• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.4
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• pp.221-231
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• 1991

We have thought artistic charactics of modern form is abstract expression and purity and unity sight. Specially, modern sculpture form has strict geometrical form as showed in primitive art. In this circumstances, modern costume has stylized more artistic form in pure sight. Artistic characteristics showed in those collections are picturesque in material and sculpture in shillouette. Picturesque material pointed in decoretive function and simple shillouette pointed in sculpturesque body in modern costume.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.338-348
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• 2024

Airbrushes are being utilized in various industries due to their practicality and ability to express a wide range of designs. Especially in the field of body painting, they have become an essential tool for artists. Airbrushes enable precise color application, shaping, and gradient expression, thereby reducing work time, which has led to their increasing use in the field of body painting. This study aims to present the latest design trends in airbrush body painting by analyzing the design composition, color planning, blending, and expression techniques, focusing on award-winning works in the airbrush-exclusive category of internationally recognized World Bodypainting Festivals. The results are as follows. Firstly, in terms of design composition, emphasis and balance principles are primarily used. The main image is emphasized at the center of the upper body, while a balanced composition with left-right symmetry is observed in the lower body. Secondly, color planning and blending primarily utilize contrasting colors to enhance visibility. Thirdly, all major award-winning works utilize stencil and gradient techniques to accurately depict shapes and add dimension. Based on these analyses, body painting designs were planned and executed using airbrushes. Through such artwork production, the artistic utilization of airbrush body painting is aimed to be popularized, contributing to domestic research in the field of airbrush body painting.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.153-169
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• 2003

I think that apparel attaches importance to the degree of satisfaction of visual expression in one ornamental culture in which it is clothed on human body. whereas a tattoo attaches more importance to part of the expression of one's own identity in the same context. However. modern tattooing act was highlighted only as an element of act which was negative in the purpose and the degree of taste or which assumed the grotesque meaning of a particular group. away from pure concepts such as simple ornament or an amulet according to the flow of the world. A tattoo is gradually being seen as one of avant-garde methods of art again these days, and TATTOO LOOK is being popularized as street fashion as an effective method of one's own satisfied desires and peculiar expression of personality. I have got the following conclusions as the result of having studied on a tattoo which is establishing itself as another plastic art that is matchable with the fashion of dress and its ornaments in which human incessant instinctive desire for the ornament of body has been beyond nostalgia for the past and simple ornament which were pure in up-to-date modern society First, a tattoo is of personality. In that it solidifies one's own personality of another side by being transformed, one's own attraction can be transferred to a fashion tattoo with which one can emit one's own personality. Secondly. a tattoo is fashion. As a new body ornament called transformation by a tattoo was emerging, the fashionableness owned by a tattoo had in its area ample room for the fashionableness with which it can coexist with the culture of dress and its ornaments. Thirdly. a tattoo is popularized. TATTOO LOOK in which one's own satisfied desires and the expression of personality are properly applied is being recently transmitted easily everywhere in the world and popularized as street fashion. Fourthly, a tattoo is not depraved art. It's because of the point that a tattoo which had been recognized only as a decadent expression in which avant-garde elements of unknown nationality appeared mixed showed the possibility that it could establish itself as fashion art. If we go on studying and complementing the problems of individual sides about a tattoo also in the future, the infinite fashionableness for the elements called personality. sense and emotion owned by a tattoo suggested ample possibility as future industry to be highlighted.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.1085-1098
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• 2011

In the $21^{st}$ century, technology is a tool for the expansion of the five senses and physical ability that works as an element for posthuman identity. This study analyzes and theorizes on the characteristics of the posthuman body in fashion illustration. The method of this study analyzes documentaries about posthuman and fashion illustration. The results are as follow. Posthuman body types are classed as hybrid body, plastic surgery body, and digital body. The characteristics of the posthuman body are categorized as ultra- functional prosthetic, mythical undifferentiated, radical plastic surgery type and post-physical digitization type. The ultra-functional prosthetic type shows a restored body and upgraded functional body through a machine hybrid, cyborg suit and mannequin hybrid. It is a break from classical gender identity to form a nerve sense extension that displays physical and abstract power. The mythical undifferentiated type shows a therianthropic form, parts of an animal body, radical skin and gender bending. It represents the return to an undifferentiated world, the desire of a powerful being and the possibility of radical transformation. The radical plastic surgery type shows a photomontage of an ideal body, transgendered body, grotesque body marking, absence of partial or overall face organ and the expansion of abnormal body organs. It represents the expression of narcissism, unconscious desire, fantasy, fear and suggests an alternative ideality, sexual attachment and ambiguous gender identity. The post-physical digitization type shows an imperfect form or duplicated ego image through the omission of the body silhouette or detailed form, fragmented image using net, representative self like optical illusion using typography, an imperfect vague silhouette and immaterial body outline through the use of virtual light. It represents the lack of desire, narcissism, fluidity in a virtual space, the continued creation of a new self, ambiguous gender identity and the liberation of environment, sex, and race. Likewise, the posthuman in fashion illustration shows the absence of a species boundary, destruction of classical gender identity, a new personality and virtual self image.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2018

In this study, the behavior of the coupled mooring system and floating body is analyzed. The related works are introduced for the mooring analysis of the floating body. Equations motion are introduced for calculating mooring force connected with the floating body. For formulating the equations of motion, the concept of the constrained force is applied for compact expression of it. The input and output data of the module for calculating mooring force is defined. The static analysis and quasi-static analysis are performed. For the analysis, equilibrium equation for elastic catenary mooring line is used by employing finite element method, and the C# solver is developed in this research. The analysis results are validated by comparing with other research results.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.637-642
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• 2001

Hershel found out Infrared for the first time, in the Industrial Revolution the Infrared and FlR had been begun to use making products. FIR with low temperature can deeply penetrate on the human body composed things without troublesome. since FIR has effectively operated on the human body at low temperature (35-40$^{\circ}$C). When FIR penetrated on the human body, it would inhibit the abnormal genes and cells expression, and then information of DNA and RNA would be reexpressed for arranging DNA and RNA abnormal state. As FIR's receptors in the body, it colud be presumed that N-glycosyl linkage of purine and deoxyribose, RNA splicing process. and Heat shock protein. To radiate optimized FIR, in this study, we made the FIR radiation compound and instrument for unharming biological things. According to the results, the FIR radiation to E. coli., it did not induce genetic mutations and change the survival rate of E.coli.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.47-56
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to clarify how modern formative art reflects surrealism and propose a Art Make-up expressed based on the trend. The study also aims at demonstrating the part that the Make-up based on surrealism is also an artistic being keeping pace with the trend of art. For the purpose, the study reviewed related theoretical backgrounds and works as manufactured. Based on these theoretical backgrounds, the author anufactured works of his own, realizing the combination between theoretical and practical aspects. Those works were motivated from existing surrealistic paintings or otherwise made surrealistically through creation by the author for himself. The works included , (Work 2-MAGRITTE's Expression>, , , and . Results of the study, which were obtained through manufacturing the works, can be described as follows. First, senses of modern formation and line were emerged by applying the materials and images frequently shown in surrealistic paintings to human bodies. Second, characteristics of the Art Make-up for artistic image were revealed, not limited to colors, expressions, subjects, techniques and materials. Third, an unlimited, interesting expression of the Make-up using a variety of materials became possible by applying extremely subjective, surrealistic paintings and images in various ways. This paper proposed that the Make-up should be a artistic image itself, not as a secondary means for an obvious expression of personal beauty which has been maintained since the ancient times. The researcher tried to put the Art Make-up into our daily life by making creative works which viewed and psychologically enjoyed by people and by proposing the works as sort of image theme to the spectators.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.690-701
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• 2008

Fashion illustration as conversational pattern which is made up of human and daily story creates brand image and new cultural value in textile design. The purpose of this study is to analyze an expressive characteristics focused on human body in conversational pattern illustration. The method of this study was to analyze documentaries, fashion magazines and internet fashion web site. The results were as follows: The category of body expression was classified as the head, the bust, the whole body, and the others. Most of all, the head is higher frequency than any other part. The category of body type was classified as iconic reappearance and surreal fantasy. The former expressed gender images of woman and man in reality and showed high frequency of 90.41%. Above all, two types were to show the organic correlation between fashion illustration body and brand concept. The construction method of motif was classified as singleness of body, repetition of body, singleness of body and non-body mixed, and repetition of body and non-body mixed. The repetition of body showed low frequency and it was composed of regular repetition construction and irregular construction. The singleness of body and non-body mixed, showed the highest frequency and it was definitely to communicate fashion concept. In these days, conversational pattern illustration in modern fashion pattern strengthens brand identity and informs the fashion image as creative commercial art. And also, it satisfies cultural sensibility of consumer and categorizes public phenomenons in our times.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.477-482
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• 2001

Until now, it has not been well known for Far-infrared(FIR) how to affect to the human body. We introduced and presumed the mechanism of FIR based on molecular biology in this study, as below. The human body is composed of proteins which get easily changed by a thermal factor (about 42 $^{\circ}$C over). FIR with low temperature can deeply penetrate on the human body composed things without troublesome, since FIR has effectively operated on the human body at low temperature (35-40 $^{\circ}$C). When FIR penetrated on the human body, it would inhibit the abnormal genes and cells expression, and then information of DNA and RNA would be reexpressed for arranging DNA and RNA abnormal state. As FIR's receptors in the body, it colud be presumed that N-glycosyl linkage of purine and deoxyribose, RNA splicing process, and heat shock protein.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.505-510
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• 2013

Electroacupuncture (EA) is a modified form of acupuncture that utilizes electrical stimulation. We previously showed that EA stimulated rats were divided into responders that were sensitive to EA and non-responders that were insensitive to EA based on the tail flick latency (TFL) test. The dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) gene was more abundantly expressed in the hypothalamus of responder rats than non-responder rats. To determine whether overexpression of DBH gene expression in the hypothalamus modulate EA analgesia, we constructed a DBH encoding adenovirus and which was then injected into the hypothalamus of SD rats. Microinjection of DBH or control GFP virus into the hypothalamus had no changes on the basal pain threshold measured by a TFL test without EA treatment. However, the analgesic effect of EA was significantly enhanced from seven days after microinjection of the DBH virus, but not after injection of the control GFP virus. DBH expression was significantly higher in the hypothalamus of DBH virus injected rat than control GFP virus or PBS injected rats. Moreover, expression of the DBH gene did not affect the body core temperature, body weight, motor function or learning and memory ability. Although the functional role of DBH in the hypothalamus in the analgesic effect of EA remains unclear, our findings suggest that expression of the DBH gene in the hypothalamus promotes EA analgesia without obvious side-effects.