• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.429-437
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• 2016

Objectives: Photodynamic therapy has been proven to promote additional clinical and microbiological benefits in the treatment of chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the photodynamic therapy for patient with periodontitis. Methods: We searched the eight Korean databases and Ovid-MEDLINE, Ovid-EMBASE, Cochrane Library. Total 300 studies were searched and 13 studies were included in the final assessment. Each of the stages from literature search and extraction of data were carried out independently by 2 researchers. We used tools of Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Networks for assessment of the quality of studies. Results: The safety of the photodynamic therapy was assessed by bleeding. The effectiveness of the photodynamic therapy was assessed by the reduction of Probing pocket depth (PPD) and the gain of Clinical attachment level (CAL). The mean difference of PPD was 0.46(95% CI 0.09~0.82), (p=.01).). The mean difference of CAL was ?0.49(95% CI ?1.12~0.14), (p=.13). Conclusion: The additional use of $^{\circ}{\infty}$Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy for Periodontitis$^{\circ}{\pm}$ caused hemorrhage to similar extents to conventional treatment modalities, where scaling and root planing are solely performed, in patients with periodontitis who are expected to have a lower degree of treatment response to non-surgical or surgical periodontal therapies (implant or refractory periodontitis) and those where there is a concern for the possible occurrence of antimicrobial side effects or resistance. This indicates that there are no problems with its safety. But there were no consistent reports about the effects of the additional use of photodynamic therapy. This led to a decision that the safety and efficacy of the current technology deserve further studies (Recommendation rating of A, Classification of technology II-a).

• Transactions of the KSME C: Technology and Education
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2014

Intuitive learning method was applied at the beginning of each lecture to induce students to draw their interests. Avoiding simple explanation of equations and problem solving by using them, we repeated theoretical concepts verbally and applied physical meanings when we developed and wrote equations. By these methods we expected to find a way to increase students' learning effects. We also took a group investigation on pursuing term projects. Students choose their own subjects individually and submitted reports according to the time schedule. The reports included the contents that they learned during classes. After choosing best reports for each group by instructor, students at each group divided roles and prepared presentations. Thorough these methods they increased their scores from mid-term to final exams, and got aquatinted with responsibilities among group and organizations. They also experienced physical meanings from the usual daily life phenomena which could be connected to the engineering concepts and improved abilities as junior engineers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.391-400
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• 2015

This research analyzes the actual condition and trend in 119 research papers about sadness mediation program for senior citizens, which were published from 1990 to 2014, to find an expansive way for seniors. And the result is as in the following: publish year of subjects is 2010 to 2014, research plan was done by experimental-control group plan, and we quoted the most of the yardstick from foreign research, in the case of the seniors stays in their own house. Art therapy is the most common way of mediation, and most programs were done less than 10 times, once in a week, and less than 60 minutes in once. And variable of efficacy is verified in the order of physical ability, self-worth, and cognitive function. As the first research that analyzes the trend of sadness mediation program for senior citizens, this research is expected to help setting the direction of future research. that is related to convergence.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.513-523
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• 2018

The tumor microenvironment greatly influences cancer cell characteristics, and acidic extracellular pH has been implicated as an essential factor in tumor malignancy and the induction of drug resistance. Here, we examined the characteristics of gastric carcinoma (GC) cells under conditions of extracellular acidity and attempted to identify a means of enhancing treatment efficacy. Acidic conditions caused several changes in GC cells adversely affecting chemotherapeutic treatment. Extracellular acidity did inhibit GC cell growth by inducing cell cycle arrest, but did not induce cell death at pH values down to 6.2, which was consistent with down-regulated cyclin D1 and up-regulated p21 mRNA expression. Additionally, an acidic environment altered the expression of atg5, HSPA1B, collagen XIII, collagen XXAI, slug, snail, and zeb1 genes which are related to regulation of cell resistance to cytotoxicity and malignancy, and as expected, resulted in increased resistance of cells to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs including etoposide, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, cisplatin, oxaliplatin and 5-FU. Interestingly, however, acidic environment dramatically sensitized GC cells to apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Consistently, the acidity at pH 6.5 increased mRNA levels of DR4 and DR5 genes, and also elevated protein expression of both death receptors as detected by immunoblotting. Gene silencing analysis showed that of these two receptors, the major role in this effect was played by DR5. Therefore, these results suggest that extracellular acidity can sensitize TRAIL-mediated apoptosis at least partially via DR5 in GCs while it confers resistance to various type of chemotherapeutic drugs.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.210-218
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• 2020

Vessel sealing is a medical device that converts electrical or ultrasonic energy into thermal energy and leads to seal, coagulate, and cut the vessel by protein modification within the walls or surrounding connective tissues. As most of surgeries have recently been conducted with minimally invasive surgery, the demand and market for vessel sealing are expected to get bigger. However, there is a problem that electrosurgical or ultrasonic surgical is applied and we have a high risk to evaluate the strength of seal, because the collateral and particular standards currently in force follows have not been establish. Therefore, in this study, we investigated some papers studied on the efficacy and safety of the device, the guidance of FDA and test papers previously conducted from 3 individual subject device made in Korea. We found there is a relationship between burst pressure and the performance of the device, therefore, we propose the vascular bursting pressure test for evaluating the safety and performance of the vessel sealing.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.149-155
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• 2019

In metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the role of radiotherapy (RT) has been limited to palliation to alleviate the symptoms. However, with the development of advanced RT techniques, recent advances in immuno-oncology therapy targeting programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and targeted agents for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) translocation allowed new roles of RT in these patients. Within this metastatic population, there is a subset of patients with a limited number of sites of metastatic disease, termed as oligometastasis that can achieve long-term survival from aggressive local management. There is no consensus on the definition of oligometastasis; however, most clinical trials define oligometastasis as having 3 to 5 metastatic lesions. Recent phase II randomized clinical trials have shown that ablative RT, including stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) and hypofractionated RT, to primary and metastatic sites improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with oligometastatic NSCLC. The PEMBRO-RT study, a randomized phase II study comparing SABR prior to pembrolizumab therapy and pembrolizumab therapy alone, revealed that the addition of SABR improved the overall response, PFS, and OS in patients with advanced NSCLC. The efficacy of RT in oligometastatic lung cancer has only been studied in phase II studies; therefore, large-scale phase III studies are needed to confirm the benefit of local ablative RT in patients with oligometastatic NSCLC. Local intensified RT to primary and metastatic lesions is expected to become an important treatment paradigm in the near future in patients with metastatic lung cancer.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.229-235
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• 2011

Background: Following major lung resection, patients have routinely been monitored in the intensive care unit (ICU). Recently, however, patients are increasingly being placed in a general thoracic ward (GTW). We investigated the safety and efficacy of the GTW care after lobectomy for lung cancer. Materials and Methods: 316 patients who had undergone lobectomy for lung cancer were reviewed. These patients were divided into two groups: 275 patients were cared for in the ICU while 41 patients were care for in the GTW immediately post-operation. After propensity score matching, postoperative complications and hospital costs were analyzed. Risk factors for early complications were analyzed with the whole cohort. Results: Early complications (until the end of the first postoperative day) occurred in 11 (3.5%) patients. Late complications occurred in 42 patients (13.3%). After propensity score matching, the incidence of early complications, late complications, and mortality were not different between the two groups. The mean expense was higher in the ICU group. Risk factors for early complications were cardiac comorbidities and low expected forced expiratory volume in one second. The location of postoperative care had no influence on outcome. Conclusion: Immediate postoperative care after lobectomy for lung cancer in a GTW was safe and cost-effective without compromising outcomes in low-risk patients.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.244-251
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• 2016

Viscose rayon filament fabrics have been called 'artificial silk' and beloved as summer clothing materials for a long time in Korea. This is because the viscose rayon filament fabrics reveals glossy surface and cool touch feeling compared to other conventional fabrics composed of staple fibers. Therefore, we tried to prepare the higher value added viscose rayon filament fabrics for summer textile products. In this study, we applied gallnut extract to the viscose rayon filament fabric to develop summer fabrics with natural color and multi-functions such as antibacterial and antioxidant properties. This process also pursue eco-friendly and multi-functional fabric finishing from the natural material "gallnut". In addition, various pre-treatment with cationizer, chitosan, or chito-oligomer was applied to the finishing process to improve the finishing efficacy and durability. Consequently, it was found that the active component of gallnut extract was successfully incorporated to the viscose rayon filament fabric through a pad-dry-cure process. And, the treated viscose rayon filament fabrics showed excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Therefore, it was expected that the rayon filament fabrics treated by gallnut extract could be used as effective summer fabrics preventing the growth of bacteria and skin ageing as well as providing cool touch feeling. However, the pre-treatments were not that meaningful on the functionalities but effective on coloring.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1016-1021
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• 2005

The purpose of this thesis is to dedicate to get the objectivity of herbal medicine treatments by choosing herbs likely to work as antibacterial agents, Moutan Cortex Radicis, Caesalpiniae Lignum, Houttuyniae Herba, Forsythiae Fructus, Prunellae Herba, Scrophulariae Radix against Gardnerella vaginalis which is associated with Bacterial vaginosis, making experiments on them and getting the significant results. Each herb's efficacy on control the number of Bacterial vaginosis is noticed by using Disk Susceptibility test with six herbs medicine and Broth dilution assay of the culture. Disk Suseptibility Test : The efficiency strength is as follows in a row : Caesaipiniae Lignum, Moutan Cortex Radicis, Prunellae Herba, Forsythiae Fructus, Houttuyniae Herba, Scrophulariae Radix. MIC Prunellae Herba is 1.5 mg/ml, Caesalpiniae Lignum is 5 mg/ml, Forsythiae Fructus and Moutan Corex Radicis is 10mg/ml for G. vaginalis. As a results, herbmed which tested in this study have an antibacterial effects against G. vaginalis and that may be used for treament of Bacterial vaginosis. Assistant use of external medicine to p.o medicine is expected to bring the good effect of treatment which is used for the origin of this disease.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.403-408
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) method of detecting noroviruses in artificially and naturally contaminated shellfish. We used 58 fecal samples that tested positive for noroviruses with electron microscopy (EM) to develop an NASBA assay for these viruses. Oligonucleotide primers targeting the polymerase coding region were used to amplify the viral RNA in an isothermal process that resulted in the accumulation of RNA amplicons. These amplicons were detected by hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes that were highly specific for genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) of noroviruses. The expected band of 327bp appeared in denaturing agarose gel without any nonspecific band. The specific signal for each amplicon was obtained through Northern blotting in many repeats. All fecal samples of which 46(79.3%) belonged to GII and 12(20.6%) belonged to GI were positive for noroviruses by EM and by NASBA. Target RNA concentrations as low as 5pg/ml were detected in fecal specimens using NASBA. When the assay was applied to artificially contaminated shellfish, the sensitivity to nucleic acid was 100pg/1.5g shellfish tissue. The potential use of this assay was also confirmed in naturally contaminated shellfish collected from different ponds in Guangzhou city of China, of which 24 (18.76%) out of 128 samples were positive for noroviruses; of these, 19 (79.6%) belonged to GII and 5 (20.4%) belonged to GI. The NASBA assay provided a more rapid and efficient way of detecting noroviruses in fecal samples and demonstrated its potential for detecting noroviruses in food and environmental samples with high specificity and sensitivity.