• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.394-404
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• 2020

Objectives: The aims of this study are to derive the characteristics of diesel exhaust gas emissions generated during vehicle checking in the garage of fire stations and of the related improvement plans for proper air quality management. Methods: The researcher measured changes in the air quality inside garages according to the operating conditions of the exhaust facility and before and after vehicle checking at three fire stations. Results: During the checking of fire engines, a large volume of hazardous substances exceeding management standards were generated, and improvement of the discharge facilities was required for proper air quality management. Conclusions: It is necessary to study the hazard evaluation of firefighters' exposure to exhaust gas, to operate exhaust gas ventilation facilities, and to prepare technical standards for proper indoor air quality management.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.143-152
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• 1998

This study aims to suggest ventilation design data for Public Entertainment Facilities in relation to Indoor Air Quality. The concentration of indoor air pollution such as CO, CO2, RH, Radon, HCHO, TSP was investigate, and the reguired ventilation rate of Public Rooms was calculated. As resuits of this study, the following conclusion could be obtained. Field measurement of P.E.F reveals that the concentration of CO2 was mist polluted and higher than IAQ standard, while that of other pollutats did not exceed the standard. In underground the concentration of CO2 increased 1130ppm(2 persons) 2170ppm(4 persons) 1970ppm(6 persons). The CO2 pollution was serions problem in underground more than second floor, in only exhaust ventilation system more than exhaust and supply system.

• International Journal of Safety
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2005

In case of tunnel fire, one of the most effective facilities to save lives is the smoke control system. In this study, two different smoke extraction schemes of transversely ventilated tunnel were compared. One is the smoke extraction using the fixed exhaust ports on the false ceiling to achieve the uniform and distributed smoke extraction (uniform exhaust). The other is that using the remote controlled smoke extraction where only vents close to the fire is opened whereas the others are closed to enhance the limitation of the smoke spread (localized exhaust). A number of numerical simulations were performed to find out the optimal smoke extraction rate at each smoke extraction scheme to allow the tunnel users to escape to the safe area without endangering their lives by smoke.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2020

공동주택은 과학의 발전과 도시의 랜드마크적 상징성으로 점점 고층화 고밀화되어 가고, 입주민의 삶의 질 향상을 위해 각종 편의시설과 안전시설도 함께 발전되어 가고 있다. 그러나 통계자료에 의하면 공동주택은 사고 발생 대비 사상자가 높은 비중을 차지하고 있으며, 사상자의 주요 피해 원인은 심야 시간에 수면 상태에서 화재를 늦게 인지하여 연기에 의하여 많은 인명피해가 발생하고 있다. 공동주택에서 재실자의 연기피해를 최소화하기 위하여 실내에 별도의 배연 시설을 설치하는 것이 가장 최선의 방법이지만, 입주자의 경제적 부담을 줄이면서 현재 설치된 시설물을 활용하여 연기피해를 최소화하는 것이 공학적 입장에서 유용한 조치라고 판단된다. 검토 결과 전열교환환기방식과 주방공용배기방식을 선정하여 화재 시뮬레이션을 통하여 실증 여부를 검증하였다. 검증결과 피난허용시간(ASET)이 25층은 27 s, 35층은 30 s, 50층은 35 s가 향상되었다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2004

본 연구는 국내의 있는 무창 분만ㆍ자돈사에 대하여 환기시스템 정립의 기초자료를 수집하고자 수행하였다. 측벽상단입기 지붕굴뚝배기, 천공천장입기 지붕굴뚝배기, 측벽덕트입기 지붕굴뚝배기, 측벽덕트입기 측벽배기의 4종류 무창분만ㆍ자돈사 환기 형태에 대하여 조사하였다. 겨울철 돈사 내 온도, 습도, 공기유속, 암모니아가스 농도의 환경상태를 조사하였다. 겨울철 각 환기 형태별 돈사 내 온도는 환기형태에 따른 온도의 차이는 없었다. 공기유속은 측벽덕트입기 측벽배기가 다른 환기 형태보다 높은 공기 유속이 있었다. 돈사 공간내 각 환기형태별 공기유동은 측벽덕트입기 지붕굴뚝배기, 측벽덕트입기 측벽배기 환기형태가 비교적 다른 환기 시스템에 비교하여 원활한 공기유동이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 암모니아(NH$_3$) 농도도 다른 환기형태보다 측벽덕트입기 측벽배기가 낮은 경향을 보였다. 따라서, 측벽덕트입기 지붕굴뚝배기, 측벽덕트입기 측벽배기가 국내의 무창 분만ㆍ자돈사 환기방식에 적용할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2011

Lately majority of churches have preferred to enlarge their worship area to both horizontal and vertical axis. According to expand their area which brings more devotees to the limited service area. Transform from a small church into a large church is no longer unprecedented issue in South Korea. As the size of church getting bigger, many unexpected issues become matters. One of the significant problem is that the number of people have experienced either fall a sleep or feel a doziness during their service period. Due to the limited condition for the specific building type such as religion facility(church), IAQ improvements is seriously concerned. Therefore, we are going to examine by using simulation tool, CF, a difference of ventilation efficiency about the location and number of windows, and find the best way of the ventilation efficiency in a multi-stories type church by changing the exhaust pipes location and size. Furthermore, in this thesis, by changing a ceiling height from the existing building to confirm that $CO_2$ have been satisfied for both the ventilation efficiency and IAQ.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2006

A study on fire phenomena in a subway transit mass station has been carried out as a part of disaster prevention plan at the subway station. The ventilation facilities installed in both the platform and the trackway are designed to convert into a smoke exhaust system in emergency situation, creating such an environment as necessary for evacuation. 3 dimensional Numerical Simulations based on the CFD are carried out using a simulation tool, Fire Dynamic Simulator. Additionally, four different vent modes are made and performances are compared with the original design mode and each other to find better operation of vents at both the platform and the trackway in case of fire. From the result, an vent operational characteristics under the condition of installed PSD is clarified for the effective smoke and heat removal from the platform area compared with non installed PSD.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2024

Background: This study focuses on assessing occupational risk for the health hazards encountered during maintenance works (MW) in semiconductor fabrication (FAB) facilities. Objectives: The objectives of this study include: 1) identifying the primary health hazards during MW in semiconductor FAB facilities; 2) reviewing the methods used in evaluating the likelihood and severity of health hazards through occupational health risk assessment (OHRA); and 3) suggesting variables for the categorization of likelihood of exposures to health hazards and the severity of health effects associated with MW in FAB facilities. Methods: A literature review was undertaken on OHRA methodology and health hazards resulting from MW in FAB facilities. Based on this review, approaches for categorizing the exposure to health hazards and the severity of health effects related to MW were recommended. Results: Maintenance workers in FAB facilities face exposure to hazards such as debris, machinery entanglement, and airborne particles laden with various chemical components. The level of engineering and administrative control measures is suggested to assess the likelihood of simultaneous chemical and dust exposure. Qualitative key factors for mixed exposure estimation during MW include the presence of safe operational protocols, the use of air-jet machines, the presence and effectiveness of local exhaust ventilation system, chamber post-purge and cooling, and proper respirator use. Using the risk (R) and hazard (H) codes of the Globally Harmonized System alongside carcinogenic, mutagenic, or reprotoxic classifications aid in categorizing health effect severity for OHRA. Conclusion: Further research is needed to apply our proposed variables in OHRA for MW in FAB facilities and subsequently validate the findings.

• International Journal of Safety
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2005

A study on fire phenomena in a subway transit mass station has been carried out as a part of disaster prevention plan at the subway station. The ventilation facilities installed in both the platform and the trackway are designed to convert into a smoke exhaust system in emergency situation, creating an environment necessary for evacuation. 3 dimensional Numerical Simulations based on the CFD are carried out using a simulation tool, Fire Dynamic Simulator. Total of six different cases are made and performances are compared each other to find optimal vents operation to ensure safer environment for evacuation at the platform area considering the installation of platform screen door.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2000

The purpose of this work was to document the conditions regarding organic solvent exposure to the workers in paint industry. Air concentrations of organic solvents were measured by passive personal samplers and analyzed by a gas chromatography. Urine samples for hippuric test were also taken from 330 workers who have worked at seven domestic factories for more than two years. Amongst 25 organic elements detected in the indoor environment of working places, toluene was the most common element, and methanol showed the highest mean concentration(18.2ppm). A few elements including methylethyl ketone and toluene partially exceeded the Korean Permissible Exposure Limit. A lack of environmental facilities such as exhaust ventilation, automatic cleaning system, and personal safety devices at present work plaus brings about various occupational diseases.