• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.351-359
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• 1997

Antifungal activities of the crude extracts of Anemarrhena asphodeloides. Coptis japonica and Phellodendron amurense were tested against Phvtophthora capsici. and the control effect on red-pepper phytophthora hlight and phytotoxicities of red-pepper were investigated. The results were summarized as follows; Mycelial growth and zoosporangial germination of the red-peppcr phytophthora hlight organism P. capsici were inhihited hy thc crude extracts of plant materials. Methanol extracts or plant materials had hctter antifungal activity than water extracts at hoth a room temperature and a hoiling condition. Antifungal activities of three crude extracts were gradually decreased with prolonged storage period. Red-pepper phytophthora hlight was effectively controlled hy the crude extracts of three plant materials. Of these. the crude extract of C. japonica was marvelously effective. Phytotoxic symptom to red-pepper seedling showed hy water cultural method hut not by pot test. Seed germination and radicle growth of red-pepper were inhihited hy the crude extracts of three plant materials. Phytotoxic symptoms in the leaves and fruits of red-pepper were not ohserved with exogenous foliage application of the three crude extracts.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.752-757
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• 1997

Crude papain extracted at optimum condition was purified with an ethanol precipitation method. Four factors of protein recovery method were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) and the function was expressed in terms of a quadratic polynomial equation. Adequacy of the model equation for optimum response values was tested and optimum conditions of protein recovery were 38.2 mg/mL of protein, ethanol concentration of 40% and precipitation temperature of $-8^{\circ}C$. The experimental value (68.97%) for recovery yield was closed to the predicted value (77.28%) under these conditions.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.109-126
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• 1998

This experiment was performed in order to investigate the effect of Rosa rugosae Radix on hyperglycemia and diabetes in streptozotocin-induced rats. In this study, the experimental rats were divided into three groups: Control group, Group-A(Aqua-acupuncture group) and Group-B(Orally administ:ered group). Under the same condition, three groups were injected 50mg/kg of streptozotocin into abdomen for 3days. And then, Control group was administered water, Group-A was administered Rosa rugosae Radix aqua-acupuncture to S36, B20 and B21. Group-B was administered Rosa rugosae Radix water extract for 14days. Then kidney weight, serum glucose levels, BUN levels, creatinine levels and Langerhans islets were measured on 7th and 14th days. The obtained results are summarized as follows: 1. The kidney weight of control group was heavier than those of group-A and group-Bon 7th day. 2. The levels of serum glucose were decreased in group-A and group-B at l20minutes 14th day as compared with control group. 3. The levels of BUN were decreased in group-A and group-B as compared with control group. 4. In histological observations, Langerhans islets of control group showed disrupted or condensed nudei, and intercellular spaces between acini were enlarged. In the group-A and group-B, histological damages of the acini and Lagerhans islets were recovered as compared with control group. These results suggest that Rosa rugosae Radix can applied for the treatment of diabetes melitus.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.93-103
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• 2001

Once of recent issue in the leather industry is disposal of shaving scrap containing chromium. Shaving scrap is indispensible generated by control of the final thickness in the leather making process. It is the flesh layer of the skin consisting mainly of collagen. More recently, we have tried to improve the quality of the isolated gelatin. The purpose of this research was to extract gelatin for agricultural usage. As a result, it does not contain Cr and could obtained to a good gelatin that have more than 130,000Da. average molecular weight, more than 30 mps viscosity and more than 100g jelly strength. Gelatin that is extracted by alkaline condition expected to be available to high performance gelatin such as material of organic fertilizer(ex, Nitrogen-release fertilizer).

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.291-297
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• 2015

An oral environment is constantly exposed to environmental factors and microorganisms. The periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts within this environment are subject to bacterial infection and allergic reaction. However, how these condition affect PDL fibroblasts has yet to be elucidated. PDL fibroblasts were isolated from healthy donors. We examined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and measuring the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration ($[Ca^{2+}]_i$). This study investigated the receptors activated by exogenous bacterial pathogens (Lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan) and allergens (German cockroach extract and house dust mite) as well as these pathogenic mediators-induced effects on the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ signaling in human PDL fibroblasts. Moreover, we evaluated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, and IL-8) and bone remodeling mediators (receptor activator of NF-${\kappa}B$ ligand and osteoprotegerin) and intracellular $Ca^{2+}$-involved effect. Bacterial pathogens and allergic mediators induced increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and these results are dependent on intracellular $Ca^{2+}$. However, bacterial pathogens and allergic mediators did not lead to increased expression of bone remodeling mediators, except lipopolysaccharide-induced effect on receptor activator of NF-${\kappa}B$ ligand expression. These experiments provide evidence that a pathogens and allergens-induced increase in $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ affects the inflammatory response in human PDL fibroblasts.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.289-294
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• 1992

Twenty-four bacterial strains among alkalophillic bacteria isolated from soil samples were examined for the presence of type II restriction endonuclease in aerobic culture. One strain was found to contain specific enzyme to cleave lambda DNA. The characteristics of this microorganism is the ability to grow well in alkalophilic and high temperature condition, that is at pH 10.3 and $50^{\circ}C$. This strain was tentatively identified to Bacillus alkaloPhilus subsp. halodurans when morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics were examined. The enzyme was purified from crude extract by streptomycin sulfate, ammonium sulfate precipitation, which was followed by DEAE-cellulose and phosphocellulose ion exchange column chromatography, and the subunit molecular weight was about, 32,000 daltons by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis containing 0.1% SDS.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2008

In this paper we propose an algorithm to extract the license plate regions from Korean car images. The idea of this paper is that we first find the four digits in the input car image and then segment the plate region using the digit information. Out method has advantage of segmenting simultaneously the plate regions and four digits regions. The first step finds and groups the connected components with proper sizes as candidate digits. The second step applies an serial alignment condition to find out probable 4-digits. In the third step, we recognize the candidate digits and assign the confidence values to each of them. The final step extracts the license plate region which has the highest confidence value. We used the Perfect Metrics classification algorithm to estimate the confidence. In our experiment, we got 97.23% and 95.45% correct detection rates, 0.09% and 0.11% false detection rates for 4,600 daytime and 264 nighttime images, respectively.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.43 no.2 s.308
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• pp.81-92
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• 2006

This paper proposes a robustness watermarking for 3D mesh model based on projection onto convex sets (POCS). After designing the convex sets for robustness and invisibility among some requirements for watermarking system, a 3D-mesh model is projected alternatively onto two constraints convex sets until the convergence condition is satisfied. The robustness convex set are designed for embedding the watermark into the distance distribution of the vertices to robust against the attacks, such as mesh simplification, cropping, rotation, translation, scaling, and vertex randomization. The invisibility convex set are designed for the embedded watermark to be invisible. The decision values and index that the watermark was embedded with are used to extract the watermark without the original model. Experimental results verify that the watermarked mesh model has invisibility and robustness against the attacks, such as translation, scaling, mesh simplification, cropping, and vertex randomization.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.545-550
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• 2012

A 17-run Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the extraction conditions of astaxanthin from shrimp waste. Three factors such as ratio of ethanol to raw material, extraction temperature ($^{\circ}C$) and extraction time (min) were investigated. The adjusted coefficient of determination ($R^2{_{adj}}$) for the model was 0.9218, and the probability value (p=0.0003) demonstrated a high significance for the regression model. The optimum extraction conditions were found to be: optimized ratio of ethanol to raw material 29.7, extraction temperature $49.5^{\circ}C$ and extraction time 59.9 min. Under these conditions, the mean extraction yield of astaxanthin was $17.80{\mu}g/g$, which was in good agreement with the predicted model value. Under these conditions, validation experiments were done and the mean extraction yield of astaxanthin was $17.77{\mu}g/g$, which is in good agreement with the predicted model value.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.365-370
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• 2005

Microwave diagnostics have been widely utilized to measure the important parameters of high temperature and high density plasmas. Reflectometry is known as a promising microwave diagnostic which has a number of merits to measure electron density profiles. In the KSTAR device, X-mode FM reflectometry is planned to measure the plasma density profiles. FM reflectometry is required to extract phase information on raw mixer IF signals, thereby obtaining time-of-flight of reflectometry signals. It is known that the data analysis method is crucial to determine the performance of FM reflectometry In fact, there are several analysis programs which have been utilized in various FM systems. Since each program was developed for a specific device, however, it is difficult to directly apply it to a different reactor like the KSTAR device. It is necessary, therefore, to develop a data analysis program for the KSTAR FM reflectometry. In this paper, complex digital demodulation (CDM) and wavelet transformation are examined in terms of the performance of density profile reconstruction. For the comparison of both methods, FM reflectometry signals are generated on the basis of assumed profiles and the interaction of the X-mode wave and the plasma. In order to see how well both methods work under various conditions, three types of profiles are assumed and noise effects are included. As a result, both methods work well under the condition of gentle density gradient and small noise level. As density gradient becomes steeper and noise level gets higher. the reconstruction performance of wavelet is better than that of CDM.