• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study was to examine the differences in muscle activities for some muscles of the legs used in a broad jump after applying tape to healthy people. The purpose of this study was to improve the exercising ability of patients and athletes during the rehabilitation training. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Methods: The experimental group was attached with the Kinesio tape on Rectus femoris, Biceps femoris and Gastrocnemius. Before doing broad jumping, they had stretching with the following order. And we measured broad jumps five times. We gave the rest period between trials. After every trial was measured, they were performed to cool-down exercise with the same way of warm-up exercise. And the control group did the same exercises as the experimental group except for attaching the Kinesio tape on muscles. Results: The results of Rectus femoris, Biceps femoris and Gastrocnemius activities according to tape application of femoris muscle were significantly increased (p<.05) compared to untreated group. Conclusion: Therefore, Kinesio tape has an effect on the improvement of the broad jump recorded by affecting the increase in muscle activities.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.105-110
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the effects of beraprost sodium on digital infrared thermal images in patients with peripheral arterial disease caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five diabetic patients with peripheral arterial disease were treated with beraprost sodium in a prospective, multicenter, cohort study from February 2013 to December 2014. Beraprost sodium ($40{\mu}g$) was administered orally 3 times daily ($120{\mu}g/day$) for 6 months. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and digital infrared thermal imaging (DITI) were performed to compare the blood flow improvement between before and after dosing. Results: Among the 25 patients included in the evaluation, 22 patients completed the study. A significant increase in body temperature was observed in the front and left side, particularly in the plantar side in DITI compared to that before and after administration. An increase in body temperature was observed at the frontal part from $28.1^{\circ}C{\pm}2.3^{\circ}C$ to $29.1^{\circ}C{\pm}2.1^{\circ}C$ (p=0.021), at the left side from $27.8^{\circ}C{\pm}2.4^{\circ}C$ to $28.6^{\circ}C{\pm}1.9^{\circ}C$ (p=0.028), at the plantar part at $24.0^{\circ}C{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$, and at the plantar part at $27.1^{\circ}C{\pm}2.4^{\circ}C$ (p<0.01). The VAS decreased significantly from $5.4{\pm}1.3$ to $2.7{\pm}2.0$ after 6 months of treatment (p<0.01). Conclusion: Beraprost sodium is a safe and easy-to use oral medication for diabetes peripheral arterial disease. It can be expected to increase the blood flow and decrease the lower extremity pain statistically after being taken for 6 months.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.58-66
• /
• 2019

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic-loaded cement spacers (ALCSs) for the treatment of diabetic foot infections with osteomyelitis as a salvage procedure and to analyze the risk factors of treatment failure. Materials and Methods: This study reviewed retrospectively 39 cases of diabetic foot infections with osteomyelitis who underwent surgical treatment from 2009 to 2017. The mean age and follow-up period were $62{\pm}13years$ and $19.2{\pm}23.3months$, respectively. Wounds were graded using the Wagner and Strauss classification. X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (or bone scan) and deep tissue cultures were taken preoperatively to diagnose osteomyelitis. The ankle-brachial index, toe-brachial index (TBI), and current perception threshold were checked. Lower extremity angiography was performed and if necessary, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was conducted preoperatively. As a surgical treatment, meticulous debridement, bone curettage, and ALCS placement were employed in all cases. Between six and eight weeks after surgery, ALCS removal and autogenous iliac bone graft were performed. The treatment was considered successful if the wounds had healed completely within three months without signs of infection and no additional amputation within six months. Results: The treatment success rate was 82.1% (n=32); 12.8% (n=5) required additional amputation and 5.1% (n=2) showed delayed wound healing. Bacterial growth was confirmed in 82.1% (n=32) with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus being the most commonly identified strain (23.1%, n=9). The lesions were divided anatomically into four groups; the largest number was the toes: (1) toes (41.0%, n=16), (2) metatarsals (35.9%, n=14), (3) midfoot (5.1%, n=2), and (4) hindfoot (17.9%, n=7). A significant difference in the Strauss wound score and TBI was observed between the treatment success group and failure group. Conclusion: The insertion of ALCSs can be a useful treatment option in diabetic foot infections with osteomyelitis. Low scores in the Strauss classification and low TBI are risk factors of treatment failure.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.10 no.9
• /
• pp.273-281
• /
• 2019

This study aimed to qualify the amount of movement during game-based training and competition by using a GPS and to identify the non-contact injury risk in lower extremities for female field hockey enrolled in Korean national team. A total of 52 players were participated in this study and their GPS data collected during training and competition were averaged for 1 week and 4 weeks. And then, an injury risk in lower extremities was calculated for each category of the amount of movement in GPS variables that were related to non-contact injury. In forwards, the injury risk was the lowest in the moderate-low category of total distance covered and repeated high-intensity effort bout and the high category of high intensity distance for 1 week, but the risk decreased as the amount of high intensity distance increased for 4 weeks. In midfielders, the injury risk was the lowest in the low category of total distance covered, high intensity distance, repeated high-intensity effort bout and deceleration bout for 1 week.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.24-33
• /
• 2019

Background: Spontaneous use of the upper extremities on the affected side of patients with stroke is a meaningful indicator of recovery and may vary by the age or dominant hand of patients. No prior study has reported changes in actual amount of use test (AAUT) and motor activity log (MAL)-28 according to age and handedness in healthy adults, and AAUT inter-rater reliability for assessment of healthy adults. Objects: This study aimed to (1) research the differences in AAUT and MAL-28 according to age and handedness in healthy adults, and (2) determine the inter-rater reliability of the AAUT. Methods: Seventy healthy adults participated in this study. The MAL-28 was assessed by dividing 61 subjects into young right-handed ($n_1=20$), young left-handed ($n_2=21$), and older right-handed ($n_3=20$) groups. The AAUT was assessed by dividing 63 subjects into young right-handed ($n_1=25$), young left-handed ($n_2=18$), and older right-handed ($n_3=20$) groups. Student's t-test and the Wilcoxon signedrank test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The Amount of Use (AOU) scale values for each group showed no significant differences between age groups and handedness groups in the MAL-28 (p>.05). The AAUT AOU scale value showed significant differences regarding dominant handedness in the AAUT (p<.05), but no significant differences according to age (p>.05). (2) Inter-rater reliability of the AAUT was excellent, except few items (item 9, 11, and 12). Conclusion: Although both the MAL-28 and the AAUT measured how much participants used their dominant arms in healthy subjects, the AAUT only showed significantly higher dominant arm use in left hander than the right hander. In addition, the inter-rater reliability of the AAUT was excellent. Current results can be utilized as a basic information when clinicians develop rehabilitation strategies, and AAUT was shown to be a reliable evaluation tool for measurement of upper extremity use in Korean adults, based on the reliability demonstrated by this study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Neurocognitive Rehabilitation
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of task training for cognitive activation of upper extremity on upper limb function and activities of daily living and to suggest intervention in rehabilitation treatment. From January to February of 2018, nine stroke patients were arbitrated 30 minutes a day, five days a week, for four weeks. For the experimental group, the therapist has induced the group using the linguistic guidance to patients, so they utilize the cognition strategy. The control group conducted active exercises in a range of motion using the instruments and passive exercises in a range of motion to reduce the stiffness of joints and upper limbs. As muscle strengthening exercises, the patients were assigned to work on the biceps muscle of arm, triceps muscle of arm, and deltoid according to the individual patient's muscular strength level. For the experimental group, the MBI was improved by ten points at maximum, and K-AMPS motor skills showed the improvements of 1.0 logit at maximum, and processing skills showed improvements of 0.6 logits at maximum. In MFT, the maximum improvement was by two points. For the control group, MBI was improved by five points at maximum, and 0.2 maximum improvements were shown in K-AMPS' motor skills and 0.3 maximum improvements in processing skills. MFT showed no change. The conclusion is that the challenges to enable training for stroke patients give a positive impact on upper limb function and activities of daily living.

• Journal of Korean Society of Neurocognitive Rehabilitation
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.45-52
• /
• 2018

The purpose of the present study was to determine correlations between the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Korean (MoCA-K) and Modified Barthel Index (MBI) targeting stroke patients, and it seeks to analyze the influence among each factor to establish the fundamental research in evaluating the functional performance capability of stroke patients. The study was conducted between December 2017 and March 2018 and the target of the study was 34 stroke patients who are hospitalized and treated in Y rehabilitation hospital located in Goyang city. Following in criteria of how participants were selected. First, a person without the onset of 6months or more. Second, a person who can communicate and score over 20 points on MMSE-K. Third, a person without unilateral neglect. Fourth, a person without lower motor neuron lesion and orthopedic disease on the bilateral lower extremity. Fifth, a person without audiovisual problem and history of using drug or surgery that influence athletic function. sixth, patients who agreed on participating in the study. The evaluation was processed by measuring BBS, MoCA-K, and MBI with the occupational therapist and physical therapist. Also, one assistant was participated in measuring balanced ability for the safety reason. It was found that significantly correlates (p<.01) with BBS and MoCA-K (r=.459), BBS and MBI (r=.550), MoCA-K and MBI (r=.565). This study is meaningful that it provided the basis for the active use of BBS, MoCA-K and MBI as a clinical evaluation tool and its usefulness.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.667-675
• /
• 2021

This study conducted a systematic review of evidence-based interventions to confirm the importance of gait in dementia patients and to inform the necessity of various interventions necessary for gait. Based on PRISMA's guidelines and evidence-based intervention, a systematic review were conducted, and papers published in domestic journals for the past 10years were collected, and the dependent variables measured along with the intervention type and gait were analyzed. For data search, research papers from January 2011 to June 2020 were collected through RISS, KISS, the National Library of Korea, and the Library of Congress. The main search terms were 'dementia patient', 'walking', and 'walking ability'. Searched 57 papers on dementia patients and gait that meet the literature selection criteria. Among them, papers overlapping with papers before 2010, papers whose dependent variable is not related to gait ability were excluded, and finally, other than dementia diseases. As for the type of gait intervention, there were many programs related to exercise such as fall prevention and physical activity, and the dependent variables measured along with gait were physically and psychologically diverse. Although domestic studies for dementia patients are conducted in a variety of directions and methods, there are few studies on the improvement of function and gait of the lower extremity part of the body. Therefore, it is necessary to study the multifaceted and various intervention methods for walking in dementia patients.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.41-50
• /
• 2020

The consequences of wearing high heels can be different according to the heel height, gait speed, shoe design, heel base area, and shoe size. This study aimed to focus on the knee extension and flexion range of motion (ROM) during gait, which were challenged by wearing five different shoe heel types and two different self-selected gait speeds (comfortable and fast) as experimental conditions. Measurement standards of knee extension and flexion ROM were individually calibrated at the time of heel strike, mid-stance, toe-off, and stance phase based on the 2-minute video recordings of each gait condition. Seven healthy young women (20.7 ± 0.8 years) participated and they were asked to walk on a treadmill wearing the five given shoes at a self-selected comfortable speed (average of 2.4 ± 0.3 km/h) and a fast speed (average of 5.1 ± 0.2 km/h) in a random order. All of the shoes were in size 23.5 cm. Three of the given shoes were 9.0 cm in height, the other two were flat shoes and sneakers. A motion capture software (Kinovea 0.8.27) was used to measure the kinematic data; changes in the knee angles during each gait. During fast speed gait, the knee extension angles at heel strike and mid-stance were significantly decreased in all of the 3 high heels (p<0.05). The results revealed that fast gait speed causes knee flexion angle to significantly increase at toe-off in all five types of shoes. However, there was a significant difference in both the knee flexion and extension angles when the gait in stiletto heels and flat shoes were compared in fast gait condition (p<0.05). This showed that walking fast in high heels leads to abnormal knee ROM and thus can cause damages to the knee joints. The findings in this preliminary study can be a basis for future studies on the kinematic changes in the lower extremity during gait and for the analysis of causes and preventive methods for musculoskeletal injuries related to wearing high heels.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the convergence effect of focal vibration stimulation and bilateral upper limb training on the recovery of upper limb function when applied to stroke patients. For 20 stroke patients, divided into an experimental group that performed convergence intervention with focal vibration stimulation and bilateral upper limb training, and a control group who performed only bilateral upper limb training. It was conducted 20 times for 4 weeks, 30 minutes per session. Vibration stimulation was applied to the affected side of the experimental group for 30 minutes during training. Results were measured for the degree of recovery of the affected upper limb function, amount of use on the affected and unaffected sides, the quality and satisfaction in performance on use of both upper limbs. Comparisons were made within groups using a paired-sample t-test and between groups using covariance analysis. As a result of the study, the experimental group showed a significant difference in dexterity and the amount of use on the affected than the control group. The effect size was more than the small effect size in all evaluation items. Through this study, it is thought that the convergence intervention of focal vibration stimulation and bilateral upper limb trainingcan be used clinically as an effective intervention for the recovery of arm function in stroke patients.