• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.225-250
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the movement of customer satisfaction factor of port like marketing and customer support factors and set up new strategy for customer satisfaction with the factors of control by Port Authority. It was researched to Terminal operation and shipping companies of main clients of Container Terminals of Busan Port. The Score of customer satisfaction is 4.62, it is almost average score to consider Likert Scale 7 for Research measurement. For Customer satisfaction measurement score, the factor is named Port Facility, Port Cost, Marketing Activity and Customer Support with 20 elements. It is verified suitable model by Structural Equation Method. It is effect customer satisfaction by Marketing Activity and Customer Support factor instead of Port Facility and Port Cost. So Port Authority has to plan new strategy for customer satisfaction to consider its effect factors.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.65-94
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the brand loyalty formation by positive labeling. Affecting such factors as involvement, self-image, community engagement, preference, and choice cutback, positive labeling can be seen as one of psychological factors that shapes consumer's behavior and their decision. This study was carried out because little research was done to examine the influence of positive labeling toward brand loyalty, and also to find out the benefits that consumers can get from being labeled in positive terms. Data were collected through survey questionnaire and 151 usable responses were used. Following a series of pretests and confirmatory factor analysis helped to purify measures and verify the psychometric properties of the scale. Structural equation modeling with AMOS was used for testing of research hypotheses. The result of data analysis demonstrated the positive relationship between labeling and brand loyalty, i.e. positive labeling indirectly leads to consumers' loyalty toward a brand. Findings revealed significant relationship between involvement and emotional attachment, as well as the relationship between community engagement and choice cutback. The results gave support for the hypothesis of moderating effect of buzz on the relationship between involvement and emotional attachment, even though the hypothesis of moderating effect of distinction was rejected. Taking Apple's rivalry strategy as initial point, this study highlights the role of labeling in creating social identity. The study attempts to show the positive consequences of labeling strategy for firms that seeks ways of good competition without engaging into conflicts.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.722-732
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• 2013

The purposes of this study were to investigate the needs for eco t-shirts of the new elderly consumers and to suggest strategies for eco t-shirts product development and marketing. Quantitative research was employed for research method. The data was collected from men and women in their age of 50-65, who lived in Busan, Ulsan, and Kyungnam province, during October, 2011. Respondents were selected by convenience sampling. A total of 307 responses among 350 were analyzed. Factor analysis, frequency analysis, t-test, chi-square, and regression were used for analysis. SPSS 20.0 was used for data analysis. Characteristics of the new elderly (lifestyle and environmental concern), consumption status of eco t-shirts (possession status and reasons of purchase/non-purchase), purchase intention for eco tshirts, consumer needs for t-shirts (usage situation, benefits sought, and dissatisfaction with t-shirts), preference for eco t-shirts (color, pattern, material, and shape), and demographics were surveyed. Based on the results, the vision of eco tshirts market for the new elderly consumers was positively prospected. In conclusion, specific strategies for eco t-shirts products development and marketing were suggested. Product development focused on practicality and material, design development reflecting consumers' preference, multipurpose product development, building up the product recognition, and moderate price strategy were suggested.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.169-180
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to draw theoretical and practical implications applicable to the field through structural equation modeling of internal marketing, organizational trust, customer orientation and job performance to promote spectators of professional football. In order to achieve the aim of this study, we surveyed 12 S. Korea professional football clubs' employees(216 effective sample). Seven hypotheses were verified using frequency analysis, correlation analysis, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis and structural equation modeling through SPSS and AMOS statistics. The results are as follows. First, internal marketing had a positive effect on customer orientation. Second, internal marketing had a positive effect on job satisfaction. Third, internal marketing had a positive effect on organizational trust. Fourth, organizational trust had a positive effect on customer orientation. Fifth, organizational trust had a positive effect on job satisfaction. Sixth, organizational trust was found to partially mediate relationship between internal marketing and customer orientation. Seventh, organizational trust was found to partially mediate relationship between internal marketing and job satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.685-695
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to identify dynamic relationship structure in fashion Internet shopping mall and to present marketers to perform marketing strategy in e-CRM, focusing on trust and commitment. 473 customers who had purchased fashion products in fashion internet shopping mall had participated in the survey. Finally, 470 were used into data analysis. The data was analyzed by factor analysis, t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis and Structural Equation Model(SEM) using AMOS program. As the results, 'economic benefits' and 'service' variables had the positive effects on 'trust'. Especially, 'service' had the major effect on 'trust'. 'Trust' and 'product information quality' had the positive effects on 'emotional commitment'. 'Trust', 'economic benefits' and 'reputation' had the positive effects on calculus commitment, while contents had the negative effect. Also, 'emotional' and 'calculus' commitment had positive effects on 'relationship maintenance intention'. 'Emotional commitment' had higher effect on 'relationship maintenance intention' than 'calculus commitment'. 'Calculus commitment' had the positive effect on discontinue relationship intention when shopping mall made mistakes. The results of this study provide e-CRM marketing strategy for marketers of fashion internet shopping mall.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.65-75
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the food-related lifestyle of coffee consumer and their coffee satisfaction level in an attempt to lay the foundation for successful coffee marketing strategy setting. Self-reported questionnaires were completed by 300 adults who have visited coffee shop recently in the Seoul metropolitan area. The SPSS 18.0 program was used to analyze the samples. Data was analyzed by frequency, descriptive factor, reliability, ANOVA, and regression. A factor analysis extracted five factors comprising food related lifestyle, which we named health-seeking (factor 1), eating-out-seeking (factor 2), taste-seeking (factor 3), economy-seeking (factor 4) and convenience-seeking (factor 5). The results of the regression analysis suggested that health-seeking, eating-out-seeking, taste-seeking lifestyle had a statistically significantly positive influences on the degree of the satisfaction. health-seeking, eating-out-seeking, taste-seeking, convenience-seeking in food-related lifestyle had statistically significantly positive influences on purchase intention. These results provide an understanding for lifestyles of coffee consumers and give an insight into differentiated marketing plans for coffee industry.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.686-704
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• 2015

As mass media has come to intervene with politics in a more proactive way during modern times, the image of a politician has evolved into a more relevant factor compared with political content. This phenomenon is known as "image politics", and such externalized images as non-verbal cues have grown in importance, along with the numbers of female politicians. Thus image strategy has been instituted as a major research theme in the field of political marketing, especially for female politicians. In accordance with this theme, this study aims to approach fashion as part of image strategy of female politicians, in order to reemphasize political fashion as a valuable resource. The methodologies employed in this study are based on both the literature and positive research. Female politicians have long utilized fashion styles that are, or are assumed to be, the most appealing to their target base of support in a predominantly male-centered sector. In this sense, appropriate choices in the usage of apparel items, colors, hair styles, accessories, and others according to each situation and respective hierarchies are of the utmost importance. When attending official ceremonies and other related meetings, the strategic superiority afforded to a scientific approach based on thorough fashion research, compared with personal taste is imperative. The significance of this study lies within the recognition of the importance of fashion image, and how to utilize fashion for image strategy in practice, through the investigative synthesis and review of major preceding research.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-42
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• 2019

The purpose of this research was to investigate the factors influencing global expansion/scalability of Kenyan Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Factor analysis and multiple/multivariate regression analysis to determine the functional relationship between independent variables (factors) and the dependent variable was used. The independent variables were: innovation & technology, fitness/appropriateness of management, global marketing strategy; and support environment and the dependent variable, global expansion/scalability. Data was collected from a survey of randomly selected firms of 205, drawn from a population of 440 firms from Kenya Manufacturers Directory, with 175 firms responding. The key findings from the research in relation to Kenyan SMEs were that: there is a functional relationship between global market strategy and global expansion; there is a functional relationship between innovation and technology orientation and global expansion, there is no significant functional relationship between supportive environment of firms and their global expansion; and there is no significant functional relationship between fitness/appropriateness of management and global expansion/scalability. The implications for practice is that the ranking of the factors in order of priority supports focusing concern on the orientation of business strategy toward global market strategy, market research geared at obtaining foreign market intelligence, innovation and technology, product adaptation, service orientation, collaborative ventures, and long-range vision as key factors in making Kenyan firms successful in the international market. The implication for policy and practice is that there is need for collaboration between industry and government in pursuing policies for global expansion/scalability and among SMEs and large enterprises particularly in areas of rapid technological change.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.10 s.212
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• pp.155-165
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze difference in clothing preference based on the perceived body types. The objects of this study were to prepare for the establishment of a marketing strategy and alternative plan intended for users operating in a subdivided market, after analyzing the differences in clothing preference based on the perceived body types. The respondents comprised 192 female adults, who were residents in Busan. The questionnaire was composed of three sections: style, textile, and color of clothing. Data were analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, cluster analysis, discriminate analysis, and ANOVA. Cluster analysis was employed to identify groups of respondents based on the five delineated measure items. Based on the findings, three distinct groups were formed: thin, normal, and obese. The result of this study showed statistically significant differences among the three groups in terms of style, textile, and color of clothing, as well as in terms of demographic characteristics. Marketing and management implications for effectively targeting the segments are discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.208-214
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• 2000

This paper presents a direction that can help PC sales manager establish more effective marketing strategy by understanding how they get information on the products and what they consider most when the consumers purchase personal Computer. The survey was conducted on the two groups of OSAN College students classified according to their computer handling skill. Frequency analysis has shown that consumers largely got information on the products through word of mouth of friends or family members rather than mass media advertisement. And factor analysis has shown that consumers consider the qualify of after service has brand name most when they buy PC. Particularly, the consumers who are good at dealing with PC are more concerned with the quality of after service, brand name, salesman's kindness and delivery-installation than the ones having poor PC skills are. This survey results indicate that PC sales managers need to set up different marketing strategies in accordance with the consumer's PC utilizing capability.