• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.1243-1252
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• 2021

Objective: An experiment was conducted to investigate the continuous and intermittent lighting program effects on terms of the productive performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical parameters, innate immune and oxidative status in broiler chicks. Methods: A total of 600 Cobb-500 one day old chicks were randomly allocated into six equal groups (100 chicks per treated group with five replicates of 20 chicks each) based on lighting program; 22 continuous lighting (22 C), 11 h lighting+1 darkness twice daily (11 L/1 D), 20 h continuous lighting (20 C), 5 h lighting+1 darkness four times daily (5 L/1 D), 18 h continuous lighting (18 C) and the final group subjected for 3 h lighting+1 h darkness six times daily (3 L/1 D). The experimental period lasted 42 days. Results: Compared with those under the intermittent light program, broiler chicks exposed to continuous lighting for 22 h had significant improvement in live body weight and carcass (dressing and breast percentage) measured traits. Though reducing lighting hours significantly reduced feed intake and feed conversion ratio values. Different lighting programs revealed no significant effect on all blood biochemical parameters. Oxidative stress and innate immunity parameters significantly enhance by reducing lighting hours (3L/1D). Conclusion: The findings suggest that reducing lighting hours up to 3L/1D would be more useful in enhancing feed efficiency, innate immunity, and oxidative status compared with continuous lighting programs on broilers.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify differences in health behavior, health-related quality of life, and depression between adult men and women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data were obtained from 1,927 men and 2,314 women aged 19 to 64 who participated in the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey in 2020. Data were analyzed using complex sample x² test, complex sample general linear model, and complex sample logistic regression. Results: During the pandemic, men drank more alcohol (OR=2.34, 95% CI: 1.89~2.91) and smoked more (OR=7.89, 95% CI: 6.16~10.09) than women. In addition, men were 2.45 times more exposed to second-hand smoke at the workplace (95% CI: 1.78~3.37) and 1.4 times more exposed in public places (95% CI: 1.12~1.77). The rate of muscle exercise was higher among men than women (OR=2.09, 95% CI: 1.76~2.49). No difference in health-related quality of life was observed between men and women (t=0.17, p=.78), but women had higher depression scores (t=-3.14, p=.002). Conclusion: Customized sex-specific interventions should be developed during the COVID-19 pandemic. This kind of infectious disease disaster requires plans designed to reduce alcohol intake and smoking among men and interventions aimed at increasing muscle exercise among women. Strategies should also be formulated to reduce depression among women.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.15-27
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• 1974

1972년 여름 이후 어류의 궤양성 질병이 각처에서 갑자기 발생하여 양어가들에게 많은 피해를 입히고 있다. 그래서 잉어의 궤양성 질병의 원인과 치료법을 밝히기 위해서, 1972년 8월부터 1973년 11월까시 잉어의 궤양에 대한 세균학적 조사 및 조직병리학적 조사를 하였고, 치료 실험을 하며 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 환부의 점액에서 병원성 세균인 Chodrococcus columnaris와 Aeromonas sp.를 검출했다. 2. 이 증세를 보면 비늘 밑에 출혈성 반점이 나타난 후, 진피가 붕괴되어 비늘이 탈락되고, 환부는 궤양을 형성하고 근육이 노출되었다. 지느러미의 침식은 선단부에서 시작되는 경우가 많으나 때로는 기부에서 부식되는 예도 볼 수 있었다. 아가미에서는 빈혈 증세가 나타난 후, 부분적으로 회백색을 띠고 그 부위의 조직이 붕괴되었다. 3. 피부 상피조직의 붕괴에 이어 진피가 노출되었으며 근육조직이 괴사되고 근섬유가 찢어지는 현상이 일어났다. 아가미 조직은 상피세포가 증식되고 새열이 유착되며 붕괴하였다. 그리고, 간의 지방변성과 괴사가 일어나는 조직의 병변을 볼 수 있었다. 4. 수온 $22\~25^{\circ}C$에서의 치료 결과는 다음과 같은 처방에 의한 것이 효과가 있었다. 혼합액 1. Aivet (HB-115.HCI) 0.3ppm Malachite green 0.2ppm Dipterex 0.4ppm 혼합액 2. Furanace(P-7138) 0.05ppm Malachite green 0.2ppm Dipterex 0.4ppm 그러나, 상기 혼합액일지라도 수온이 저하($13\~15^{\circ}C$)되니 효과가 없었다. 5. 치료된 궤양 환부는 상피세포 및 진피가 재생되고, 근섬유가 융합되었다.기에 뇌역의 4안점 중에서 양측 바깥쪽의 2안점이 퇴화되었다. 10. 저서초기유생은 S. ijimai가 P. obscurus 두 종류 모두 저질이 이토인 곳에서만 발견되었다.6\times10^3$ 및 $0.25\times10^3$, 카드뮴은 $0.11\~0.31ppm$ 및 0.18 ppm에 $0.61\times10^3\~1.7\times10^3$ 및 $1.0\times10^3$이고, 납은 $0.8\~2.2ppm$ 및 1.4 ppm에 $3.1\times10^3\~8.5\times10^3$ 및 $5.4\times10^3$, 구리는 $3.6\~13.1ppm$ 및 5.7 ppm에 $14.4\times10^3\~52.4\times10^3$ 및 $22.8\times10^3$이다. 7, 미역의 수은 카드뮴 및 납의 농축계수는 모자반의 약 3배가되고 구리의 그것은 오히려 모자반이 크다. (이 연구는 1973년도 문교부 연구조성비로 되었으며, 시료를 제공해 주신 해운대 김경재씨에 감사드립니다) 27.17mm(변태 후 40일)까지는 L=1.6864C-1.0387의 회귀 직선으로 표시되었고, 체중은 갑장 7.47mm부터 18.53mm까지(새끼 게 변태 후 23일)는 $W=9.367\times10^{-5}C^{3.5567}$였고, 갑장 22.11mm부터 27.17mm까지(새끼 게 변태 후 40일)는 $W=3.406\times10^{-5}C^{3.8571}$ 등의 지수 곡선으로 표시되었다. 식으로 표시되었고 해안 쪽의 포항산이 남해안산에 비하여 각장에

• 미생물학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2017

감마선, 전자빔 등과 같은 전리방사선과 자외선을 이용하는 물리적 멸균방법은 살균 효과와 경제성이 우수하므로 다양한 산업분야에서 사용되고 있으나, 미생물의 돌연변이를 유발하는 요인으로 작용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 전리방사선 및 자외선의 유전학적 안전성을 평가하기 위해서 Salmonella enterica와 Escherichia coli 균주에 자외선, 감마선, 전자빔을 조사한 후에 생존율, 돌연변이율, DNA 손상 효과를 조사하였다. 자외선, 감마선, 전자빔의 조사선량이 증가함에 따라 시험 균주의 생존율이 모두 급격히 감소하였으며, 90% 이상이 사멸되는 조사선량은 각각 $0.40{\sim}25.06mJ/cm^3$, 0.11~0.22 kGy, 0.14~0.53 kGy 이었다. SOS/umu-test에서는 자외선, 감마선, 전자빔에 노출된 모든 시료에서 DNA 손상을 유발하는 유전독성이 확인되었다. Ames test에서는 자외선과 감마선에 노출된 후에 복귀 돌연변이율이 각각 $3.82{\times}10^{-4}$, $9.84{\times}10^{-6}$까지 증가하였다. S. enterica TA100의 사멸율이 99.99% 이상 되는 선량의 자외선, 감마선, 전자빔에서의 복귀 돌연변이율은 각각 자연돌연변이율 대비 347배, 220배, 0.6배 증가하였다. E. coli CSH100 균주를 자외선, 감마선, 전자빔에 노출시킨뒤에 조사한 리팜피신내성 돌연변이율은 각각 $2.46{\times}10^{-6}$, $1.66{\times}10^{-6}$, $4.12{\times}10^{-7}$ 이었다. 따라서 사멸효과의 관점에서는 감마선 처리가 미생물 제어에 효과적이라 할 수 있으며, 전자빔은 DNA 손상과 세균돌연변이를 적게 유발하며 사멸효과를 얻는 장점이 있다고 생각된다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the sociocultural meanings of flapper look in American society during the 1920s. Using the ProQuest database, I searched articles from The New York Times published between 1920 and 1929 for opinions and discussions on the flapper look. Keywords included "clothing," "dress," "fashion," and "flapper," and advertisements and articles on menswear, leisurewear, and bathing suits were excluded. In the resulting articles, I extracted the following sociocultural meanings: autonomy, activeness, practicality, attractiveness, and extravagance. Meanings were analyzed from the opinions and discussions focusing on skirt length, dresses that directly and indirectly exposed the body, heavy make-up, non-constricting underwear, the H-line dress, bobbed hair, hygiene, comfort, and consumption. In sum, the 1920s flapper look represented progressive characteristics such as autonomous and active womanhood and practicality, which matched the technological development of the time. However, the flapper look was commercialized and exploited to make women look attractive and extravagant. Even though American women had access to higher education, more economic power, and suffrage in the 1920s, they were limited in their ability to overcome social conventions and the power of consumerism. Understanding the double-sidedness of flapper look within the social context of the time would enhance the comprehension of the relationship between women's lifestyles and changing fashion.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2017

Jellyfish (cnidarian) are conspicuous in many marine ecosystems when in bloom. Despite their importance for the ecosystem structure and function, very few sampling programs are dedicated to sample jellyfish because they are patchily distributed and easily clogged plankton net. Although satellite remote sensing is an excellent observing tool for many phenomena in the ocean, their uses for monitoring jellyfish are not possible due to the coarse spatial resolutions. Hence, we developed the low altitude remote sensing platform to detect jellyfish in high resolutions, which allow us to monitor not only horizontal, but also vertical migration of them. Using low altitude remote sensing platform,we measured the jellyfish from the pier at the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory in Chesapeake Bay. The patterns observed included discrete patches, in rows that were aligned with waves that propagated from deeper regions, and aggregation around physical objects. The corresponding areas of exposed jellyfish on the sea surface were $0.1{\times}10^4pixel^2$, $0.3{\times}10^4pixel^2$, and $2.75{\times}10^4pixel^2$, respectively. Thus, the research result suggested that the migration of the jellyfish was related to the physical forcing in the sea surface.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.295-306
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• 2015

Simulating natural leaching process for cementitious materials is essential to perform long-term safety assessments of repositories for nuclear waste. However, the current test methods in literature are time consuming, limited to crushed material and often produce small size samples which are not suitable for further testing. This paper presents the results from the study of the physical (gas permeability as well as chloride diffusion coefficient) and mechanical properties (tensile and compressive strength and elastic modulus) of solid cementitious specimens which have been depleted in calcium by the use of a newly developed method for accelerated calcium leaching of solid specimens of flexible size. The results show that up to 4 times increase in capillary water absorption, 10 times higher gas permeability and at least 3 times higher chloride diffusion rate, is expected due to complete leaching of the Portlandite. This coincides with a 70 % decrease in mechanical strength and more than 40 % decrease in elastic modulus.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.619-625
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• 2012

Since the fuel is always exposed to turbulent flow, the grid strap shows flow induced vibration characteristics that impact on the nuclear fuel soundness. The dynamic behavior of grids in nuclear fuels is quite complex, since two pairs of spring and dimple support are contacted with rods by friction in the limited space. This paper focuses on investigation of the grid strap(test fuel strap, TFS) vibration in one cell. TFS consists of a single spring and double dimples. To identify the grid strap vibration, modal analysis of the strap is performed using finite element method(FEM). Modal testing on a $5{\times}5$ grid structure without rods is performed. The modal testing results are compared to analytic results. In addition, random test considering rod effect is performed about a $5{\times}5$ grid with rods under real contact condition in the air. Finally, the strap vibration of a $5{\times}5$ fuel bundle in investigation of flow induced vibration(INFINIT) facility is measured in real fluid velocity condition without heating. It is shown that modal frequencies from the test are almost equal to those peak frequencies in the INFINIT test.

• 치과방사선
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.309-318
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• 1995

In head and neck region, the critical organ and tissue doses were determined, and the risks were estimated from lateral, posteroanterial and basilar cephalometric radiography. For each cephalometric radiography, 31 TLDs were placed in selected sites(18 internal and 13 external sites) in a tissue-equivalent phantom and exposed, then read-out in the TLD reader. The results were as follows: 1. From lateral cephalometric radiography, the highest effective dose recorded was that delivered to the salivary gland(3.6pSv) and the next highest dose was that received by the bone marrow(3pSv). 2. From posteroanterial cephalometric radiography, the highest effective dose recorded was that delivered to the salivary gland(2pSv) and the next highest dose was that received by the bone marrow(1.8pSv). 3. From basilar cephalometric radiography, the highest effective dose recorded was that delivered to the thyroid gland(31A p Sv) and the next highest dose was that received by the salivary gland(13.3 p Sv). 4. The probabilities of stochastic effect from lateral, posteroanterial and basilar cephalometric radiography were $0.72{\times}10^{-6}$, $0.49{\times}10^{-6}$ and $3.51{\times}10^{-6}$, respectively

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2016

When excavation under existing structure is planned for a new construction project, the underpinning method is one of the most applicable construction methods. This study introduces a new modified underpinning method which is applied to construct a new subway line in Seoul Metropolitan. The new subway line was designed to pass underneath the existing subway line. Existing subway line carries about 2 million passengers daily, which is 33% of total passengers using subway in Seoul, and is the only circulation line in Seoul. Subway trains are passing 540 times through this section in a day. By applying a new underpinning method, the subway box structure of line is exposed 54m in the air supported by bearing piles. The proposed method was carefully monitored using heavy instrumentation system during construction. This study proposed and verified the application of the modified underpinning method, which can reduce construction period by 1.5 times and the construction cost by 1.2 times comparing with conventional method. The importance of considering construction sequence is investigated and verified by analyzed data non-considering construction sequence. The unexpected heaving which can bring up a dangerous situation for train running stability were measured, so this study shows that the upward movement has to be analyzed in designing process. As the use of underground space increases, the proposed method can be a good example of underground development.