• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.434-441
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• 2004

In this paper, an exoskeleton-type motion capturing system is designed and implemented. The device is designed to have 12 degree-of-freedom entirely to represent human arm motions. Forward and inverse kinematics of the device are analyzed to make sure of its singular positions. With the designed model parameters, simulation studies are conducted to verify that the designed motion capturing system is effective to represent human motions within the workspace. As a counterpart of the exoskeleton system, a mobile robot is built to follow human motion restrictively. Experimental studies of teleoperation from the exoskeleton device to control the mobile robot are carried out to show feasible application of wireless man-machine interface.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.357-364
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• 2010

This study proposes a lower-limb exoskeleton system that is controlled by a wearer's muscle activity. This system is designed by following procedure. First, analyze the muscle activation patterns of human leg while walking. Second, select the adequate actuator to support the human walking based on calculation of required force of knee joint for step walking. Third, unit type knee and ankle orthotics are integrated with selected actuator. Finally, using this knee-assistive system (KAS) and developed muscle stiffness sensors (MSS), the muscle activity pattern of the subject is analyzed while he is walking on the stair. This study proposes an operating algorithm of KAS based on command signal of MSS which is generated by motion intent of human. A healthy and normal subject walked while wearing the developed powered-knee exoskeleton on his/her knees, and measured effectively assisted plantar flexor strength of the subject's knees and those neighboring muscles. Finally, capabilities and feasibility of the KAS are evaluated by testing the adapted motor pattern and the EMG signal variance while walking with exoskeleton. These results shows that developed exoskeleton which controlled by muscle activity could help human's walking acceptably.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.124-131
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• 2017

This paper present a novel approach to control the lower body power assistive exoskeleton system of a HEXAR-CR35 aimed at improving a muscular strength. More specifically the control of based on the human intention is crucial of importance to ensure intuitive and dexterous motion with the human. In this contribution, we proposed the detection algorithm of the human intention using the MCRS which are developed to measure the contraction of the muscle with variation of the circumference. The proposed algorithm provides a joint motion of exoskeleton corresponding the relate muscles. The main advantages of the algorithm are its simplicity, computational efficiency to control one joint of the HEXAR-CR35 which are consisted knee-active type exoskeleton (the other joints are consisted with the passive or quasi-passive joints that can be arranged by analyzing of the human joint functions). As a consequence, the motion of exoskeleton is generated according to the gait phase: swing and stance phase which are determined by the foot insole sensors. The experimental evaluation of the proposed algorithm is achieved in walking with the exoskeleton while carrying the external mass in the back side.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.2154-2159
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• 2005

This paper presents the kinematic analysis of two robots, an exoskeleton type master robot and a human like slave robot with two arms. Two robots are designed and built to be equivalent as motion following robots. The operator wears the exoskeleton robot to generate motions, then the slave robot is required to follow after the motion of the master robot. However, different kinematic configuration yields position mismatches of the end-effectors. To synchronize motions of two robots, kinematic analysis of mapping is analyzed. The forward and inverse kinematics have been simulated and the corresponding experiments are also conducted to confirm the proposed mapping analysis.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제6권9호
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• pp.796-802
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• 2000

A master-slave system for teleoperation is usually used to control the robor's motion on remote place such as abyss, outer space etc.. When the slave robot is a humanoid one, it can make a better performance if the configuration of the master arm is similar to that of the slave arm and of the human. The master arm proposed in this paper has a type to be put on the human arm, that is, the exoskeleton type, and has a combination of serial joint and parallel mechanism imitating the human's arm structure of muscles and bones, so called hybrid mechanism so that it can follow arm's movement effectively. But it is easy to solve the forward kinematis of the parallel structure because relating equations are implicit functions. In order to solve that, the virtual joint angle corresponding to human arm's joint is introduced and a sequential computation step is employed in calculating virtual joint angles and the posture of the end effector. Also validity is checked up through computational simulation.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1065-1072
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• 2015

This paper is about the development of an insole sensor system that can determine the model of an exoskeleton robot for lower limb that is a multi-degree of freedom system. First, the study analyzed the kinematic model of an exoskeleton robot for the lower limb that changes according to the gait phase detection of a human. Based on the ground reaction force (GRF), which is generated when walking, to proceed with insole sensor development, the sensing type, location, and the number of sensors were selected. The center of pressure (COP) of the human foot was understood first, prior to the development of algorithm. Using the COP, an algorithm was developed that is capable of detecting the gait phase with small number of sensors. An experiment at 3 km/h speed was conducted on the developed sensor system to evaluate the developed insole sensor system and the gait phase detection algorithm.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.2376-2383
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• 2015

Assistance of the operator’s walking ability while carrying a load is a challenging area in lower limb exoskeletons. We implement an exoskeleton called the Unmanned Technology Research Center Exoskeleton (UTRCEXO), which enables the operator to walk with a load more comfortably. The UTRCEXO makes use of two types of DC motor to assist the hip and knee joints. The UTRCEXO detects the operator’s walking intention including step initiation with insole-type FSRs faster without using any bio-signals and precedes the operator’s step with a reference torque. It not only reduces interaction forces between the operator and the UTRCEXO, but also allows the operator to walk with a load more comfortably. In this paper, we present the UTRCEXO implementing the walking assistance mechanism with interaction force reduction during walking.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2017

외골격 로봇은 군사, 산업 및 의료와 같은 다양한 분야에서 사용되도록 개발된 기술이다. 외골격 로봇은 착용자의 움직임을 감지하여 작동한다. 외골격 로봇이 착용자의 일상적인 행동을 인지함으로써 착용자를 신속하게 보조하고 시스템을 효율적으로 활용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 피실험자로부터 얻은 운동학적 데이터를 통해 LDA, QDA, kNN을 활용하여 보행유형을 분류한다. 보행은 주로 일상생활에서 수행되는 일반보행과 계단보행을 선정하였다. 피실험자에게 7개의 IMUs 센서를 정해진 위치에 부착하여 운동학적 요소를 측정 하였다. 결과적으로, LDA는 78.42%, QDA는 86.16%, kNN는 k값에 따라 87.10% ~ 94.49%의 정확도로 분류하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.156-164
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• 1998

IMS is a more advanced manufacturing system than FMS. However, IMS do not have sufficient performance for the work in the various and uncertain environment, because of the difficulty of the work and occurrence of the unexpected condition. If IMS is hard to work properly, teleoperation system can support it by using the human's consideration and judgment. The master mechanism is a basic component of the teleoperation system and the development of the useful one is important for efficiency of the work. A master mechanism of exoskeleton type can increase the work efficiency, mobility and harmony between a working robot and an operator. This paper describes an arm-harness of exoskeleton type, which is able to drive a robot according to judgment. This device is applied to a robot system for evaluating the system performance through the experiment.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.303-304
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• 2013