• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.332-338
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• 2013

Recently in Korea, in order to ensure evacuation safety within buildings, reviewing and evacuation assessment using computer simulations has been performed from the planning and design stages. Since the results from the assessment mainly depends on the initial values of input elements, it is important to establish element specific data. Nevertheless evacuation related experiments and research are still insufficient to apply overseas standards to domestic conditions. This study intended to conduct a experiment on evacuation movement speed by age as part of element-specific data construction for domestic occupant movement speed. After analyzing domestic and overseas studies on evacuation movement speed, we conducted the experiment of evacuation movement speed for 134 people. Then, by carrying out a comparative analysis of the results of the movement speed obtained from the experiment with overseas movement speeds, we followed the validation procedures of the experimental results under domestic evacuation conditions. The data derived from the experiment is expected to serve as a basis for the movement speed of domestic evacuation safety assessment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2010

The aims of this study are to verify the relationships of evacuee speed and affections to the evacuation time according to the width of corridor and stairs in university education facilities. To achieve these purposes, the present conditions of university education facilities were analyzed, and the evacuation experiments were executed in relation to the width of corridor and stairs. The results of this study are as follows ; (1) The deviations of numbers of residents per stair is very high, and the number and width of stairs, corridors are only depend on the minimum guidelines of building code, not considering the residents' evacuation. (2) The width of corridor and stairs are affects on the evacuation speed and time. The rate of decreasing speed is large in stairs, and also the possibility of danger is increasing depend on the speed and density.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.13-20
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• 2015

As building height is increased, more careful decisions about the required safe egress time is needed for evacuation. This study analyzed the influence of three training sessions on the vertical speed of evacuation in the high rise building. Evacuation experiments were done in a high-rise office building in Seoul, and we analyzed the vertical evacuation speed as a function of density using a camera. Controlled and uncontrolled total evacuation were compared using the Pathfinder simulation. The process of repeated training, changed the specific stair utilization rate from 6.3% to 39.5%. The vertical evacuation speed as a function of density was analyzed using the equation s = 1.004 ? 0.288D, which is very similar to the equation used in a different study. The total evacuation time of the special controlled total evacuation was reduced by about 25% compared to the simultaneous evacuation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.204-205
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• 2021

In the event of a fire in a high-rise building, rapid evacuation through the stairwell is a very important factor in rapid evacuation. However, in the event of an actual fire, most of the occupants evacuate at the same time, resulting in a stay in the stairwell, reducing the evacuation speed. In Korea, conditions for buildings are created to evacuate quickly and safely while introducing performance-oriented designs to solve these problems, but there is no research data related to the evacuation speed due to joining in the event of vertical evacuation. Therefore, in this study, by analyzing the experiment conducted at W University in Japan, the density-speed relationship when staying in the staircase room was derived, and the regression equation was derived based on the results.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.329-343
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• 2019

In order to simulate the evacuation simulation of a ship during a sinking, the slope angle change of the ship must be reflected during the simulation. In this study, the passenger evacuation simulation is implemented by continuously applying the heeling angle change during sinking. To reflect crowd behavior, the human density and the congestion algorithm were developed in this research and the walking speed experiment in the special situation occurring in the inclined ship was conducted. Evacuation simulation was carried out by applying the experimental results and the change of the walking speed according to the heeling angle of the ship. In order to verify the evacuation simulation, test items suggested by International Maritime Organization (IMO) and SAFEGUARD Validation Data Set conducted on a large Ro-PAX ferry (SGVDS 1) which performed real evacuation trial in full-scale ships were performed and the results of simulation were analyzed. Based on hypothetical scenario of when a normal evacuation command is delivered to the passengers of MV SEWOL in time, we predicted and analyzed the evacuation process and the number of casualties.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.90-97
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• 2019

This study is aiming to compare stair ascent transportation speed and physical burden of evacuation supporters according to the types of stair ascent transportation for vulnerable people experimentally. In this study, we measured heart rate of the supporters to indicate physical burden during the transportation. The subjects of this experiment were male students, age of 20-26. Experimental conditions were the ways of stair transportation and the weight of vulnerable people. The types of stair transportation were giving a piggyback ride and carrying a wheelchair. Each experimental trial was video-recorded for measurement of ascent speed and observing supporters movement. As a result of the experiment, as for the ascent transportation speed by piggyback ride from the first floor to the fourth floor, the average speed of the light case is 31 seconds and for the heavy case is 43 seconds. When it comes to the average speed of wheelchair transportation's average speed the light case is 1 minute and 11 seconds and the heavy case is 1 minute and 49 seconds. Therefore, it was indicated that when the weight of a vulnerable people is lighter, the transportation speed is faster. The heart rates of evacuation supporters are different depending on transportation methods or individual's condition but as repetitive transportation increases, they tend to reach the maximum heart rates.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.67-72
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• 2023

Human and material damage can be reduced if the risk is evaluated by engineering analysis of fire combustion products, smoke concentration, and smoke movement speed in the event of a fire in apartment houses and officetels. In this study, a lot of research on related safety evaluation in the basement needs to be studied and reflected in design, so experimental research was conducted to analyze the flow of smoke through computer simulation and provide analysis data through evacuation safety evaluation. First of all, the five-story underground parking lot subject to simulation has a large floor area, which is advantageous for improving evacuation safety performance, but it uses temperature detectors to increase detection time and fire spread speed. Second, it was analyzed that the evacuation time at all evacuation ports did not exceed the evacuation time, and as the time from the start of evacuation to the evacuation time was 216.9% compared to the travel time, it was evaluated that the safety performance of the evacuation was secured. Third, the above simulation results are a comprehensive safety evaluation based on the non-operation of fire extinguishing facilities in the fire room to increase safety, which means that smoother evacuation safety performance can be secured by linking fire extinguishing facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 2022

Human casualties from fires are increasing worldwide. The majority of human deaths occur during the evacuation process, as occupants panic and are unaware of the location of the fire and evacuation routes. Using an Internet of Things (IoT) sensor and reinforcement learning, we propose a method to find the safest evacuation route by considering the fire location, flame speed, occupant position, and walking conditions. The first step is detecting the fire with IoT-based devices. The second step is identifying the occupant's position via a beacon connected to the occupant's mobile phone. In the third step, the collected information, flame speed, and walking conditions are input into the reinforcement learning model to derive the optimal evacuation route. This study makes it possible to provide the safest evacuation route for individual occupants in real time. This study is expected to reduce human casualties caused by fires.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.218-226
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• 2024

According to the actual situation of a university, the emergency evacuation simulation is modeled based on the physical sign, evacuation speed and personnel ratio using the pathfinder software.The experimental construction export utilization rate is compared with the preliminary simulation scenario. The simulation results show that the utilization rate of evacuation stairs and evacuation exits is significantly improved.The optimized solution can provide the most effective evacuation passage, and the research results can provide the basis for the rational planning and management of evacuation passage in university experiment building.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.328-334
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• 2024

This study uses Pathfinder software to simulate and analyze the safe evacuation of university dormitory occupants. Fire safety issues in densely populated dormitory buildings are gaining increasing attention, and improving emergency evacuation efficiency is crucial for reducing the harm caused by fire incidents. The study focuses on a student dormitory building in a university, simulating different evacuation scenarios and analyzing the impact of factors such as evacuation routes, personnel distribution, exit width, and stair width on evacuation time. Based on the actual dormitory conditions, parameters such as gender ratio, height range, shoulder width, and walking speed of the occupants were set, and evacuation times in various scenarios were compared.The simulation results show that proper planning of evacuation routes and increasing stair width significantly reduced evacuation times. The study recommends that universities establish systematic emergency response plans, conduct regular evacuation drills, optimize student dormitory layouts, and consider increasing stair width in dormitory building designs to improve evacuation efficiency and safety.