• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.342-345
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• 2005

To detect external acoustic signal, fiber optic sensor array using Fabry-Perot interferometer which had benefit of minimize and light-weight was used. The sensor head has 1cm in length, total length of fiber is 9.5cm, and the sensor supported at both ends, simply. External sound applied in lateral direction and detected two signals were compared each other. It was confirmed that the Fabry-Perot interferometric sensor array detected acoustic signal, effectively.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.142-145
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• 2008

The growth of amorphous silica nanowires by on-site feeding of silicon and oxygen is reported. The nanowires were grown on a nickel-coated oxidized silicon substrate without external silicon or oxygen sources. Transmission electron microscopy observation revealed that the nanowires, which have diameters of less than 50 nm and a length of several micrometers, were grown using a traditional vapor-liquid-solid mechanism. Blue photoluminescence was observed from these nanowires at room temperature. An approach to grow nanowires without external precursors may be useful when integrating nanowires into devices structures. This can benefit the fabrication of nanowire-based nanodevices.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.5-23
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• 2011

Studies in social science are performed on the language of social actors. While a metaphor analysis focuses on the meaning of the language, a cognitive map analysis deals with its external relationships. If we can put together both analyses, it will be possible to investigate the internal meanings and external relationship of the language and image at the same time. In this paper, metaphor analysis and cognitive map approach is applied to find the image of local governments. This study shows how to link metaphor analysis to the cognitive map and the benefit of using both approaches together.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.61-78
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• 2014

The Cadastral Resurvey Project received 'Ineligible' determination by the first Pre-feasibility study in 2010. This is a result of the AHP analysis based on the policy and the economy validity. Especially, economic validity test uses mainly the Benefit-Cost Analysis. B-C Analysis has enclosed the limit to estimate the benefit which have the external effect. This study concentrated on the limit of the estimation the benefit on the Pre-feasibility study.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.539-561
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• 2017

In this study, the effects of initial damage of concrete columns on the post-repair performance of reinforced concrete (RC) columns strengthened with carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite are investigated experimentally. Four kinds of compression-damaged RC cylinders were reinforced using external CFRP composite wraps, and the stress-strain behavior of the composite/concrete system was investigated. These concrete cylinders were compressed to four pre-damaged states including low -level, medium -level, high -level and total damage states. The percentages of the stress levels of pre-damage were, respectively, 40, 60, 80, and 100% of that of the control RC cylinder. These damaged concrete cylinders simulate bridge piers or building columns subjected to different magnitudes of stress, or at various stages in long-term behavior. Experimental data, as well as a stress-strain model proposed for the behavior of damaged and undamaged concrete strengthened by external CFRP composite sheets are presented. The experimental data shows that external confinement of concrete by CFRP composite wrap significantly improves both compressive strength and ductility of concrete, though the improvement is inversely proportional to the initial degree of damage to the concrete. The failure modes of the composite/damaged concrete systems were examined to evaluate the benefit of this reinforcing methodology. Results predicted by the model showed very good agreement with those of the current experimental program.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.271-274
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• 2010

We examined the tunneling current behaviors of magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) cells utilizing conductive atomic force microscopy (AFM) interfaced with an external magnetic field generator. By introducing current through coils, a magnetic field was generated and then controlled by a current feedback circuit. This enabled the characterization of the tunneling current under various magnetic fields. The current-voltage (I-V) property was measured using a contact mode AFM with a metal coated conducting cantilever at a specific magnetic field intensity. The obtained magnetoresistance (MR) ratios of the MTJ cells were about 21% with no variation seen from the different sized MTJ cells; the value of resistance $\times$ area (RA) were 8.5 K-12.5 K $({\Omega}{\mu}m^2)$. Since scanning probe microscopy (SPM) performs an I-V behavior analysis of ultra small size without an extra electrode, we believe that this novel characterization method utilizing an SPM will give a great benefit in characterizing MTJ cells. This novel method gives us the possibility to measure the electrical properties of ultra small MTJ cells, namely below $0.1\;{\mu}m\;{\times}\;0.1\;{\mu}m$.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.207-232
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• 2008

As electronic commerce is growing to be a part of everyday business life for companies, enterprises are required to establish the appropriate strategy to effectively realize their business visions. The correct choice of strategy enables organizations to make efficient use of internal resources and adjust to the external environment, affecting their performance. The nature of the firms' strategy has been currently focused on the new business model such as e-commerce. In the beginning of e-commerce, the decreasing cost of business transactions was a major benefit affecting its success. However, e-commerce firms are currently facing new advanced information technology, various business models and serious competition. To deal with these new challenges, there is an increasing demand for right strategy direction to effectively and efficiently manage a corporation's internal resources and external environments that are related to electronic commerce. Moreover, it is necessary both to set up the feasible strategy direction and to evaluate its outcome. The purpose of this study attempts to provide appropriate e-commerce strategy, which is well matched with e-commerce performance, as the different strategies affect different results of e-commerce. On the basis of the results of this research, we can see that the strategies selected by e-commerce companies differ according to the e-commerce type and firm's size.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.117-124
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• 2018

For the effective removal of phosphorus in water, a novel type of composite was prepared by combining Poly Alumiun Chloride, widely used in sewage/wastewater treatment plants, and Humic Acid particles, which are known to have phosphorus removal ability, with CI. The surface of the ferromagnetic CI particles was oxidized and activated, and then PAC and HA were synthesized to finally produce CIPAC and CIHA. CIPAC and CIHA prepared by this study showed similar results to the phosphorus removal efficiencies of PAC and HA coagulants. The novel composite has a larger weight than the conventional coagulant, and the coagulated sludge precipitates rapidly. The sludge could be easily separated in a short time if the external magnetic field was given by the ferromagnetic force of CIPAC and CIHA prepared with CI as support. Therefore, it can be concluded that if phosphorus removal is carried out using CIPAC and CIHA prepared through this study with external magnetic field, the sedimentation rate will be much faster than that of conventional coagulant. Thus it is possible to obtain a high economic benefit in the sludge recovery part.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.213-233
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• 2002

Recently, a lot of companies intend to make spin-offs as the Internet usage is proliferating in the business area. A spin-off means a small but autonomous company which is thought to show higher profitability rather than it stays under the influence of a mother enterprise. To prove our hypotheses, we collected questionnaire data from 104 companies considering spin-offs. From experiments with Factor Analysis, we found that there exist four factors which decision-makers should consider before deciding spin-offs such as competence of unit, competence of mother company, competence of spin-off company, and support of mother company. After massive experiments with Regression Analysis we also found that there are significant three performance factors such as competence of unit, competence of spin-off company, and support of mother company. The survey also asked about three potential strategies that they may have been following for achieving business objectives: Cost leadership, Focus, and Differentiation, Six benefits factors emerged from this study: External competitiveness, Internal competency, Productivity, Change, Cost saving, and Improvement. External competitiveness was the most important benefit, and it predicted a Differentiation and Focus strategy. Productivity and Improvement also predicted a Differentiation strategy. External competitiveness, Change, and Cost saving predicted a Cost leadership strategy. However, organizations followed Differentiation and Focus strategies significantly more than Cost leadership. The assessment thus sheds light on the link between information strategy and spin off. We hope that based on our results, many companies considering a spin-off can make a right decision and expect higher performance in a turbulent business environment.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.205-209
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• 2012

In gastric adenocarcinoma, high rates of loco-regional recurrences have been reported even after complete resection, and various studies have been tried to find the role of postoperative adjuvant therapy. Among them, Intergroup 0116 trial was a landmark trial, and demonstrated the definite survival benefit in adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, compared with surgery alone. However, the INT 0116 trial had major limitation for global acceptance of the INT 0116 regimen as an adjuvant treatment modality because of the limited lymph node dissection. Lately, several randomized studies that were performed to patients with D2-dissected gastric cancer were published. This review summarizes the data about patterns of failure after surgical resection and the earlier prospective studies, including INT 0116 study. Author will introduce the latest studies, including ARTIST trial and discuss whether external beam radiotherapy should be applied to patients receiving extended lymph node dissection and adjuvant chemotherapy.