• 지식경영연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.51-80
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the impact that occurs when Korean organizations make practical use of various information technology tools and systems in the knowledge management process, such as sharing, learning and creating knowledge. Such a process is usually made through online and offline knowledge management activities. This paper also verifies how the externalization of tacit knowledge, and the internalization of explicit knowledge via the Internet and offline socialization activities have altered the mechanisms of knowledge transfers inside organizations. For the research, a survey was conducted on the satisfaction and usability levels of information technology, and the impact of IT usage on the results of knowledge management activities and knowledge transfers. 622 Korean organizations were surveyed, including major listed firms and public organizations. The results were examined as an online/offline integration process using SECI's Model proposed by Nonaka (1994, 1995). The analysis shows that information technology satisfaction and the usage of information technology help accelerate the pace of the knowledge flow and amplify the volume of the knowledge transfer by boosting the externalization and internalization processes-also known as knowledge management activities. However. there is no distinct correlation between information technology and socialization, an offline knowledge transferal activity. In particular, the quality of knowledge-an end result of knowledge transfer-does not improve merely by the externalization of online knowledge and instead requires the internalization of knowledge processes. Above all, the research reveals that offline socialization processes vastly contribute to the improvement of knowledge quality. This paper suggests that in order to ensure a transfer of quality knowledge, an organization or a company should focus on the use of information technology rather than the satisfaction level of information technology, and that knowledge transfers via the Internet has limitations in creating high quality of knowledge. For an organization to ensure the transfer of high-quality knowledge, the organization should not entirely hinge the transfer of knowledge online, as it is essential to have an offline method-a form of socialization such as a 'community of practice.'

• 지식경영연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.31-52
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• 2007

Since the introduction of knowledge management systems, many studies have attempted to analyze its performance and identify the success factors. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between KMS technology characteristics and its quality. This paper attempts to categorize KMS technology functions into socialization, externalization, combination and internalization and then find the relationship between these functions and KMS quality. It also attempts to investigate the moderating effect of task characteristics in this relationship. Our research frame is derived from the well known task-technology fit model and the related KMS performance studies. A survey was conducted from 157 KMS users. It is found that both externalization and combination are important for KMS quality and this quality influences the KMS performance. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the task characteristics can moderate between the KMS technology and its quality.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.123-133
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 어머니의 양육 스트레스가 유아의 문제행동에 미치는 융복합적 영향과 그 과정에 있어서 아버지의 양육 참여의 조절효과를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 3년간 조사한 한국아동패널의 연구자료가 분석되었다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 어머니의 양육 스트레스는 유아의 문제행동에 영향을 마치는 주된 요인이었다. 회귀분석결과 어머니의 양육 스트레스는 유아의 내면화와 외현화에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 보여 주었다. 둘째, 아버지의 양육 참여는 유아의 문제행동에 영향을 마치지 않았다. 셋째, 어머니의 양육 스트레스는 아버지의 양육 참여와 관련한 상호작용효과가 유아의 내면화에 영향을 끼쳤다. 다른 말로 하면 아버지의 양육 참여는 유아의 문제행동에 대한 어머니의 양육 스트레스와 내면화인 우울증에 끼치는 영향을 완화시켜 주었다. 그것에 기초하여, 교육과 복지 제안들이 만들어졌다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.714-722
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 헤드폰 또는 이어폰을 이용하여 오디오 신호를 청취할 때 공간감 및 현실감을 높일 수 있는 음상 외재화 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 음상 정위를 위해 변형된 머리전달 함수를 사용하였고, 음향 시뮬레이션 기법을 통해 생성한 임펄스 응답을 공간감을 위한 반사음으로 사용하였다. 변형된 머리전달 함수는 기존의 머리전달 함수와 음상 정위 효과는 유지하면서, 음색의 변화를 최소화하는 방법으로 개발이 되었으며, 음향 시뮬레이션 기법은 자연스러운 반사음을 획득하기 위해 사용되었다. 제안한 알고리즘의 검증을 위해 청취평가를 수행하였다. 청취 평가를 통해 제안한 알고리즘이 음상 외재화 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었는데, 전방과 후방지역에 음상이 위치하는 경우보다는 좌측과 우측에 음상이 위치한 경우에 음상 외재화 효과가 잘 나타난다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.167-180
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• 2011

Recently, 3-D audio technologies are commonly implemented through headphones. A major problem of the headphone-based 3-D audio is in-the-head localization, which occurs due to the inaccurate Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF). Since the individual measurements of HRTFs are impractical, there have been several researches for HRTF customization. In this paper, an efficient method of customizing HRTFs for the sound externalization is proposed. Firstly, it is determined which part will be customized in HRTF through psychoacoustical experiments. Then, the method controlling spectral notches and envelopes to provide individual localization cues are described. Since the proposed method is based on a critical-band rate, the structure is much simpler than that of previous studies, but still effective. The performance was evaluated through a series of subjective tests, and the results confirmed that the customized HRTF using proposed method could replace the measured individual HRTF successfully.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2010

In the late twentieth century, the multistory housing has become the most preferred housing type. Moreover, in multistory housing design, not only interior design but also exterior design, uniqueness and characteristic have been added as significant factors in design to break simplicity and uniformity. The purpose of this study is to understand the tendency of the elevation design in Europe and to suggest the idea for elevation design for domestic. Also, each elements of elevation were analyzed through classification and schematization which categorized by its own characteristic. Design elements can be classified into three categories. They are corresponding with inner spaces, emphasizing visual expression of exterior material and texture, and presenting aesthetic factors of building shape. Those are named as the Spatial Externalization, the Visual Expression, and the Expression of Building Shape. In this frame nineteen elevations of sixteen different cases were analysed. As a result of case studies, it is clear that elevation designs were not standardized and each cases has its own characteristics. Also it showed how the each design elements can be coordinated as a total design and how they expressed identities of each housing. This study could contribute to motivate diversifying the design of multistory housing.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2008년도 동계학술대회
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• pp.139-142
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• 2008

헤드폰 또는 이어폰으로 오디오 청취 시 흔히 음상이 머리 내부에 맺히는 현상이 발생하게 되며, 이러한 현상을 음상 내재화(Inside Head Localization; IHL)라 한다. 오디오의 음상이 머리 주변 혹은 머리 내부에 맺히게 되면 공간감이나 입체감이 떨어지게 되어 음향의 현실감을 저하시키게 되며 또한 청취에 따른 피로도가 증가하게 된다. 이러한 음상 내재화 현상을 제거하여, 헤드폰/이어폰을 통해 오디오 청취 시 음상이 머리의 외부에 맺히도록(Out of Head Localization; OHL) 하는 기술을 음상 외재화(Sound Externalization) 기술이라 한다. 룸 임펄스 응답이 방향 큐와 연계하여 생성되었을 경우 외재화가 가능하다는 실험적 사실을 바탕으로 기존의 음상 외재화 방법은 일반적인 HRTF (Head Related Transfer Function)를 이용하여 외재화 필터를 구성해왔다. 본 논문에서는 구체마이크로폰을 이용하여 녹음한 멀티채널 룸 임펄스 응답을 기반으로 모델링 된 외재화 필터를 이용한 음원 외재화 방법을 제안한다. 또한 실험 및 결과 분석을 통하여 본 알고리즘의 전방 음원 외재화 성능의 우수성을 입증하고, 외재화 알고리즘 적용 후의원 신호 음상 보존 성능을 확인한다.

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물물리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.48-48
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• 2003

Electric field induces cell fusion, electroporation on biological cells, including apoptosis. Apoptosis is expressed in a series of natural enzymatic reactions for the natural elimination of unhealthy, genetically damaged, or otherwise aberrant cels that are not needed or not advantageous to the well-being of the organism. Its markers involve cell shringkage, activation of intracellular caspase proteases, externalization of phosphatidylserine at the plasma membrane, and fragmentation of DNA.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.129-150
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• 2012

This study examined difference in the responses of children and therapists depending on children's problem type(internalization or externalization) and the therapists' levels of psychological burnout. Play therapy' cases (March 2010 ~ September 2011) were successfully concluded in more than 36 sessions, which targeting 14 children aged 4~9 who had emotional and behavioral problems and two therapists who consulted with the children. To examine the change in the play therapy stepwise process in this case, the responses in the children and the therapists were examined by dividing the stages of therapy into the early stage, the middle stage, and the late stage. The Results showed that (1) the children's response during the play therapy process were not significant different for both types of children's problems. Moreover, there were no differences with different levels psychological burnout by the therapist. (2) A change in the children's response during the play therapy process was noted in both children who had internalization problem and in those who had externalization problems. Moreover, according to the therapist's levels of psychological burnout, a change in the children's responses was indicated in the play therapy process. (3) The therapist's responses in the play therapy process did not show significant difference according to children's problem type or therapists' levels of psychological burnout. (4) A significant difference was noted in the responses between the therapists experiencing psychological burnout depending on their level.

• 경영과학
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.43-60
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• 2017

This study empirically examined the differences in degrees of product or process innovations according to the activation forms of all knowledge management (KM) processes (i.e., socialization, internalization, externalization, and combination), which are influenced by the usage patterns of management control systems (MCS)(i.e., interactive and diagnostic usage patterns). We empirically investigated and identified the links among usage patterns of MCS, the activation forms of KM processes, and the kinds of innovation promoted. Under high competitive conditions, it was found that the interactive usage of MCS is relatively more preferred and enhanced. However, when environmental uncertainty is high, it was shown that the diagnostic use of MCS is more emphasized. Thus, it is evident that the use patterns of MCS are determined by environmental conditions. From the results of this study, it was suggested that under high interactive use of MCS, the activation of socialization and internalization is more enhanced than the facilitation of externalization. It was also observed that when both interactive and diagnostic usage of MCS are high, KM processes are more activated and strengthened. The results indicated that under high activation of KM processes, product innovation as well as process innovation are more frequently occurred. Finally, the results of this study suggested that according to the levels of innovation openness, major innovations are more frequently occurred and promoted than minor innovations.