• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-18
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• 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has not only increased customer preference for contactless methods but also created digital business opportunities in a variety of industries. Particularly in the fashion industry, contactless distribution and contactless shopping have increased significantly. This study identifies the changed consumers' perception of contactless shopping, which has been expanded due to the COVID-19 pandemic and analyzes specific factors that influence shopping switching intention to derive efficient marketing plans for post COVID-19 era. The study targeted Korean male and female consumers. The perceived value, usefulness, and alternative attractiveness of contactless shopping had a significant effect on shopping switching intention, and a moderating effect of offline fashion stores was confirmed. These results indicate that customers' experience in a fashion store influences their next online and offline shoping. This study, therefore, proposed the direction that the fashion industry should advance from a marketing perspective in the post COVID-19 era.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.421-434
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• 2022

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been the biggest environmental problem in Korea since the 2010s. The present study considers the value of urban forests and green infrastructure as an ecosystem service (ES) concept for PM2.5 reduction based on satellite and spatial data, with a focus on Seoul, Korea A method for the spatial ES assessment that considers social demand variables such as population and land price is suggested. First, an ES assessment based on natural environment information confirms that, while the vitality of vegetation is relatively low, the ES is high in the city center and residential areas, where the concentration of PM2.5 is high. Then, the ES assessment considering social demand (i.e., the ESS) confirms the existence of higher PM2.5 values in residential areas with high population density, and in main downtown areas. This is because the ESS of urban green infrastructure is high in areas with high land prices, high population density, and above-average PM2.5 concentrations. Further, when a future green infrastructure improvement scenario that considers the urban forest management plan is applied, the area of very high ESS is increased by 74% when the vegetation greenness of the green infrastructure in the residential area is increased by only 20%. This result suggests that green infrastructure and urban forests in the residential area should be continuously expanded and managed in order to maximize the PM2.5 reduction ES.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.289-440
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• 1998

This paper describes an interconnection network structure which transports information among processors through a high speed ATM switch. To efficiently use the high speed ATM switch for the message-based multiprocessor, we implemented the cell router that performs multiplexing and demultiplexing of cells from/to processors. In this system, we use the expanded internal cell format including 3bytes for switch routing information. This interconnection network has 3 stage routing strategies: ATM switch routing using switch routing information, cell router routing using a virtual path identifier (VPI) and cell reassembly routing using a virtual channel indentifier (VCI). The interconnection network consists of the NxN folded switch and N cell routers with the M processor interface. Therefore, the maximum number of NxM processors can be interconnected for message communication. This interconnection network using the ATM switch makes a significant improvement in terms of message passing latency and scalability. Additionally, we evaluated the transmission overhead in this interconnection network using ATM switch.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.525-538
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• 2023

This paper focuses on the energy absorption of lattice core sandwich structures of different configurations. The diamond lattice unit cell, which has been extensively investigated for energy absorption applications, is the starting point for this research. The energy absorption behaviour of sandwich structures with an expanded metal sheet as the core is investigated at low-velocity impact loading. Numerical simulations were carried out using ABAQUS/EXPLICIT and the results were thoroughly compared with the experimental results, which indicated desirable accuracy. A parametric analysis, using a Box-Behnken design (BBD), as a method for the design of experiments (DOE), was performed. The samples fabricated in three levels of parameters include 0.081, 0.145, and 0.562 mm² Cell sizes, and 0, 45, and 90-degree cell orientation, which were investigated. It was observed from experimental data that the angle of cells orientation had the highest degree of influence on the specific energy absorption. The results showed that the angle of cells orientation has been the most influential parameter to increase the peak forces. The results from using the design expert software showed the optimal specific energy absorption and peak force to be 1786 J/kg and 26314.4 N, respectively. The obtained R2 values and normal probability plots indicated a good agreement between the experimental results and those predicted by the model.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2023

The agricultural tractor ROPS test method according to OECD code 4 is a test to assess whether the driver's safety area can be secured when a tractor overturns, and reliability should be ensured. In this study, a model formula and procedure for calculating measurement uncertainty expressing reliability in the field of agricultural machinery testing were established according to the ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008. The characteristics of the ROPS test device were assessed and repeated tests were performed, and the were used as factors to calculate the measurement uncertainty. As a result of repeated tests, the accuracy was higher than 1.9 % in all load directions; thus, they were, applied to calculate the type A standard uncertainty. The final expanded uncertainty was calculated within the range of less than ± 7.76 kN of force and ± 6.96 mm of deformation in all load directions.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.397-407
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• 2008

Recently, influence of color has been expanded in various fields including design field. Among human five senses, visual sense is best for information capturing, and 80% of information judgment by visual sense is from color. Color is emotion and image. Hanbok is marked by its beautiful color combinations. The guiding principle of such color chords was Obangsaek, or the traditional Korean five base colors. The method of this study is to consider concepts of Obangsaek derived from the principles of yin-yang and the five elements and is to investigate application of Obangsaek. And the purpose of this study is to understand traditional colors and is to provide judgment criteria on various color combinations based on Korean aesthetic sense for development of textile design. The degree of nation culture depends on the level of research, analysis and application on traditional colors. Obangsaek, Korean traditional color is splendid and primary color. Also, Obangsaek has symbolic and lucky meanings. These colors are still the primary source of coloring. Obangsaek has been reinterpreted by application on textile design, some into base colors and others into diverse shades. So this study will help in the aspect of development on Korean style design.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.226-230
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• 2022

The sheep can be reproduced by natural mating as well as applied reproductive biotechnology, embryo transfer (ET). However, this method in sheep is influenced by several factors such as season, photoperiod, latitude, temperature, nutrition, and breed. In addition, there is still less research on assisted reproductive technologies in small ruminants, compared to other livestock species such as cattle and pigs. Because there has been a need for an optimization and a continuous improvement of ET techniques in small ruminants. the main objective of this study was to evaluate the conception rate obtained after ET in Mongolian sheep (Dorper breed). After embryo recover, code 1 and 2 embryos (morula or blastocyst stage) for ET in the present study were 63% (63/100) and 24% (24/100), respectively. Then Each single embryo was transferred to a synchronized recipient who prepared by estrous synchronization protocol with fluorogestone acetate-cloprostenol sodium. The results demonstrated that an average conception rate and lambing rate was 35.6% (31/87) and 33.3% (29/87), respectively. Further study is still necessary, but these results indicated that single embryo of Mongolian sheep with the present protocol was enough to conducting ET when the genetically superior sheep were necessary to be expanded.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.9
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• pp.3213-3228
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• 2023

As an important part of the digital reactor, the pin-by-pin wise fine coupling calculation is a research hotspot in the field of nuclear engineering in recent years. It provides more precise and realistic simulation results for reactor design, operation and safety evaluation. CORCA-K a nodal code is redeveloped as a robust pin-by-pin wise neutronics and thermal-hydraulic coupled calculation code for pressurized water reactor (PWR) core. The nodal green's function method (NGFM) is used to solve the three-dimensional space-time neutron dynamics equation, and the single-phase single channel model and one-dimensional heat conduction model are used to solve the fluid field and fuel temperature field. The mesh scale of reactor core simulation is raised from the nodal-wise to the pin-wise. It is verified by two benchmarks: NEACRP 3D PWR and PWR MOX/UO₂. The results show that: 1) the pin-by-pin wise coupling calculation system has good accuracy and can accurately simulate the key parameters in steady-state and transient coupling conditions, which is in good agreement with the reference results; 2) Compared with the nodal-wise coupling calculation, the pin-by-pin wise coupling calculation improves the fuel peak temperature, the range of power distribution is expanded, and the lower limit is reduced more.

• Atmosphere
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.33-47
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• 2023

In this study, for the application of observation errors to the Korean Integrated Model (KIM) to utilize the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere & Climate-2 (COSMIC-2) new satellites, the observation errors were diagnosed based on the Desroziers method using the cost function in the process of variational data assimilation. We calculated observation errors for all observational species being utilized for KIM and compared with their relative values. The observation error of the calculated the Global Navigation Satellite System Radio Occultation (GNSS RO) was about six times smaller than that of other satellites. In order to balance with other satellites, we conducted two experiments in which the GNSS RO data expanded by about twice the observation error. The performance of the analysis field was significantly improved in the tropics, where the COSMIC-2 data are more available, and in the Southern Hemisphere, where the influence of GNSS RO data is significantly greater. In particular, the prediction performance of the Southern Hemisphere was improved by doubling the observation error in global region, rather than doubling the COSMIC-2 data only in areas with high density, which seems to have been balanced with other observations.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.29-41
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the importance and the performance of intramural marketing in the hospital and to examine the effect of intramural marketing on nurses' job satisfaction and turnover intention. Method: The participants of this study were 203 nurses, who had worked over 3 months in the general or special units in C university hospital located in Seoul. Results: The participants' perceived performance of the intramural marketing was 2.35 on average. The importance of the intramural marketing recognized by the participants was 4.02. The score of the job satisfaction of the participants was 2.74 and that of the turnover intention was 3.67 on average. The intramural marketing demonstrates statistically significant correlations with job satisfaction and turnover intention. Conclusion: The findings of the study demonstrate the importance of the intramural marketing in the hospital for nurse retention. In order to increase nurses' job satisfaction and reducing their turnover intention, the intramural marketing activities should be expanded further.