• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.489-497
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• 2005

Conversion disorder lacks temperamental grounds and is a type of somatoform disorder that includes alteration or loss of physical functions implicated in physical deficit suggestive psychological conflict. There is high incidence of return of conversion disorder and difficulty in producing exact approaches of cure and apparent effects of remedy with symptomatic treatment alone because of its complex clinical symptoms. The approach of Oriental Medicine in treatment of conversion disorder is to apprehend relative symptoms from the syndrome combined with several annexational symptoms centering around sequential symptoms. Thereupon, author made a Ganyanghwapung comprehensive diagnosis was conducted using Oriental Medicine measures by differential diagnostic methods in psychosomatic patients whose cases are diagnosed as conversion disorder. Then, Cheonmagudeungeum Gagambang was prescribed for them and it brought on satisfactory effects from the first or second treatment. There have been many cases reporting the application of Oriental Medicine treatment to conversion disorder to date and outcomes have also been favorable. Results of this study likewise suggest that this Oriental Medicine treatment for conversion disorder is effective.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2001

With a continuous and steep increase in life expectancies, Korean society is expected to enter the aged society by year 2020. And as the number of elderly increases, the burden of medical and health care expenses for them becomes greater in every developed society. Hence, the preventive approach for chronic degenerative diseases remains to be the best solution for the above-mentioned problem and warranting optimal nutrition would be one of the most important approaches. We performed a nutrition survey on 585 older adults of 50 years of age and older, residing in 3 metropolitan areas including Daejun, Daeku and Kwangju. Anthropometry, including body composition analysis based on the bioelectrical impedance analysis using InBody 3.0 and dietary intake survey by semi-quantitative flood frequency questionnaires, were used in collecting data. As one of the most important factors affecting the health and nutritional status of the elderly, we focused on living arrangements. Analyses were performed on the data from 550 subjects only, after excluding statistical outliers. Three hundred and sixty-eight of them(66.9%) were female and the number of elderly(65 years of age and older) was 485. According to the statistical analyses, the female elderly were more vulnerable to malnutrition than the male elderly. And the older they befame, the less adequate they were in nutrient intake. In addition to this, the elderly living alone showed the poorest patterns of nutrient intake and anthropometry. Although the exact effect of living alone could differ among different sex-age groups, the fact that the elderly living alone is vulnerable to malnutrition would remain concrete. This raises the utmost necessity of nutrition intervention to be devised and directed to the targeted population, namely the living-alone elderly from the government level. The intervention may include nutrition education, nutrition counseling and support In forms of meal service by networking the efforts of central as well as local governments to ensure the good health of the Korean elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.52-60
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• 2003

In aviation navigation using GPS, requirements on availability and integrity must be absolutely satisfied. Current study on accomplishing this integrity includes RAIM(Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring), monitoring integrity internaIly in GPS receiver itself. Parity space technique as one of RAIM techniques has shown the advantages in fault detection and isolation due to each use of its magnitude and direction under the assumption of one fault. ln case of multiple fault, as biases in errors interact decreasing the effect of multiple fault in parity space, the exact fault detection and identification(FDI) may be difficult to be conducted. This paper focuses on FDI study on two faults and explains why parity space techniques applied on single fault is not adequate to the application of multiple fault case and shows that extended parity space technique may improve the performance of RAIM on two faults.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.66 no.6
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• pp.677-691
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• 2018

Reliability assessment of complex structures using simulation methods is time-consuming. Thus, surrogate models are usually employed to reduce computational cost. AK-MCS is a surrogate-based Active learning method combining Kriging and Monte-Carlo Simulation for structural reliability analysis. This paper proposes three modifications of the AK-MCS method to reduce the number of calls to the performance function. The first modification is related to the definition of an initial Design of Experiments (DoE). In the original AK-MCS method, an initial DoE is created by a random selection of samples among the Monte Carlo population. Therefore, samples in the failure region have fewer chances to be selected, because a small number of samples are usually located in the failure region compared to the safe region. The proposed method in this paper is based on a uniform selection of samples in the predefined domain, so more samples may be selected from the failure region. Another important parameter in the AK-MCS method is the size of the initial DoE. The algorithm may not predict the exact limit state surface with an insufficient number of initial samples. Thus, the second modification of the AK-MCS method is proposed to overcome this problem. The third modification is relevant to the type of regression trend in the AK-MCS method. The original AK-MCS method uses an ordinary Kriging model, so the regression part of Kriging model is an unknown constant value. In this paper, the effect of regression trend in the AK-MCS method is investigated for a benchmark problem, and it is shown that the appropriate choice of regression type could reduce the number of calls to the performance function. A stepwise approach is also presented to select a suitable trend of the Kriging model. The numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed modifications.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.259-264
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• 2006

Some appearances of the result images from the researches on NPR(Non Photorealistic Rendering) look like contrary to the attributes of the real painting. As they are based on only the technical approach rather than the aesthetic and accurate analysis of the real painting which they modeled. Therefore the purpose of this paper is the abstraction of the exact features from the related real painting, the redefine of them applicable to the process, and the embodiment of the painterly NPR algorithms. This paper modeled the Impressionism which were originated in the France at the late nineteenth century. Accordingly, at first, I analyzed the general features of oil paintings and Impressionism paintings, and according to this analyses, I adjusted them to engineering elements(the direction, length, width, texture and speed of stroke, the edge and region of object, depth information and color etc) and programmed. I emphasize the importance and potentiality of the collaboration of artist and technician in the NPR research through the results in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.95-102
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• 2010

As the electric power industry is evolving into competitive market scheme, a new paradigm is required for the operation of market. Traditional dispatch algorithm was built based on the optimization model with an objective function and multiple constraints. Commercial market simulator followed the concept of the microeconomic model used in the dispatch algorithm, which is called as analytic method. On analytic method it is prerequisite to procure the exact data for the simulation. It is not easy anymore for each market participant to access to other participants' financial information while it used to be easy for monopoly decision maker to know all the information needed for the optimal operation. Considering the changing situation, it is required to introduce a new method for estimating the market price. This paper proposes an empirical method based on stochastic processes expected to build a capacity planning and long term contracts.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.41
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• pp.60.1-60.6
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• 2019

Background: The lingual nerve plays an important role in multiple functions, including gustatory sensation and contact sensitivity and thermosensitivity. Misdiagnosed conservative treatments for serious lingual nerve (LN) injuries can induce the patient to serious mental disability. After continuous observation and critical diagnosis of the injury, in cases involving significant disruption of lingual nerve function, microneurosurgical reconstruction of the nerve is recommended. Direct anastomosis of the torn nerve ends without tension is the recommended approach. However, in cases that present significant gaps between the injured nerve ends, nerve grafts or conduits (tubes of various materials) are employed. Recently, various reconstruction materials for peripheral nerves were commercially offered especially in the USA, but the best method and material is still unclear in the world. There currently exists no conventional protocol for managing LN neurosensory deficiency in regard to optimal methods and the timing for surgical repair. In Japan, the allograft collagen nerve for peripheral nerves reconstruction was permitted in 2017, and we tried to use this allograft nerve and got a recommendable result. Case presentation: This report is a long-term abandoned torn LN reconstructed with allograft nerve induced by the lower third molar extraction. Conclusions: In early sick period, with the exact diagnosis, the LN disturbance should be managed. In a serious condition, the reconstruction with allograft nerve is one of the recommendable methods.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8619-8623
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• 2016

Background: Breast cancer is a common disorder in women, constituting one of the main causes of death all over the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of the breast tissue diseases by the help of thermography. Materials and Methods: In this paper, we applied non-contact infrared camera, INFREC R500 for evaluating the capabilities of thermography. The study was conducted on 60 patients suspected of breast disease, who were referred to Imam Khomeini Imaging Center. Information obtained from the questionnaires and clinical examinations along with the obtained diagnostic results from ultrasound images, biopsies and thermography, were analyzed. The results indicated that the use of thermography as well as the asymmetry technique is useful in identifying hypoechoic as well as cystic masses. It should be noted that the patient should not suffer from breast discharge. Results: The accuracy of asymmetry technique identification is respectively 91/89% and 92/30%. Also the accuracy of the exact location of identification is on the 61/53% and 75%. The approach also proved effective in identifying heterogeneous lesions, fibroadenomas, and intraductal masses, but not ISO-echoes and calcified masses. Conclusions: According to the results of the investigation, thermography may be useful in the initial screening and supplementation of diagnostic procedures due to its safety (its non-radiation properties), low cost and the good recognition of breast tissue disease.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.821-827
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• 2014

An isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (ID LC-MS/MS) method has been developed and applied to the determination of arsenobetaine (AsB, ${(CH_3)_3}^+AsCH_2COO^-$) from oyster candidate certified reference material (CRM). The exact matching isotope dilution approach was adopted for accurate determination of AsB using $^{13}C_2$-labeled AsB as an internal standard. Efficiencies of different AsB extraction methods were evaluated using a codfish reference material and a simple sonication method was selected as the method of choice for the certification of the oyster candidate CRM. The hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) combined with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI/MS/MS) in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode was optimized for adequate chromatographic retention and robust quantification of AsB from codfish and oyster samples. By analyzing 12 subsamples taken from each 12 bottles systematically selected from the whole oyster CRM batch, the certified value of AsB was determined as $6.60mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}{\pm}0.31mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ and it showed excellent between-bottle homogeneity of less than 0.42%, which is represented by relative standard deviation of 12 bottles from the CRM batch. The major source of uncertainty was the certified value of the AsB standard solution.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.494-499
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• 2012

In this paper, a new method for detecting various objects that can be risks to safety navigation in sea environment is proposed. By analysing Infrared(IR) images obtained from various sea environments, we could find out that object regions include both horizontal and vertical direction edges while background regions of sea surface mainly include vertical direction edges. Therefore, we present an approach to detecting object regions considering horizontal and vertical edges. To this end, in the first step, image enhancement is performed by suppressing noises such as sea glint and complex clutters using a statistical filter. In the second step, a horizontal edge map and a vertical edge map are generated by 1-D Discrete Cosine Transform technique. Then, a combined map integrating the horizontal and the vertical edge maps is generated. In the third step, candidate object regions are detected by a adaptive thresholding method. Finally, exact object regions are extracted by eliminating background and clutter regions based on morphological operation.