• 제목/요약/키워드: f-actin

검색결과 95건 처리시간 0.028초

Dual TORCs driven and B56 orchestrated signaling network guides eukaryotic cell migration

  • Kim, Lou W.
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제50권9호
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    • pp.437-444
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    • 2017
  • Different types of eukaryotic cells may adopt seemingly distinct modes of directional cell migration. However, several core aspects are regarded common whether the movement is either ameoboidal or mesenchymal. The region of cells facing the attractive signal is often termed leading edge where lamellipodial structures dominates and the other end of the cell called rear end is often mediating cytoskeletal F-actin contraction involving Myosin-II. Dynamic remodeling of cell-to-matrix adhesion involving integrin is also evident in many types of migrating cells. All these three aspects of cell migration are significantly affected by signaling networks of TorC2, TorC1, and PP2A/B56. Here we review the current views of the mechanistic understanding of these regulatory signaling networks and how these networks affect eukaryotic cell migration.

Activated Rap1A Induces Osteoblastic Differentiation and Cell Adhesion

  • Kim, Hyeseon;Jeon, Taeck J.
    • 통합자연과학논문집
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.171-176
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    • 2016
  • Rap1 is a key regulator of cell adhesion and migration. Although increasing evidence indicates that the Rap1 signaling pathway is involved in the process of bone remodeling, the mechanism by which Rap1 regulates osteoblastic differentiation and cell adhesion remains unknown. Here, we investigated the morphological characteristics and osteoblastic differentiation of cells expressing constitutively activated form of Rap1A (Rap1ACA) or Rap1 GTPase activating protein Rap1GAP and found that activated Rap1 induces osteoblastic differentiation and cell adhesion as well as cell spreading. When osteoblastic differentiation was induced, Rap1ACA cells showed considerably higher levels of calcium deposits than the wild-type and Rap1GAP-overexpressing cells did. Rap1ACA cells showed increased spreading and size, as well as strong cell adhesion and significantly decreased growth rates. F-actin staining using phalloidin revealed several thin thread-like filopodia around the protrusions in Rap1ACA cells, which possibly contribute to the increased cell adhesion.

Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of Pseudocercospora fatouae Associated with Hypophyllous Leaf Mold on Fatoua villosa in Korea

  • Kui-Jae Lee;In-Young Choi;Lamiya Abasova;Joon-Ho Choi;Jung-Hee Park;Hyeon-Dong Shin
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제51권2호
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    • pp.147-153
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    • 2023
  • Dark brown leaf molds growing in a vein-limited pattern have been continuously observed on the lower leaf surface of Fatoua villosa in Korea. Fifteen samples deposited in the Korea University herbarium were examined for fungal morphological characterization. Two monoconidial isolates were obtained in 2022, and molecular analysis was performed based on a combined multigene dataset of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and partial actin (actA), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), and DNA-directed RNA polymerase II second-largest subunit (rpb2). Based on morphological features and molecular phylogenetic analysis, the fungus Pseudocercospora fatouae was identified. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first study reporting the presence of P. fatouae on F. villosa in Korea.

체외에서 배양된 구강 내 정상세포에 불화나트륨이 미치는 영향 (The effects of sodium fluoride on oral normal cell cultured in vitro)

  • 최별보라;김다혜;김지영;박상례
    • 한국치위생학회지
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.471-477
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    • 2016
  • Objectives: Fluoride is widely used in the prevention and control of dental caries. The purpose of this study is to examine the biological effects of Sodium fluoride on the proliferation of oral normal cell in vitro(MDPC-23, HaCaT, HGF-1 cells). Methods: The proliferation of normal cells and the cyto-skeletal change of normal cells were assessed by WST-1 assay and F-actin stain assay. The statistical significances of the resulting data were analyzed using SPSS(Window 12.0). Results: The sodium fluoride(0-12 mM) treatment decreased the cell viability in a dose and time dependent manner: HaCaT(6 h): $100{\pm}0$, $98{\pm}0.39$, $82{\pm}2.68$, $75{\pm}0.83$, $69{\pm}1$, $67{\pm}1.42%$(p<0.005); HaCaT(24 h): $100{\pm}0$, $98{\pm}1.85$, $54{\pm}0.64$, $43{\pm}0.4$, $38{\pm}0.32$, $36{\pm}0.13%$(p<0.006), MDPC-23(6 h): $100{\pm}0$, $93{\pm}1.48$, $85{\pm}0.28$, $82{\pm}1.58$, $79{\pm}1.48$, $76{\pm}1.93%$(p<0.009); MDPC-23(24 h): $100{\pm}0$, $91{\pm}1.26$, $58{\pm}0.65$, $49{\pm}1$, $44{\pm}0.74$, $2{\pm}0.05%$(p<0.005), HGF-1(6 h): $100{\pm}0$, $97{\pm}2.93$, $89{\pm}5$, $71{\pm}5.42$, $58{\pm}4.82$, $43{\pm}3.47%$(p<0.009); HGF-1(24 h): $100{\pm}0$, $97{\pm}2.05$, $73{\pm}1.73$, $22{\pm}1.61$, $14{\pm}1.73$, $7{\pm}0.85%$(p<0.005). Thus, changes in cell morphology and disruption of filamentous(F)-actin organization were observed in higher concentration. Conclusions: These results suggest that higher concentrations of fluoride lead to a reduce the number of cells and morphology change of normal cell.

모링가 추출물에 대한 화장품약리활성 검증 (Studies on Cosmeceutical Activity of Extracts of Moringa oleifera Extract)

  • 김소라;유단희;염현지;오민정;이진영
    • 대한화장품학회지
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    • 제44권3호
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    • pp.219-229
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구에서는 화장품 천연소재로서 모링가 에탄올 추출물의 이용 가능성을 확인하였다. Tyrosinase와 elastase 저해활성을 측정한 결과 각각 $1,000{\mu}g/mL$에서 47%, 39%의 활성을 나타내었다. 모링가 에탄올 추출물에 대한 collagenase 저해활성을 측정한 결과 $1,000{\mu}g/mL$에서 31%의 활성을 확인하였다. 세포 생존율을 MTT 분석법으로 확인한 결과 대식 세포(Raw264.7)와 멜라노마 세포(B16F10)의 농도 구간이 $100{\mu}g/mL$ 일 때 각각 94.2%, 94.8%의 생존율을 보였다. 항염증 활성을 확인하기 위해 griess 분석에 의하여 대식 세포에 lipopolysaccharides (LPS)를 처리하였다. 그 결과 모링가 에탄올 추출물의 농도가 증가함에 따라 NO 발현 억제효과를 확인하였다. Western blot을 통한 단백질 발현 억제 효과를 측정하기 위해 25, 50, $100{\mu}g/mL$ 농도의 모링가 에탄올 추출물과 ${\beta}-actin$을 사용하였다. 그 결과, iNOS, COX-2, MITF, TRP-1, TRP-2, tyrosinase의 단백질 발현양이 $1 00{\mu}g/mL$에서 85.8%, 57.5%, 80.7%, 30%, 29.9%, 23.6%로 억제됨을 확인하였다. 따라서 미백 및 항염증 효과가 우수함을 확인하였고, 모링가 에탄올 추출물의 화장품 소재로서의 가능성을 확인하였다.

ANXA2 Regulates the Behavior of SGC-7901 Cells

  • Sun, Meng-Yao;Xing, Rui-Huan;Gao, Xiao-Jie;Yu, Xiang;He, Hui-Min;Gao, Ning;Shi, Hong-Yan;Hu, Yan-Yan;Wang, Qi-Xuan;Xu, Jin-Hui;Hou, Ying-Chun
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제14권10호
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    • pp.6007-6012
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    • 2013
  • ANXA2, a member of the annexin family, is overexpressed and plays important roles in tumor development. However, the significance of ANXA2 expression in gastric carcinoma has not been clarified.To elucidate its roles in growth of gastric cancer, ANXA2 expression in SGC-7901 cells was inhibited with a designated siRNA, then cell proliferation, cell cycling, apoptosis and motility were determined by MTT assay, flow cytometry, Hoechst 33342 staining and wound healing assay, respectively. To further assess the behavior of ANXA2 deleted SGC-7901 cells, changes of microstructures were observed under fluorescence microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy and electron microscopy. We found that inhibition of ANXA2 expression caused cell proliferation to decrease significantly with G1 arrest, motility to be reduced with changes in pseudopodia/filopodia structure and F-actin and ${\beta}$-tubulin expression, and apoptosis to be enhanced albeit without significance. At the same time, ANXA2 deletion resulted in fewer pseudopodia/filopodia, non-stained areas were increased, contact inhibition among cells reappeared, and expression of F-actin and ${\beta}$-tubulin was decreased, with induction of polymerized disassembled forms. Taken together, these data suggest that ANXA2 overexpression is important to maintain the malignancy of cancer cells, and this member of the annexin family has potential to be considered as a target for the gene therapy of gastric carcinoma.

보골지 추출물이 파골세포 분화 및 골흡수 관련 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향 (Psoraleae Semen Ethanol Extract Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation and Osteoclast Specific Genes Expression)

  • 류광현;김엄지;김민선;김재현;이유진;진대환;손영주;정혁상
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • 제38권3호
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    • pp.140-150
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    • 2021
  • Objectives : The increase of osteoclasts could cause osteoporosis and bone-related diseases. Also, the inhibition of osteoclast differentiation is important in treating bone-related diseases. Traditionally, Psoraleae Semen has been used for geriatric diseases, aging and musculoskeletal diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Psoraleae Semen ethanol extract (PS) on osteoclast differentiation and its function. Methods : To confirm the effect of PS on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption activity, various levels of concentrations of PS (5, 10, 20 and 40 ㎍/ml) were tested on RAW 264.7 cells cultured with RANKL. We measured tartarate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells, TRAP activity, pit formation and F-actin ring formation. The expressions of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFATc1) and c-Fos were confirmed through western blot and reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Also, the expression of bone resorption and fusion-related genes in osteoclast was confirmed by RT-PCR. Results : PS decreased the number of TRAP-positive cells and the TRAP activity. In addition, PS significantly inhibited the formation of pit and F-actin ring. Furthermore, PS decreased the expression of osteoclast related genes. Conclusions : PS inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption ability through inhibition of the expression of osteoclast-related genes. This indicates that PS may be a potential therapeutic agent to osteoporosis by suppressing osteoclastogenesis.

단풍잎돼지풀 발효 추출물의 항산화 효과 및 B16F10 세포에서의 미백 활성 검증 (Verification of the Antioxidant Effects and Whitening Activity of fermented Ambrosia trifida L. Extracts in B16F10 Cells)

  • 유단희;오민정;염현지;이진영
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제48권4호
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    • pp.556-563
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구는 단풍잎돼지풀 발효 추출물의 항산화 및 미백 효과를 검증하여 화장품 소재로서 활용가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 항산화 효과를 측정하기 위해 전자공여능 측정과 ABTS 라디칼 소거능을 측정하였다. 단풍잎돼지풀 발효 추출물의 전자공여능 측정 결과 1,000 ㎍/ml 농도에서 68.4%의 효과를 보였으며, ABTS 라디칼 소거능 측정 결과 같은 농도에서 58.7%의 효과를 나타내었다. 미백효과를 Tyrosinase의 효소 억제 활성에 의해 측정한 결과, 1,000 ㎍/ml 농도에서 32.4%의 저해활성 효과를 보였다. 세포 차원에서 미백효과를 측정하기 위해 단풍잎돼지풀 발효추출물의 세포 생존율을 멜라노마 세포에서 측정하였다. 그 결과, 100 ㎍/ml 농도에서 85.2%의 생존율을 보였으며, 독성을 보이지 않는 농도인 100 ㎍/ml 농도 이하에서 western blot을 진행하였다. 단풍잎돼지풀 발효 추출물의 단백질 발현억제 효과를 25, 50, 100 ㎍/ml의 농도에서 western blot으로 측정하였으며, 양성대조군으로 β-actin을 사용하였다. 그 결과, 100 ㎍/ml 농도에서 MITF, TRP-1, TRP-2, Tyrosinase인자들은 각각 51.14%, 55.4%, 38.6%, 83.77%의 효과를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 단풍잎돼지풀 발효 추출물의 항산화 및 미백효과가 검증되었으며, 화장품 천연물 소재로서 활용가능성을 확인하였다.

Graphene accelerates osteoblast attachment and biomineralization

  • Ren, Jia;Zhang, Xiaogang;Chen, Yao
    • Carbon letters
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    • 제22권
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    • pp.42-47
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    • 2017
  • In this paper, the in vitro biocompatibility of graphene film (GF) with osteoblasts was evaluated through cell adhesion, viability, alkaline phosphatase activity, F-actin and vinculin expressions, versus graphite paper as a reference material. The results showed that MG-63 cells exhibited stronger cell adhesion, better proliferation and viability on GF, and osteoblasts cultured on GF exhibited vinculin expression throughout the cell body. The rougher and wrinkled surface morphology, higher elastic modulus and easy out-of-plane deformation associated with GF were considered to promote cell adhesion. Also, the biomineralization of GF was assessed by soaking in simulated body fluid, and the GF exhibited enhanced mineralization ability in terms of mineral deposition, which almost pervaded the entire GF surface. Our results suggest that graphene promotes cell adhesion, activity and the formation of bone-like apatite. This research is expected to facilitate a better understanding of graphene-cell interactions and potential applications of graphene as a promising toughening nanofiller in bioceramics used in load-bearing implants.