• 대한치과기공학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.21-26
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Standards of alloy for porcelain fused to metal crown be classified by metallic factor and biological factor. Metallic factors consist of stability of alloy composition and mechanical strength and surface characteristics for chemical bond. Biological factors be considered properties of metallic elements and problems originated by toxicity and hypersensitive reaction. Alloys considered such controversial points are the most suitable alloy for dental instrument. Method: Alloys added Be and Nb using Ni-Cr alloy which has been widely used for dental instrument be selected and classified experimental group. Non-addition Be and Nb to Ni-Cr alloy classify control group and addition Be alloy is Be-experimental group, addition Nb alloy is Nb-experimental group. Specimens for cytotoxicity analysis gave effect to washing and sterilization. and then made an experiment on elution with cell medium after disinfection. It conducted specimens within cell medium with 24hours, 48hours, 72hours, respectively. It cultured human dermal fibroblast(HDF) using cell medium for cytotoxicity test and then investigated elution rate through spectroscopic analysis by MTT-assay. Result: As results of cytotoxicity test by MTT-assay, cultured cell rate of VII measured more low numerical value within elution medium for 24hours focused on control group. Also, cultured cell rate of K3 alloys observed low value for 48hours, 72hours than value of control group. Conclusion: According to final result that synthesize above results, Ni-Cr alloy added Be and Ni has little difference in Cytotoxicity by MTT-assay.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.159-176
• /
• 2003

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the antioxidant activities of Alismatis Rhizoma herbal acupuncture by experimental methods. Methods : For this purpose, first, we put an emphasis in the control of enzymes of the antioxidant system in various changes inside the cell; these changes caused by the proliferation or the activation of the cell which were brought about by the handling of PMA and $TNF-{\alpha}$ into the THP-1 monocyte cell of the body each other. After that, we caused the acute oxidant symptom by the injection of AAPH into the mouse' abdominal cavity, and then applied the herbal acupuncture on S36 point(足三里), and finally, we measured the change of blood ingredient and the resistance against the activated oxygen of the red blood cell membrane, MDA, SOD, and catalase. Results : In vitro the revelation of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-8, $TNF-{\alpha}$, NOS II and IL-6 were decreased and the revelation of IL-10, $TGF-{\beta}$, GM-CSFIL-12, GM-CSF and SOD were increased. The DNA-binding of $NF-{\kappa}B$ and AP-1 were activated and the formation of ROS in the THP-1 cell line was decreased. In vivo $IL-1{\beta}$ among producing the cytokine inside the plasma was meaningfully dwindled and the $INF-{\gamma}$ was meaningfully increased. The resistance of red blood cell membrane against the activated oxygen was meaningfully increased and the MDA formation was meaningfully dwindled, In the activation of hepatic antioxidase, the SOD was meaningfully increased. Conclusion : Alismatis Rhizoma herbal acupuncture by experimental methods has effected on the antioxidant activities.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.14.1-14.26
• /
• 2024

The inflammatory response during cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) involves immune and non-immune cell cooperation to contain and eliminate Leishmania parasites. The orchestration of these responses is coordinated primarily by CD4⁺ T cells; however, the disease outcome depends on the Th cell predominant phenotype. Although Th1 and Th2 phenotypes are the most addressed as steers for the resolution or perpetuation of the disease, Th17 cell activities, especially IL-17 release, are recognized to be vital during CL development. Th17 cells perform vital functions during both acute and chronic phases of CL. Overall, Th17 cells induce the migration of phagocytes (neutrophils, macrophages) to the infection site and CD8⁺ T cells and NK cell activation. They also provoke granzyme and perforin secretion from CD8⁺ T cells, macrophage differentiation towards an M2 phenotype, and expansion of B and Treg cells. Likewise, immune cells from the inflammatory infiltrate have modulatory activities over Th17 cells involving their differentiation from naive CD4⁺ T cells and further expansion by generating a microenvironment rich in optimal cytokines such as IL-1β, TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-21. Th17 cell activities and synergies are crucial for the resistance of the infection during the early and acute stages; however, if unchecked, Th17 cells might lead to a chronic stage. This review discusses the synergies between Th17 cells and the inflammatory infiltrate and how these interactions might destine the course of CL.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.195-198
• /
• 1974

The purpose of this study is to obtain the histopathological change of dentin and pulp when the prepared cavity is exposed to oral fluid without protection. The results were as follows: 1. Hyperemia of pulp blood vessel and round cell infiltration in odontoblast layer observed on the one week experimental dogs. 2. Marked edematous change, round cell infiltration, fibrotic change and prolif eration of collagenous fiber showed on the 8 week experimental dogs. 3. Prepared cavity should be protected by the biologically accepted lining mater ials regardless of cavity depth.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제9권6호
• /
• pp.857-863
• /
• 1998

Beer의 법칙을 이용하여 lysozyme-M. lysodeikticus cell의 용해반응속도 및 lysozyme의 활성을 측정할 수 있는 간단하고 새로운 실험방법을 제시하였다. M.lysodeikticus cell의 농도에 따라 용액의 UV 투과도를 측정하였으며 이것은 Beer의 법칙에 따르는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 용액 내의 lysozyme 농도 및 용해반응에 의해 생성되는 생성물은 UV 투과도에 전혀 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 실험적으로 증명되었다. 따라서 lysozyme의 용해반응이 진행되는 동안 용액내에 존재하는 M. lysodeikticus cell의 농도는 UV-분광광도계를 이용하여 in-situ로 측정될 수 있었다. 이렇게 얻어진 M. lysodeikticus cell의 농도변화를 Michaelis-Menten식을 이용하여 lysozyme-M. lysodeikticus cell의 용해 반응속도 상수들을 결정하였다. 최대반응속도상수 $k_3$은 약 $0.1734sec^{-1}$로 나타났으며 Michaelis-Menten 상수는 약 $9.83{\times}10^{-6}M$으로 나타났다. Lysozyme의 용해반응속도가 활성에 의존하므로 이와 같은 측정을 통해 lysozyme의 활성도도 측정할 수 있었다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.89-99
• /
• 2020

PURPOSE. The effects of four different self-adhesive resin cement materials on cell viability and apoptosis after direct and indirect exposure were evaluated using different cell culture techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Self-adhesive cements were applied to NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblasts by the extract test method, cell culture inserts, and dentin barrier test method. After exposure periods of 24 h and 72 h, the cytotoxicity of these self-adhesive materials was evaluated using the MTT assay (viability) and the Annexin-V-FITC/PI staining (apoptosis). RESULTS. The lowest cell viability was found in cells exposed to BeautiCem SA for 24 h in the extract test method. Cell viability was reduced to 70.6% compared to negative controls. After the 72 h exposure period, viability rate of cell cultures exposed to BeautiCem SA decreased more than 2- fold (29.5%) while cells exposed to RelyX U200 showed the highest viability rate of 71.4%. In the dentin barrier test method, BeautiCem SA induced the highest number of cells in apoptosis after a 24 h exposure (4.1%). Panavia SA Cement Plus was the material that caused the lowest number of cells in apoptosis (1.5%). CONCLUSION. The used self-adhesive cements have showed different cytotoxic effects based on the evaluation method. As exposure time increased, the materials showed more cytotoxic and apoptotic effects. BeautiCem SA caused significantly more severe cytotoxic and apoptotic effects than other cements tested. Moreover, cements other than BeautiCem SA have caused necrotic cell death rather than apoptotic cell death.

• 대한한방종양학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.89-110
• /
• 1998

Yookmijihwangtang has been widely used oriental herb prescriptions, which is healing some discuss that come from insufficiency of innate essence and deficiency of kidney Ki. The meaning of healing discusses tonification of insufficient innate essence and insufficient kidney Ki can be regarded as reinforcement of wholely power of keeping homeostasis, that is correlated with immuno-responsibility which protects subject from outer antigen to keep normal vital condition. This study was aimed to investigate correlative effects of Yookmijihwangtang water abstract on the RBC, WBC, blood CD4+ T helper cell count, blood testosterone, blood cAMP and blood cortisol. 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 5 groups(Normal, Control, Sample I, Sample II, Sample III), 6 animals in every group. Normal group was not treated anything, control group was administrated normal saline in the same dosage of Sample I. 3 Sample groups were received some of Yookmijihwangtang water abstract at one time per 24 hours during 5 days in different dosage. Sample I(1/310pack/ml), Sample II(1/62pack/ml), Sample III(1/2.4pack/ml). After finishing treatment, all experimental subjects were killed for blood sample on RBC, WBC, blood CD4+ T helper cell count, spleen CD4+ T helper cell count, axillary lymph node CD4+ T helper cell count. blood cAMP, blood testosterone and blood cortisol. The results were as follows; RBC and WBC were increased in all sample groups. Blood CD4+ T helper cell count(CD4+ T cell count in the blood/whole lymphocyte count in the blood ${\times}100%$) was Normal $46.17{\pm}5.88$, Control $44.50{\pm}4.37$, Sample I $53.00{\pm}2.28$, Sample II $53.83{\pm}3.87$, Sample III $52.17{\pm}2.93$. By the 95% Duncan ANOVA all experimental groups(sample I, Sample II, Sample III) showed slight significant difference from Normal and Control. Blood cAMP(nmol/l) were Normal $1.12{\pm}0.17$, Control $1.16{\pm}0.32$, Sample I $0.46{\pm}0.07$, Sample II $0.44{\pm}0.04$, Sample III $0.54{\pm}0.04$. All experimental groups were singificantly different from both Normal and Control groups(p<0.05). Blood cortisol(nl/ml) were Normal $100.00{\pm}2.00$ Control $90.00{\pm}4.00$, Sample I $440.00{\pm}5.00$, Sample II $520.00{\pm}40.00$, Sample III $470.00{\pm}7.00$. Blood cortisol of all experimental groups were significantly increased(p<0.05). The results suggest that Yookmijihwangtang water abstract could be administrated to patients who have some diseases insufficient essence.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제57권3호
• /
• pp.110-116
• /
• 2014

Cord blood (CB) has been used as an important and ethical source for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) as well as cell therapy by manufacturing mesenchymal stem cell, induced pleuripotential stem cell or just isolating mononuclear cell from CB. Recently, the application of cell-based therapy using CB has expanded its clinical utility, particularly, by using autologous CB in children with refractory diseases. For these purposes, CB has been stored worldwide since mid-1990. In this review, I would like to briefly present the historical development of clinical uses of CB in the fields of SCT and cell therapy, particularly to review the experiences in Korea. Furthermore, I would touch the recent banking status of CB.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
• /
• 제48권10호
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2011

MLC NAND flash memory에서 cell간의 기생 커패시턴스 커플링으로 인해 발생하는 CCI에 의한 data error를 개선하기 위한 알고리듬을 제안하였다. 종래의 victim cell 주변 8-cell model보다 에러보정 알고리듬에 적용이 용이한 3-cell model을 제시하였다. 3-cell CCI model의 성능을 입증하기 위해 30nm와 20nm급 공정의 MLC NAND flash memory의 data분포를 분석하여, 주변 cell의 data pattern에 의한 victim cell의 Vth shift관계를 확인하였다. 측정된 Vth분포 data에 MatLab을 이용하여 제안된 알고리듬을 적용하는 경우 BER이 LSB에서는 28.9%, MSB에는 19.8%가 개선되었다.

• Journal of Information Display
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2012

Ferroelectric liquid crystal parameters, spontaneous polarization, and transition temperature were studied as a function of cell thickness. These parameters were found to increase with increasing cell thickness, but an exception was observed for the transition temperature in the case of a thin cell. A simple Landau model is presented to interpret the theoretical and experimental observations. The anomalous behavior is attributed to the electroclinic effect and is explained using the Landau model.