• 간호행정학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.419-437
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• 1998

Nurses use a nursing process. that is a scientific approach method. in order to understand the clients' condition and to solve their problems. Professional nurses have accepted the nursing process as a standard framework for nursing activities, and the first step of the nursing process is nursing assessment. The purpose of this study was to develop a nursing assessment tool for emergency patients. Assessment is a first step in the nursing process, and scientific assessment helps to better understand the patients. Thus the development of an assessment tool for emergency patients will improve of nursing quality and advance to efficacy of emergency room(ER) management. The study involved the development of a conceptual framework, preliminary tool, content validity verification process. and reliability verification process. The conceptual framework was developed through a review of the literature. and preliminary tool was developed from the conceptual framework that based on care flow sheet' developed James A. Haley. The preliminary tool was evaluated for validity and reliability by seven experts, one ER nurse manager, two ER head nurses, two emergency medicine doctors. and two ER charge nurses and by ten nurses with one to five year careers in ER nursing. The results of this study was as follows 1. The conceptual framework which was developed was composed of three parts. They were triage criteria, first assessment and secondary assessment. 2. The preliminary tool which was developed had 31 items based on the conceptual framework. 3. To test expert validity a 4-point scale was used. items which had gained 3-4 points from six persons of the seven experts were selected. All 31 items from the preliminary tool were selected. 4. The reliability test was done by ten nurses educated in the use of the assessment tool. Two pairs of nurses simultaneously assessed the same patients. A total agreement percentile was calculated and result was 87.3% agreement. 5. After the validity and reliability testing. the final emergency patient nursing assessment tool was finalized with 31 items. and a check-list for the responses. This study concludes that the tool which was developed is both valid and reliable will advance quality care for emergency patients. This emergency nursing assessment tool was also found to be an adequate tool for assessment of emergency patients.

• 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지능정보시스템학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.338-346
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• 2003

Information Technology (IT) and the internet have been major drivers the changes in all aspects of the business processes and activities. They have brought major changes to the financial statements audit environment as well, which in turn has required modifications in audit procedures. There exist, however, certain difficulties with current audit procedures especially for the assessment of the level of control risk. This assessment is primarily based on the auditors' professional judgment and experiences, not based on the objective hies or criteria. To overcome these difficulties, this paper proposes a prototype decision support model named CRAS-CBR using case based reasoning (CBR) to support auditors in making their professional judgment on the assessment of the level of control risk of the general accounting system in the manufacturing industry. To validate the performance, we compare our proposed model with benchmark performances in terms of classification accuracy for the level of control risk. Our experimental results showed CRAS-CBR outperforms a statistical model (MDA) and staff auditor performance in average hit ratio.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.30-41
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of the work is to develop a system that allows processing of information for analysis and industrial risk management, to monitor the level of industrial safety and to perform necessary measures aimed at the prevention of accidents, casualties, and development of professional diseases for effective management of industrial safety at hazardous industrial sites. Methods: Risk assessment of accidents and incidents is based on expert evaluations. Based on the lists of criteria parameters and their possible values, provided by the experts, a unified information and analytical database is compiled, which is included in the final interrogation questionnaires. Risk assessment of industrial injuries and occupational diseases is based on statistical methods. Results: The result of the research is the creation of Guidelines for risk management on hazardous industrial sites of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The Guidelines determine the directions and methods of complex assessment of the state of industrial safety and labor protection and they could be applied as methodological basis at the development of preventive measures for emergencies, casualties, and incidents at hazardous industrial sites. Conclusion: Implementation of the information-analytical system of risk level assessment allows to analyze the state of risk of a possible accident at industrial sites, make valid management decisions aimed at the prevention of emergencies, and monitor the effectiveness of accident prevention measures.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.179-188
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a valid Adult Fall Assessment Scale Korean version (FAS-K) for inpatients in general hospitals in Korea. Methods: This a 14 item FAS-K was developed based on a review of national and international research and expert opinions in related field. Interrater reliability of FAS-K was analyzed using the ICC (Intraclass Correlation Coefficients). To examine the validity of FAS-K, a CVI (Content Validity Index), the Pearson correlation coefficients between FAS-K and two widely used scales, the Morse Fall Scale (MFS) and the Johns Hopkins Hospital Fall Risk Assessment Tool (JHFRAT), and the Mann-Whitney test were used. Results: The ICC was .958. The CVI ranged from .70 to 1.00. The FAS-K was significantly associated with the MFS (r=.74, p<.001) and with the JHFRAT (r=.87, p<.001), verifying the concurrent validity of FAS-K. As for the construct validity of FAS-K, significant differences between the fall and non-fall groups were found not only in the MFS (Z=-3.23, p=.001) but also in the FAS-K (Z=-3.10, p=.002). Conclusion: The findings indicate that the FAS-K is a reliable fall risk assessment tool with high validity.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.255-262
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• 2016

본 연구는 Computational Thinking 역량을 효과적으로 평가하기 위한 서술형 수행평가 방법에 관한 내용이다. 제안된 서술형 수행평가도구는 MIT에서 제시한 창의컴퓨팅 평가 문항들을 델파이 기법을 통해 조사한 후 문항을 선별 및 수정하였다. 이 서술형 수행평가 도구는 실험하기 및 반복하기, 테스팅과 디버깅, 재사용과 재구성, 추상화와 모듈화의 4가지 영역으로 구성되어 총 4문항으로 개발하여 예비교사를 대상으로 수업에 적용하였다. 적용결과 평가 도구는 $Cronbach-{\alpha}$값이 0.6 이상으로 신뢰도가 높았으며 전문가 대상의 델파이 검사 결과 타당도도 높게 나타나 제안된 평가 도구가 학생들의 CT 역량을 효과적으로 측정하는 유용한 평가 도구로 확인되었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.120-130
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• 2023

본 연구의 목적은 근린공원 서비스의 질적 수준을 평가하기 위한 공원성능평가도구(Park Performance Assessment Tool, PPAT)를 개발하는 것이다. 공원성능평가도구(PPAT) 개발 과정은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 국내·외 공원성능평가도구(PPAT) 관련 사례 분석을 통해 평가항목 풀을 구성하였다. 둘째, 전문가 자문회의 및 시범 평가를 통해 국내 공원 여건에 적합한 평가항목으로 정제하였다. 셋째, 시범 평가를 통한 공원성능평가도구(PPAT)의 신뢰도를 검증하였다. 넷째, 전문가 설문조사와 AHP 분석을 통해 평가항목별 가중치를 도출하였다. 다섯째, 공원성능평가도구(PPAT) 평가표와 평가 가이드라인을 작성하였다. 공원성능평가도구(PPAT)를 인천광역시 부평구의 22개 근린공원에 적용하여 물리적 공간 환경의 품질을 평가하였다. 평가 결과, 공원 서비스 개선이 필요한 열악한 질의 근린공원이 다수 발견되었다. 공원성능평가도구(PPAT)는 공원녹지기본계획 수립, 공원 정비사업 우선순위와 사업추진방식 선정, 우수 공원 인증 등에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2022

Background: This study aims to derive the characteristics of each work type for industrial radiography based on empirical evidence through expert advice and a survey of radiation workers of various types of industrial radiography. Materials and Methods: According to a Korean report, work types of industrial radiography are classified into indoor tests, underground pipe tests, tests in a shielded room (radiographic testing [RT] room test), outdoor field tests, and outdoor large structure tests. For each work type, exposure geometry and radiation sources were mainly identified through the expert advice and workers' survey as reliable empirical evidence. Results and Discussion: The expert advice and survey results were consistent as the proportion of the work types were high in the order of RT room test, outdoor large structure test, underground pipe test, outdoor field test, and indoor test. The outdoor large structure test is the highest exposure risk work type in the industrial radiography. In most types of industrial radiography, radiation workers generally used ¹⁹²Ir as the main source. In the results of the survey, the portion of sources was high in the order of ¹⁹²Ir, X-ray generator, ⁶⁰Co, and ⁷⁵Se. As the exposure geometry, the antero-posterior geometry is dominant, and the rotational and isotropic geometry should be also considered with the work type. Conclusion: In this study, through expert advice and a survey, the external exposure characteristics for each work type of industrial radiography workers were derived. This information will be used in the reconstruction of organ dose for health effects assessment of Korean radiation workers.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2007

Objectives: In this paper, the survey on internet usage patterns of health consumers was conducted and analyzed in order to determine internet health information assessment criteria for providing correct consumer health information on web-sites. Methods: By using a survey questionnaire with 16 questions on general information and 20 questions on internet health information, data were collected from September 16 to 25, 2005 from 476 participants through an internet web site, http://www.hp.go.kr. Frequency analysis, t-test, and multiple regression were used in order to analyze the difference in assessment criteria, factors influencing assessment criteria, factors influencing user satisfaction, etc. Results: General characteristics of the study population were: the persons over age 40 were the smallest age group; women were accounted for 74.2%; and the persons with average income were the largest income group; and the persons with average health status were the largest health group. Most widely used health information were: exercise, disease, and diet, in order. There was significant difference(p=.001) in importance of assessment criteria between the persons in medical institutions and the persons not in medical institutions. There was no significant difference in other assessment criteria. We also found that contents of websites and easy to use were more important factors than elucidation of information providers and information sources including speciality of information in quality assessment criteria of internet health information. Discussion and Conclusion: Results of this paper were compared with the previous studies from the literatures. Contrary to the previous studies in the literature, there was significant difference in importance of assessment criteria between the persons in medical institutions and the persons not in medical institutions. In order to apply the study results to develop health contents for consumer, there is a need for further upgrade the proposed assessment criteria based on expert opinion.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.719-728
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• 2023

연구목적: 이동식크레인은 높은 사망률에 기여하는 기계로 최근 6년간(2016~2021) 사고사망사례 중 건설업 2,574건을 분석한 고위험요인(SIF)정보에서 이동식크레인의 사고는 총 61건의 재해가 발생하였다. 현장의 안전대책에도 불구하고 제대로 활용이 안되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 표준 리스크 평가 지수를 제시하여 사고예방에 기여하고자 한다. 연구방법: 전문가 면담과 사망사고 사례분석, 현장실태분석, 문헌조사를 통해 위험성평가의 4M방식의 표준 리스크 평가 지수 방법을 제시하고자 한다. 연구결과: 현장 8개현장 위험성평가를 분석한 결과 재해예방에 실질적인 기여를 할 수 없다는 결론을 얻었으며, 표준 리스크 평가 지수 방식의 개선방안으로 적용하여야 한다. 결론: 건설현장에서 표준 리스크 평가 지수방식으로 전환함으로써 안전보건관계자 및 근로자가 쉽게 이용할 수 있고 재해감소에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 제안한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권1호
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• pp.111-124
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• 2010

본 연구는 자연휴양림 유형별 적정입지선정 평가모형을 개발하고, 그 모형을 자연휴양림 예정지에 적용하여 활용 가능성을 모색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 델파이 전문가 설문조사와 계층화분석법(AHP)을 이용한 평가준거의 선정, 자연휴양림 유형화 및 유형별 적정입지선정 평가모형 개발, 모형적용 단계의 순으로 연구를 수행하였다. 먼저, 자연휴양림 유형화 및 적정입지선정을 위한 평가준거(Criteria)를 구안하고, 2차에 걸친 델파이조사에 의한 타당화 과정을 거쳐 2개 평가영역(Categories) - 6개 평가항목(Items) - 12개 평가지표(Indicators)의 위계를 가진 평가준거를 선정하였다. 제3차 델파이조사에서는 계층화분석과정(AHP)을 통하여 자연휴양림 유형화를 위한 평가준거의 가중치를 산정하고, 2개의 평가영역(자원성과 이용성)을 중첩하여 자연휴양림을 4개의 유형으로 구분할 것을 제안하였다. 이어 제4차 델파이조사의 계층화분석과정(AHP)을 거쳐 산정한 유형별 평가준거의 가중치를 활용하여 자연휴양림 유형별 적정입지선정 평가모형을 개발하고 자연휴양림 입지예정지에 적용하였다. 적용 결과 휴양림 이용성은 수도권과의 거리에 의해 가장 크게 영향을 받으며, 휴양림의 입지가 수도권에서 가까울수록 유리하다는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 유형별로 자연휴양림을 지정할 때 활용될 수 있을 것이다.