physician to have a proper understanding of drug use in patients with renal failure since kidney is the major route of elimination for many kinds of drugs and their metabolites. In order to provide practical guidelines for prescribing antibiotics, the literature has been reviewed, and summarized. The tables presented here are made by Dr. William M Bennett et al. and listed the specific pharmacokinetic information such as drug half life, serum levels, and drug removal during dialysis, plasma protein binding, volume of distribution.