• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 2006

In web search engines, there are two main methods: directory searching and keyword searching. Keyword searching shows high recall rate but tends to come up with too many search results to find which users want to see the pages. Directory searching has also a difficulty to find the pages that users want in case of selecting improper category without knowing the exact category, that is, it shows high precision rates but low recall rates. We designed and implemented a new web search engine to resolve the problems of directory search method. It regards a category as a fuzzy set which contains keywords and calculate the degree of inclusion between categories. The merit of this method is to enhance the recall rate of directory searching by expanding subcategories on the basis of similarity.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.9-13
• /
• 2017

Purpose: Fingertip amputations are the most common type of upper limb amputations. Composite grafting is a simple and cost-effective technique. Although many factors have investigated the success of composite grafting, the success rate is not high. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate whether the microscopic procedure process during composite grafts improves the success rate. Materials and Methods: Thirteen cases of unreplantable fingertip amputation underwent a microscopic resection procedure for composite graft in the operating room. The principle of the procedure was to remove the least devitalized tissue, maximize the clean tissue preservation and exact trimming of the acral vessel and to remove as many foreign bodies as possible. Results: All fingertips in the thirteen patients survived completely without additional procedures. Conclusion: Composite grafting allows for the preservation of length while avoiding the donor site morbidity of locoregional flaps. Most composite grafts are performed as quickly as possible in a gross environment. However, we take noticed the microscopic resection. This process is thought to increase the survival rate for the following reasons. First, the minimal resection will maximize the junction surface area and increase serum imbibition. Second, sophisticated trimming of injured distal vessels will increase the likelihood of inosculation. Third, accurate foreign body removal will reduce the probability of infection and make it possible to increase the concentration and efficiency in a microscopic environment. Although there is a need for more research into the mechanisms, we recommend using a composite graft under the microscopic environment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.12 no.11
• /
• pp.5123-5127
• /
• 2011

Research and development for the technology, that is about maintenance and accidents prevention of underground power distribution line, are demanding. The precise detection of leakage point of underground power line is very important, because it is difficult to detect the exact location of a fault in underground power line and to repair faults. When earth electric potential is measured to detect underground electric leakage point after transmitting AC electric pulse wave to underground power line, it must be measured in a specific half period of AC pulse wave because the distribution of the electric earth potential varies with the polarity of the transmitted wave. In this paper we proposed the measurement of half period modulated earth potential as a method to detect a underground leakage point. And We compared the proposed method with other methods. Through experiments we verified that the proposed method can be implemented and operated properly.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2013

This paper presents a SFF(shape from focus) algorithm using a new focus measure based on higher order statistics for the exact depth estimation. Since conventional SFF-based 3D depth reconstruction algorithms used SML(sum of modified Laplacian) as the focus measure, their performance is strongly depended on the image characteristics. These are efficient only for the rich texture and well focused images. Therefore, this paper adopts a new focus measure using HOS(higher order statistics), in order to extract the focus value for relatively poor texture and focused images. The initial best focus area map is generated by the measure. Thereafter, the area refinement, thinning, and corner detection methods are successively applied for the extraction of the locally best focus points. Finally, a 3D model from the carefully selected points is reconstructed by Delaunay triangulation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.271-276
• /
• 2006

Objective : Despite the recent progress that has been made in intracerebral monitoring, it is still difficult to quantify the exact extent of primary brain damage after severe head injury. In this work, we investigate the role of S-100B protein as a serum marker of brain damage after severe head injury. Methods : 21 patients with severe head injury [GCS score <9] were selected for this prospective study. A venous blood sample was taken as soon as possible after head injury and the serum concentration of S-100B protein was measured daily for five consecutive days. The serum level of S-100B protein was compared with the patients' outcome. The outcome was measured twice, at hospital discharge and after 6 months of follow-up using the Glasgow Outcome Scale[GOS]. Results : Those patients who died within two weeks [after head injury] had a significantly higher serum S-100B value than those who survived [median, 9.64ug/L versus 2.91ug/L]. Seven [78%] of the nine patients who died had a maximum S-100B value of 2ug/L or higher, while three [25%] of the twelve surviving patients showed a maximum S-100B protein value of more than 2ug/L [P<005]. Conclusion : These results indicate that S-100B protein appears to be the most reliable index for estimating the extent of brain damage.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.94-104
• /
• 2002

As a part of scientific data visualization automatic generation algorithms for a contour map have been investigated mainly on data which are defined at every lattice point. But in actual situation like weather data measurement. it is impossible to get data defined at every lattice point This is because the exact value on every lattice point can not be obtained due to characteristics in sampling devices or sampling methods. In order to define data on every lattice point where data were not sampled an interpolation method. was applied to the sample data to assign approximate values for some lattice type data but by using the non-lattice type of sample data sets. A triangle data link was defined by using non lattice points directly based on actually sample data set, not by using the pre-processed rectangle lattice points. The suggested algorithm generates a contour map a contour map only by using sample data set which are much smaller than old one without data interpolation and there is no skew on data any more since it does not need any interpolation to get the values of the defined lattice points.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.32 no.9
• /
• pp.445-456
• /
• 2005

We propose a fast and accurate fluid solver of the Wavier-Stokes equations for the physics-based fluid simulations. Our method utilizes the solution of the Stokes equation as an initial guess for the velocity of the nonlinear term in the Wavier-Stokes equations. By guessing the initial velocity close to the exact solution of the given nonlinear differential equations, we can develop remarkably accurate and stable fluid solver. Our solver is based on the implicit scheme of finite difference methods, that makes it work well for large time steps. Since we employ the ADI method, our solver is also fast and has a uniform computation time. The experimental results show that our solver is excellent for fluids with high Reynolds numbers such as smoke and clouds.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.60 no.5
• /
• pp.540-549
• /
• 2017

Objective : To evaluate the diagnostic value of computed tomography-myelography (CTM) compared to that of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with lumbar radiculopathy. Methods : The study included 91 patients presenting with radicular leg pain caused by herniated nucleus pulposus or lateral recess stenosis in the lumbar spine. The degree of nerve root compression on MRI and CTM was classified into four grades. The results of each imaging modality as assessed by two different observers were compared. Visual analog scale score for pain and electromyography result were the clinical parameters used to evaluate the relationships between clinical features and nerve root compression grades on both MRI and CTM. These relationships were quantified by calculating the receiver-operating characteristic curves, and the degree of relationship was compared between MRI and CTM. Results : McNemar's test revealed that the two diagnostic modalities did not show diagnostic concurrence (p<0.0001). Electromyography results did not correlate with grades on either MRI or CTM. The visual analog pain scale score results were correlated better with changes of the grades on CTM than those on MRI (p=0.0007). Conclusion : The present study demonstrates that CTM could better define the pathology of degenerative lumbar spine diseases with radiculopathy than MRI. CTM can be considered as a useful confirmative diagnostic tool when the exact cause of radicular pain in a patient with lumbar radiculopathy cannot be identified by using MRI. However, the invasiveness and potential complications of CTM are still considered to be pending questions to settle.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.266-275
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The objective of this study was to verify the effects of elastic-band exercise on pain, range of motion, and fear of falling in patients with total knee replacement. Methods: The study design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized quasi-experimental design. Data were collected from December 10, 2014 to January 10, 2015 in an orthopedic specialty hospital located in the C city. Forty-eight patients participated in the study, and each twenty-four were assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The elastic-band exercise was used with the experimental group for 10 days. The numeric rating scale was used to measure pain, goniometer to measure range of motion, and a questionnaire to measure fear of falling. The data were analyzed using $x^2-test$, Fisher's exact, t-test and paired t-test. Results: Compared to the control group, pain in the experimental group decreased (t=-2.89, p=.006), range of motion increased (t=2.98, p=.005), and fear of falling decreased (t=-4.63 p<.001). Conclusion: The elastic-band exercise for total knee replacement patients is considered to be an effective nursing intervention to decrease pain and fear of falling, and to increase range of motion.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.11-16
• /
• 2015

Background: Source material used to fill calvarial defects includes autologous bones and synthetic alternatives. While autologous bone is preferable to synthetic material, autologous reconstruction is not always feasible due to defect size, unacceptable donor-site morbidity, and other issues. Today, advanced three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques allow for fabrication of titanium implants customized to the exact need of individual patients with calvarial defects. In this report, we present three cases of calvarial reconstructions using 3D-printed porous titanium implants. Methods: From 2013 through 2014, three calvarial defects were repaired using custom-made 3D porous titanium implants. The defects were due either to traumatic subdural hematoma or to meningioma and were located in parieto-occipital, fronto-temporo-parietal, and parieto-temporal areas. The implants were prepared using individual 3D computed tomography (CT) data, Mimics software, and an electron beam melting machine. For each patient, several designs of the implant were evaluated against 3D-printed skull models. All three cases had a custom-made 3D porous titanium implant laid on the defect and rigid fixation was done with 8 mm screws. Results: The custom-made 3D implants fit each patient's skull defect precisely without any dead space. The operative site healed without any specific complications. Postoperative CTs revealed the implants to be in correct position. Conclusion: An autologous graft is not a feasible option in the reconstruction of large calvarial defects. Ideally, synthetic materials for calvarial reconstruction should be easily applicable, durable, and strong. In these aspects, a 3D titanium implant can be an optimal source material in calvarial reconstruction.