• 제목/요약/키워드: facilitated state

검색결과 83건 처리시간 0.023초

Downtime cost analysis of offloading operations under irregular waves in Malaysian waters

  • Patel, M.S.;Liew, M.S.;Mustaffa, Zahiraniza;Abdurasheed, Abdurrasheed Said;Whyte, Andrew
    • Ocean Systems Engineering
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.131-161
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    • 2020
  • The objective of this study was to evaluate the downtime cost of side-by-side offloading operations in Malaysian waters. With the help of a numerical time domain tool, the structure and cable response of moored FPSO vessel was simulated for heading and beam sea-states under irregular waves. The weather downtime was assessed by comparing the response under operational wave condition with the pre defined industrial safe offloading criteria. Additionally, two cases of cable failure were simulated for each sea-state. The novel study on downtime cost was presented for three different location of Malaysia subcontinent for which the location specific wave scatter diagram facilitated to estimate the probability of occurrence of operational wave condition. It was concluded that an unpredictable increment in wave height by 0.5 m can significantly impact the production cost.

충진층 흡착관 내에서 입상활성탄에 의한 페놀 제거 : 매개변수 감응도 해석 (Removal of Phenol by Granular Activated Carbon from Aqueous Solution in Fixed-Bed Adsorption Column : Parameter Sensitivity Analysis)

  • 윤영삼;황종연;권성헌;김인실;박판욱
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제7권6호
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    • pp.773-782
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    • 1998
  • The adsorption experiment of phenol(Ph) from aqueous solution on granular activated carbon was studied in order to design the fixed-bed adsorption column. The experimental data were analyzed by unsteady-state, one-dimensional heterogeneous model. Finite element method(FEM) was applied to analyze the sensitivity of parameter and to predict the fixed-bed adsorption column performance on operation variable changes. The prediction model showed similar effect to mass transfer and intraparticle diffusion coefficient changes suggesting that both parameter present mass transfer rate limits for GAC-phenol system. The Freundlich constants had a greater effect than kinetic parameters for the performance of fixed-bed adsorption column. FEM solution facilitated prediction of concentration history in solution and within adsorbent particle.

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Comparative Viral Metagenomics of Environmental Samples from Korea

  • Kim, Min-Soo;Whon, Tae Woong;Bae, Jin-Woo
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.121-128
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    • 2013
  • The introduction of metagenomics into the field of virology has facilitated the exploration of viral communities in various natural habitats. Understanding the viral ecology of a variety of sample types throughout the biosphere is important per se, but it also has potential applications in clinical and diagnostic virology. However, the procedures used by viral metagenomics may produce technical errors, such as amplification bias, while public viral databases are very limited, which may hamper the determination of the viral diversity in samples. This review considers the current state of viral metagenomics, based on examples from Korean viral metagenomic studies-i.e., rice paddy soil, fermented foods, human gut, seawater, and the near-surface atmosphere. Viral metagenomics has become widespread due to various methodological developments, and much attention has been focused on studies that consider the intrinsic role of viruses that interact with their hosts.

The Role of Prosodic Boundary Cues in Word Segmentation in Korean

  • Kim, Sa-Hyang
    • 음성과학
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.29-41
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    • 2006
  • This study investigates the degree to which various prosodic cues at the boundaries of prosodic phrases in Korean contribute to word segmentation. Since most phonological words in Korean are produced as one Accentual Phrase (AP), it was hypothesized that the detection of acoustic cues at AP boundaries would facilitate word segmentation. The prosodic characteristics of Korean APs include initial strengthening at the beginning of the phrase and pitch rise and final lengthening at the end. A perception experiment utilizing an artificial language learning paradigm revealed that cues conforming to the aforementioned prosodic characteristics of Korean facilitated listeners' word segmentation. Results also indicated that duration and amplitude cues were more helpful in segmentation than pitch. Nevertheless, results did show that a pitch cue that did not conform to the Korean AP interfered with segmentation.

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Mitigating Hazards by Better Designing a Recycling Program: Lessons Learned from South Korea

  • Kim, Kyung Woo;Song, Minsun
    • Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.17-36
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    • 2015
  • As an effort of mitigating hazards, pro-environmental programs have been vigorously activated with regard to solid waste recycling. It is beneficial for both the environment and resource saving, but implementation and enforcement are hard to achieve voluntarily. The South Korean Government first implemented the Deposit Refund System (DRS) and later the Extended Producer Responsibility Program (EPR) to reduce waste and encourage recycling in South Korea. Un-der the DRS, producers would pay for recycling the wastes of the products. The government then repealed the DRS and implemented the EPR program. Under this program, the producers recycle as much as the Ministry of Environment determines or pay a penalty for an excessive amount of the waste. In the broader perspective of disaster management, such policy programs can mitigate environmental hazards. This paper compares those two programs that facilitated the level of recycling, focusing on how such programs regulate producers and how they were operated from the perspective of implementation and enforcement.

바인더가 도공층 구조 및 도공지의 표면 강도에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Binder on Coating Layer Structure and Surface Strength of Coated Paper)

  • 이용규;황석우
    • 펄프종이기술
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    • 제30권3호
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    • pp.63-72
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    • 1998
  • This research was intended to evaluate the effect of carboxymethylcellulose(CMC) on the coating structure and surface strength of coated paper prepared with amphoteric latex based coating color. Printability and optical properties of coated papers were compared. The influence of the consolidation behavior of coating color on the coating structure and the surface strength of coated paper was investigated. Compared with the conventional anionic latex, amphoteric latex formed bulkyer, smoother and more porous coating layer, which in turn, restricted binder migration in the coating layers, and facilitated immobilization of coating colors. However, dry pick strength of coated paper was decreased. The addition of CMC to these systems had strongly influenced on. the consolidation behavior and porosity in the dry state, through forming the network structure of coating layers by the interaction with amphoteric latex particles. Thus, printability and optical properties of coated papers were improved. Results indicated that amphoteric latex could be practically applied to the paper coating to improve printability and optical properties of coated papers.

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결로시간 예측을 위한 경험모형의 최적 기상변수 (Optimal Weather Variables for Estimation of Leaf Wetness Duration Using an Empirical Method)

  • K. S. Kim;S. E. Taylor;M. L. Gleason;K. J. Koehler
    • 한국농림기상학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.23-28
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    • 2002
  • CART(Classification and Regression Tree) 모형을 이용해서 결로시간 예측에 필요한 기상변수들을 평가하였다. 입력 기상 변수들은 0.3m와 1.5m에서 측정된 기온, 상대습도, 풍속의 시간별 측정값으로서 이 관측 값들은 1997년부터 1999년 5월에서 9월 사이에 미국의 Iowa, Illinois 및 Nebraska주에 위치한 15개 자동 기상 관측소에서 관측된 것이다. 0.3 m에서 측정된 기온, 상대습도, 그리고 풍속을 이용해서 얻어진 모형이 가장 높은 결로시간의 예측 적중율(85.5%)을 보였으며, 이 모형은 Gleason 등(1994)의 CART/SLD 모형의 적중률(84.7%) 보다 다소 높았다. 그러나 새로운 변수를 추가한 경우에 정확도의 향상이 다소 있었으나 CART/SLD 모형을 대체할 정도는 아니었다. 따라서, 기온, 상대습도, 풍속들의 종관 기상관측값들을 입력변수로 사용하는 CART/SLD 모형이 종관 기상관측 자료 이외의 추가적인 자료를 필요로 하는 모형으로 결로시간을 예측하는 것보다 합리적일 것으로 보인다.

SYSTEMS STUDIES AND MODELING OF ADVANCED LIFE SUPORT SYSTEM

  • Kang, S.;Ting, K.C.;Both, A.J.
    • 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.III
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    • pp.623-631
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    • 2000
  • Advanced Life Support Systems (ALSS) are being studied to support human life during long-duration space missions. ALSS can be categorized into four subsystems: Crew, Biomass Production, Food Processing and Nutrition, Waste Processing and Resource Recovery. The System Studies and Modeling (SSM) team of New Jersey-NASA Specialized Center of Research and Training (NJ-NSCORT) has facilitated and conducted analyses of ALSS to address systems level issues. The underlying concept of the SSM work is to enable the effective utilization of information to aid in planning, analysis, design, management, and operation of ALSS and their components. Analytical tools and computer models for ALSS analyses have been developed and implemented for value-added information processing. The results of analyses have been delivered through the Internet for effective communication within the advanced life support (ALS) community. Several modeling paradigms have been explored by developing tools for use in systems analysis. They include object-oriented approach for top-level models, procedural approach for process-level models, and application of commercially available modeling tools such as MATLAB$\^$(R)//Simulink$\^$(R)/. Every paradigm has its particular applicability for the purpose of modeling work. An overview is presented of the systems studies and modeling work conducted by the NJ-NSCORT SSM team in its efforts to provide systems analysis capabilities to the ALS community. The experience gained and the analytical tools developed from this work can be extended to solving problems encountered in general agriculture.

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A Framework of Building Knowledge Representation for Sustainability Rating in BIM

  • Shahaboddin Hashemi Toroghi;Tang-Hung. Nguyen;Jin-Lee. Kim
    • 국제학술발표논문집
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    • The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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    • pp.437-443
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    • 2013
  • Recently, sustainable building design, a growing field within architectural design, has been emerged in the construction industry as the practice of designing, constructing, and operating facilities in such a manner that their environmental impact, which has become a great concern of construction professionals, can be minimized. A number of different green rating systems have been developed to help assess that a building project is designed and built using strategies intended to minimize or eliminate its impact on the environment. In the United States, the widely accepted national standards for sustainable building design are known as the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Green Building Rating System. The assessment of sustainability using the LEED green rating system is a challenging and time-consuming work due to its complicated process. In effect, the LEED green rating system awards points for satisfying specified green building criteria into five major categories: sustainable sites, water efficiency, energy and atmosphere, materials and resources, and indoor environmental quality; and sustainability of a project is rated by accumulating scores (100 points maximum) from these five major categories. The sustainability rating process could be accelerated and facilitated by using computer technology such as BIM (Building Information Modeling), an innovative new approach to building design, engineering, and construction management that has been widely used in the construction industry. BIM is defined as a model-based technology linked with a database of project information, which can be accessed, manipulated, and retrieved for construction estimating, scheduling, project management, as well as sustainability rating. This paper will present a framework representing the building knowledge contained in the LEED green building criteria. The proposed building knowledge framework will be implemented into a BIM platform (e.g. Autodesk Revit Architecture) in which sustainability rating of a building design can be automatically performed. The development of the automated sustainability rating system and the results of its implementation will be discussed.

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Who Leads Nonprofit Advocacy through Social Media? Some Evidence from the Australian Marine Conservation Society's Twitter Networks

  • Jung, Kyujin;No, Won;Kim, Ji Won
    • Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.69-81
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    • 2014
  • While much in the field of public management has emphasized the importance of nonprofit advocacy activities in policy and decision-making procedures, few have considered the relevance and impact of leading actors on structuring diverse patterns of information sharing and communication through social media. Building nonprofit advocacy is a complicated process for a single organization to undertake, but social media applications such as Facebook and Twitter have facilitated nonprofit organizations and stakeholders to effectively share information and communicate with each other for identifying their mission as it relates to environmental issues. By analyzing the Australian Marine Conservation Society's (AMCS) Twitter network data from the period 1 April to 20 April, 2013, this research discovered diverse patterns in nonprofit advocacy by leading actors in building advocacy. Based on the webometrics approach, analysis results show that nonprofit advocacy through social media is structured by dynamic information flows and intercommunications among participants and followers of the AMCS. Also, the findings indicate that the news media and international and domestic nonprofit organizations have a leading role in building nonprofit advocacy by clustering with their followers.