• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 2017

Even if several chemical accident prevention systems such as PSM(Process Safety Management), RMP(Risk Management Plan), etc. have been carried out, many chemical accidents have still occurred at industrial plants in Korea. We describe the status of chemical industry and the trend of occurrence of chemical accidents in Korea. And this paper analyzes the recent chemical accidents in eight ways. These ways include chemical accident forms, ignition sources, sources of chemical equipment, human vs equipment/material causes, worker's working situation, employee scale, hazardous substances, week & time, fatalities of manufacture & contractor's workers. Finally we proposes the four representative prevention measures brought to result of cause analysis by accident statistics.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.120-125
• /
• 2003

This research analyzes blasting accident cause that is happening construction and engineering works spot taking advantage of AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) techniques as metrical. Result that apply AHP with blasting accident that is happened the South Korea and Japan, appeared by thing which relative importance by human cause is highest. Specially, it is observance of safety rule that dominate the highest ratio among of human cause, and if observe a little, causes that prevention is possible are much. By result of this research, necessity of safety education is important first of all for prevention of blasting accident. Also, thorough safety control plan of during work and enough on-the-slut probe before work should be established. Because explosives uses gunpowder and explosive high energy, work by qualified person is essential. Ant it may become help to minimize dissipation of important life and property preventing beforehand explosion accident of gunpowder.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.131-140
• /
• 2003

An accident involving a boiler can result in a disaster since it handles high-pressurized steam so that it may cause an explosion. Therefore, the boiler is very susceptible to industrial accidents. This thesis aimed to develop counter-plans to prevent industrial accidents involved the boiler. At first after collecting accident cases involving boilers, a survey on the trait of them was carried out. Ant on the other hand a qualitative analysis was conducted to draw out hazardous components in the boiler itself and their inherent relative importance was assessed. Through this procedure, 'negligence of unsafe condition' was noted as the major cause for unsafe acts whereas 'fault in work procedure' for unsafe condition. In the meanwhile, results of a hazard analysis using FMEA technique ranked gas safety devices, a switch preventing gas from under-pressurization, protect relays high. In particular, it was pointed out that the water feeding and steam subsystem has more components in hazard than other subsystems. Considering these analyses results, counter-plans to improve safety management was suggested also.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.165-173
• /
• 2016

2011년 3월 11일 리히터 스케일 9.0의 강진과 10-14m파도로 인해 Fukushima Daiichi(FD) 원자력 단지의 주전력과 보조전력이 끊어져 냉각장치가 작동하지 않았고 노심의 열이 제거되지 못해 폭발이 일어나는 사고가 발생했다. 노심의 열이 제거되지 못하면 핵연료 피복재인 지르칼로이(zircaloy)와 같은 금속이 고온 상태에서 수증기와 산화 반응하여 수소를 발생시킨다. 발생된 수소는 격납건물로 방출되는데 방출된 수소가 연소하는 경우 격납건물의 안정성에 영향을 줄 정도의 큰 충격을 유발할 수 있는 수소폭발로 이어질 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 격납건물 내부의 수소 분포를 분석한 연구 [1]에서 제시한 폭발의 위해도가 높은 영역에 대하여 폭발해석을 수행하였으며 수소 폭발이 격납건물의 건전성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석하였다. 격납건물 중앙부를 제외하고 수소폭발이 발생하였고 상부에 전체 수소의 40%이상이 모였을 때와 하부 좌측, 우측의 격벽사이에 수소가 모였을 때 큰 폭발이 발생했으며 격납건물 벽면에 큰 응력을 동반하였다.

• 화약ㆍ발파
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.26-34
• /
• 2018

인화성 물질을 보유하고 있는 시설물에서 인화성 물질이 유출되어 형성된 증기운의 폭발이 국내와 해외에서 자주 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 증기운 폭발에 따른 폭풍 효과를 모사하기 위해서 TNT 등가법과 다중에너지법을 적용하였다. TNT 등가법은 단순하고 직접적인 적용이 가능하기 때문에 증기운 폭발을 해석하기 위해서 지금까지 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나 TNT 등가법은 증기운 폭발로부터 발생하는 연소에너지와 이를 TNT 등가량으로 환산하는데 필요한 적절한 상관관계를 선택하는 것이 어렵다는 근본적인 단점을 가지고 있다. 다중에너지법에서는 증기운 폭발의 강도가 증기운이 확산되는 지역에서의 확산 경로의 레이아웃에 따라 달라진다고 가정한다. 즉 증기운의 잠재적 폭발력은 혼잡지역의 혼잡정도에 따라 달라진다. 본 연구에서는 TNT 등가법과 다중에너지법의 적용성을 평가하기 위해서 Flixborough 폭발사고를 사례연구로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 TNT 등가계수와 폭발강도계수를 현장상황에 맞게 적절히 선택하는 경우 TNT 등가법과 다중에너지법은 증기운 폭발 사고를 분석하는데 적합할 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2019

The characteristic of fire and explosion related to electrostatic discharge is that it is difficult to reproduce the electrostatic charge and discharge phenomenon in addition to the large human and material damage. Therefore, in order to prevent accidents and disasters related to electrostatic in fire and explosion hazard areas, it is important to manage the level of electrostatic in a safe manner from the perspective of system between industrial facilities and human bodies. Rule 325 of the Occupational Safety and Health Regulations, "Prevention of Fire / Explosion due to Electrostatic", requires the use of grounding, conductive materials, humidification and electrification in order to prevent the risk of disaster caused by static explosion and electrostatic in the production process. In order to comply with these measures, related technologies, standards and systems are needed from the viewpoint of preventive measures related to electrostatic in fire and explosion hazard areas, but in Korea, it is still insufficient. Therefore, technical, institutional and managerial measures are needed as a precautionary measure to improve the level of ESD safety in fire and explosion hazard areas and prevent electrostatic related injury. In Korea, we analyzed the current status and characteristics of electrostatic related disaster by using the statistics of industrial accident and fire statistics of the Ministry of Employment and Labor. We also analyzed the current status and characteristics of electrostatic related disasters in Japan using JNIOSH accidents and disasters investigation cases and JNIOSH fire accident data of Japan Fire Bureau. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the current status of electrostatic related accidents and disasters in Korea and Japan in order to improve the safety management of electrostatic in fire and explosion hazard areas. In order to prevent accidents and disasters in the industrial field, The technical, institutional, and managerial measures to manage the level of electrostatic in a safe state were derived from the system point of view.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.60-66
• /
• 2014

Depending on the progress of the industrial advances, the use of the thermal oil system in the utility system has been increased, which became an important part in the operation of the plant. However, fire or explosion have occurred due to lack of risk awareness and safety management, more frequently than we know. In this study, by using a questionnaire, actual conditions of safety management in thermal oil system is surveyed and analyzed, it is composed of general, a safety status of the thermal oil system component and the stage of recognition and management in the thermal oil system. These results of this study can be used as basic data to the safety management and the accident prevention of fire or explosion in the workplace.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국산학기술학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표논문집
• /
• pp.42-45
• /
• 2007

This paper is estimation of structure damage caused by VCE(Vapor Cloud Explosion) in enclosure. As we estimate the influence of damage which occur at gas facility in factory. We can utilize it the elementary data of safety distance. In this study, the influence of explosion over-pressure caused by VCE in enclosure was calculated by using the Hopkinson's scaling law and the accident damage was estimated by applying the influence on the adjacent structure into the probit model. As a result of the damage estimation conducted by using the probit model, both the damage possibility of explosion overpressure to structures 20 meters away and that of overpressure to glass bursting 80m meters away showed nothing.

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2013

LPG 충전소에서 발생하는 폭발의 피해를 Hopkinson의 삼승근법을 이용하여 계산하고, 건물과 인체에 미치는 영향을 프로빗 모델에 적용하여 피해예측을 평가하였다. 현재 국내에서 가장 많이 운용하는 20ton 저장탱크를 대상으로 누출량 10%를 프로빗 모델에 적용하여 계산하면 LPG 충전소에서의 안전거리는 각각 건물(손상)은 260m 이며, 인체(폐출혈 사망)는 30m이다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.121-136
• /
• 2005

Most human-error case of accident database is written by various description and expression because accident database is produced by two or more person. And extracted information by searching of database varies in researcher's judgment criteria and the capability. Furthermore, much time and effort are required to examine manually information related to the human error from each accident case. Accordingly, it is difficult to explore objectively the accidents relevant to the human-error from the accident data base which is accumulated enormously. In this study, to solve these problems, it was developed an searchig method which is not influenced by researcher's judgment criteria and capability. For this, human-error keywords were extracted from a Japanese-English dictionary to examine objectively the accident case related to human-error in data base. This searching method by the human-error keywords can be applicable in most accident databases, although a database will be accumulated in future. Also, using the searching technique of this research, knowledge obtained by searching result can be compared with other research's results by the same method. Although the number of accident case increasese, searching results from database have the objectivity because it is not necessary to modify the based searching method or change the human-error keywords. However, as subject of future investigation, it would be necessary that the extension and investigation on human-error keywords improve and the technique to enhance searching accuracy would be modified.